Chii chinonzi Nanometer?

Zano: Makemikari akawandisa anoshandisa iyo

A nanometer (nm) inhengo yehurefu mumatric system, yakaenzana ne- biliyoni imwe yemamita (1 x 10-9 m). Vakawanda vangave vachinzwa nezvazvo zvisati zvaitika-zvinowanzobatanidzwa neanotechnology uye kusikwa kana kudzidza zviduku zvikuru. A nanometer inenge iri duku kudarika mamita, asi iwe unogona kunge uchinetseka kuti iduku sei? Kana, ndeapi maitiro emabasa kana zvisikwa-zvenyika zvinoshandiswa pane ino nanoscopic?

Kana kuti, iyo inobatana sei nemamwe mitero miyero yehurefu?

Ndodiki Sei Nanometer?

Metric miyero yose yakavakirwa pamamita. Ongorora chero mutongi kana tepi, uye iwe unogona kuona kuverengwa kwemasera, masentimita, uye mamita. Neine mechanical pencil uye ruoko rwakasimba, hazvisi zvakaoma kutora mitsara imwe mamita imwe chete. Iye zvino chimbofungidzira uchiedza kuenzana nemamiriyoni akafanana nemiromo mukati memakirogirita-iyo nanometer. Kuita mitsetse iyoyo zvechokwadi inoda midziyo yakakosha kubvira:

• A nanometer (nm) ishoma kudarika ..

• micrometer (μm), iyo idiki kudarika ..

• millimita (mm), iyo idiki kudarika ..

• centimita (cm), iduku kudarika ..

• decimeter (dm), iyo idiki kudarika ..

• mamita (m)

Pasina rubatsiro rwezvimwe zvishandiso (semuenzaniso kukudza magirazi, microscopes), ziso revanhu rinowanzoitika (kureva maonero anogara aripo) inokwanisa kuona zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana anenge anenge mazana maviri emamiriyoni emita akaenzana, izvo zvakaenzana nemaminitsi makumi maviri.

Kuti upe hukuru hwemaminiti makumi maviri ehumwe chirevo, ona kuti iwe unogona here kutora kamba imwechete / acrylic fiber inonamatira kubva kune jira (ichibatisisa pamusoro pomwenje chiedza inobatsira zvikuru) kana ichikwira mumhepo seguruva. Kana tsvina imwe jecha rakanaka muchanza cheruoko rwako kuti uwane zviduku, zvisingaoneki zviyo.

Kana izvo zvishoma zvakaoma kuti zviite, tarisa mvere dzevanhu panzvimbo iyo, iyo inobva 18 micrometer (yakanaka kwazvo) kusvika 180 micrometer (yakawanda kwazvo) yakaenzana.

Uye iyo yose inongova micrometer yepamusoro-nhamba-nhamba-yakakosha zvinhu ndeye zvuru zvishoma zvishoma!

Atomu neCells

Iyo nanoscale inowanzobatanidza zviyero pakati peanometer zana ne100, iyo inosanganisira zvinhu zvose kubva paatomu kusvika kumazana emagetsi. Mavirusi anobva kubva kuma50 uye 200 nanometer muhukuru. Ivhareji yakakura ye membrane yesero iri pakati peanometer 6 uye 10 nanometer. A helix yeDNA inenge 2 nanometer inoupamhi, uye carbon nanotubes inogona kuwana shoma se1 nanometer inomita.

Tichipa mienzaniso iyoyo, zviri nyore kunzwisisa kuti zvinoda zvakanyanya-simba uye zvakanyatsoshandiswa (sekutsvaga kutengesa microscopes) kuti iwirirane (kureva mufananidzo, chiyero, muenzaniso, kushandiswa, nekugadzira) zvinhu pazinga re nanoscopic. Uye kune vanhu vanoita izvi zuva rega rega mundima dzakadai se:

• Chemistry

• Biology

• Physics

• Materials Science

• Engineering

• Technology

Kune mienzaniso mizhinji yezvigadzirwa zvemazuva ano zvakagadzirwa nean nanometer scale. Mimwe mishonga iduku yakagadzirirwa kuva yakakwanisa kuendesa zvinodhaka kune mamwe masero. Mazuva ano maitiro emakemikari anogadzirwa nehutano hunoita mamolekemu neanometer yakarurama.

Carbon nanotubes inoshandiswa kuvandudza kupisa uye magetsi yemiti yemiti. Uye iyo Samsung Galaxy S8 smartphone uye Apple iPad Pro piritsi (yechipiri-gen) zvose zviri zviviri zvinoshandiswa pa 10 nm.

Ramangwana rine zvakawanda zvakachengeterwa nanometer-size scientists nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu. Zvisinei, nanometer haisi kunyange chiyero chiduku kudarika! Tarisa tafura iri pasi apa kuti uone kuti inofananidzwa sei.

The Metric Table