Dive mukati memodhipekibhokisi bhokisi
Mutinhi wekutipoteredza. Muzvisikwa, zvinoumbwa nemasimba ose echisikiro uye zvinhu zvipenyu, uye vazhinji vevanhu vanogona kunzwa kunzwa kuburikidza nenzeve dzavo.
Nehutano hwedu hwemagetsi, vanhu vanogonawo kutora inzwi vachishandisa maikorofoni, iyo inoshandura inzwi mumagetsi emagetsi anogona kunyorwa pane imwe nzira yekuchengetedza mhizha. Kana imwe yakatorwa uye ichichengetwa, inogona kudzokororwa pane imwe nguva kana nzvimbo. Kunzwa kurekodhwa inzwi kunoda chidimbu chekusetsa, chinokurudzira, uye, chinonyanya kukosha pane zvose, chipikisa rodhipikiti.
01 of 06
Chii chinonzi Loudspeaker?
A loudspeaker chigadziro chinoshandura magetsi emagetsi kuva sarudzo semugumisiro wemagetsi-mechanical process. Vatauriri vanowanzobatanidzwa kwekuvakwa kunotevera:
- Simba resimbi rinotaurwa seChikoro mukati mazvo zvese zvinotaura zvikamu zvinowanikwa.
- A Diaphragm inoputira mhepo kuburikidza nekudengenyeka. Nzira dzekudengenyeka ndeye dzinobudisa zvinoda mazaya anogamuchirwa nenzeve dzako. Iyo Diaphragm inowanzotumidzwa seCone. Kunyange zvazvo chigunha chinoputika chinonyanya kushandiswa, pane zvimwe zvakasiyana (zvakakurukurwa gare gare munyaya ino).
- Nhete yekunze ye rubber, mhombwe, kana zvimwe zvinhu zvakabatana, zvinonzi seSroundround (kwete kuvhiringidzika nezwi rakapoteredza kana zvese zvakapoteredza) iyo inobata diaphragm munzvimbo, ichipa hunoenderana nekugadzirisa zvokuti inogona kudedera. Kuwedzera kwotsigiro kunopiwa nechimwe chimiro, chinonzi seSpider. Mharayi anovimbisa kuti iyo inodedera hurukuro diaphragm uye yakapoteredza haibate iri kunze kwesimbi frame.
- Inzwi Inoputirwa yakakomberedzwa nemagetsi emagetsi inogadziriswa kumashure kwechidimbu. Gungano reMagnet / Voice Coil rinopa simba rekuita kuti dhijimu idederere maererano neyakagamuchirwa nemagetsi.
- Vatauri vanogonawo vane zvinyoro zvishoma zvinowedzera nzvimbo iyo izwi rinowanikwa rakabatanidzwa pane diaphragm. Izvi zvinotumidzwa seDust Cap.
Mukurukuri (anonziwo mutauri wekutaura, kana mutyairi), anogona kubudisazve inzwi, asi nyaya haigumi ipapo.
Kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti mukurukuri anoita zvakanaka uye anotaridzika achifadza, inofanira kuiswa mukati memukati. Kunyange zvazvo yakawanda yenguva yacho, iyo yakavhara imwe yemhando yehuni bhokisi, zvimwe zvinhu, zvakadai sapurasitiki uye aluminium dzimwe nguva zvinoshandiswa. Panzvimbo yebhokisi, vatauri vanogonawo kuuya kune dzimwe maumbirwo, akadai sepaneti yakanyanyisa kana saratani.
Uyewo, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, havasi vatauri vose vanoshandisa koni kuti varaire inzwi. Semuenzaniso, vamwe vanoita hurukuro, vakadai seKlipsch, vanoshandisa Nyanga pamwe nehurukuro dzemakona, asi vamwe vanoita hurukuro, kunyanya, Martin Logan, vanoshandisa magetsi ekugadzirwa kwevatauri, asi vamwewo, saMagnepan, vanoshandisa teknolojia yeRibhoni. Iko kune mamiriro ezvinhu apo inzwi racho rinowanikwazve risina tsika .
02 of 06
Full-Range, Woofers, Tweeters, uye Mid-range Speakers
The Full Range Speaker
Izwi rakanakisa rakapoteredza rine chitubu chimwechete, icho chakakosha kubereka zvose zvese zvinotumirwa kwariri. Zvisinei, kana mukurukuri ari muduku zvikuru, inogona kungoerekana ichitarisa mafambiro akakwirira. Kana iri "masvikiro-mizinga", inogona kubudisa inzwi rezwi revanhu uye mafambiro akafanana zvakanaka, asi inopera mune zvose zvakaderera uye zvishoma-pasi. Kana mukurukuri ari mukuru kwazvo, zvinogona kuita zvakanaka nechepakati pfupi uye, zvichida, pakati pemakiromita, asi zvingaita zvakanaka nepamusoro-famba.
Iro sarudzo, edzai mararamiro evanhu vanogona kubudiswa zvakare nekuve nevakurukuri vemasikisi akasiyana mukati memukati akafanana.
Woofers
A woofer ihurukuro iyo yakakura uye yakavakwa kuitira kuti inogona kubereka pasi kana pasi uye pakati pepakati mafaro zvakanaka (zvimwe pane izvi gare gare). Iko rudzi rwekukurukura runoita basa rose pakubudisa mafunguro aunonzwa, zvakadai semanzwi, zviridzwa zvemimhanzi, uye manzwiro. Zvichienderana nehupamhi hwehupfumi, hoofer inogona kuva yakaita se 4-inch in diameter kana yakakura semasendimita gumi nemashanu. Mafupa ane 6.5-to-8-inch diameter anozivikanwa mumitauriro yepasi yepamusoro, asi mashizha ane diameter mu 4 ne 5-inch range yakawanda mumabhuku eshefereti.
Tweeters
A tweeter inonyanya kugadzirirwa hurukuro iyo yakawanda kwete shoma shoma kupfuura yeoofer asi inotarisirwa nekunongedzera huwandu hwehurukuro pane imwe pfungwa, kusanganisira, mune dzimwe nguva, inonzwika kuti nzeve yevanhu haigone kunzwa zvakananga, asi inogona kunzwisisa.
Chimwe chikonzero icho tweeter inobatsira ndechokuti sezvo hukuru-huno hunova hutungamiri hwakanyanya, tweeters yakagadzirirwa kuparadzira mhere-mhere-mhere muimba kuitira kuti inzwike zvakarurama. Kana kupararira kwakanyanya kuderera, mutereri ane zvishoma zvishoma zvokusarudza nzvimbo. Kana kupararira kwakakura zvakanyanya, pfungwa yekutungamira kwokuti inzwi riri kuuya richibva kubva rakarasika.
Mhando dzetikwereti:
- Chimwe - Chinyorwa chiduku chemukurukuri wakazara.
- Dome - Izwi rinosungirirwa rinobatanidzwa kune dome rinogona kugadzirwa nemucheka kana simbi inobatana (yakafanana neyo inoratidzwa mumufananidzo).
- Piezo - Panzvimbo yezwi coil uye cone kana dome, kushamwaridzana kwemagetsi kunoshandiswa kune piezoelectric crystal, iyo inobvongodza diaphragm.
- Ribhoni - Panzvimbo yechidimbu chechidimbu, magnetic force inoshandiswa kune ribhoni rakatetepa (s) kugadzira inzwi.
- Electrostatic - A thin thin diaphragm inomiswa pakati pematare maviri esimbi. Zviratidzo zvinosvika kumagetsi emagetsi nenzira iyo iyo inova kunze kwekugadzirisa, zvichiita kuti inokwezva uye ichidzora mhizha inomiswa, ichigadzirisa kudonhedzwa kunoda kuumba inzwi.
Mid-range Speakers
Kunyange zvazvo mukurukuri akavhara angagona kusanganisira yeoofer uye tweeter kuvhara yose frequency range, vamwe vanoita hurukuro vanoitora danho rinowedzera nekuwedzera hurukuro yechitatu iyo inoparadzanisa mafambiro akaderera uye pakati pepakati. Izvi zvinotumidzwa semutauriri we Mid-range.
2-Way vs 3-Way
Inofungidzira kuti inosanganisira yeoofer uye tweeter inotumidzwa se 2-Way Speech, nepo yakavharwa iyo inogadzira woofer, tweeter, uye pakati-kati inotumidzwa semutauri we 3-Way.
Iwe unogona kufunga kuti iwe unofanira kugara uchisarudza mutauriri we-3-way, asi izvozvo zvingangotsausa. Iwe unogona kuva nechero rakagadzirwa 2-nzira hurukuro inonzwika yakanakisisa kana isina kukodzera-yakagadzirwa 3-kutaura hurukuro inonzwika inotyisa.
Haisi uwandu hwenhamba uye nhamba yevatauriri vanokosha, asi izvo zvipi zvavakagadzirirwa nazvo, mukati mekugadzirwa kwepakati, uye hunodiwa hwechikamu chinotevera chinodiwa-Crossover.
03 of 06
Crossovers
Iwe hausi kukanda waofer uye tweeter, kana woofer, tweeter, uye pakati pepakati mumutsara webhokisi ivo pamwe chete uye vanotarisira kuti inonzwika zvakanaka.
Paunenge uine woofer / tweeter, kana woofer / tweeter / mid-range yevatauri mukereke yako, iwe unodawo crossover.
A crossover is circuit circuit iyo inopa nguva yakakodzera yekuenda kune vakurukuri vakasiyana.
Semuenzaniso, munzira 2-hurukuro, crossover inogadziriswa purogiramu yakananga-chero mafunguro ari pamusoro apa iyo inotumirwa kune tweeter, asi zvasara zvinotumirwa kuoofer.
Mumutauri wechitatu, nhamba inogona kushandiswa kuitira kuti iine mafungiro maviri-imwe inobata pfungwa pakati pewaofer uye pakati-kati, uye imwe yepakati pakati pepakati nepakati uye tweeter.
Izvo zvinowanzoitika zvinoratidza kuti crossover yakaiswa pane zvakasiyana. Nzira inowanikwa-2-crossover inogona kunge iri 3kHz (chero chinhu chiri kumusoro chinosvika kune tweeter, chinhu chipi nechipi chinotevera chinopinda kune yaunofer), uye inowanzoita 3-way crossover points inogona kunge iri 160-200Hz pakati pewaofer uye pakati pepakati, uye ipapo 3Hz Pakati pepakati pepakati uye tweeter.
04 of 06
Passive Radiators uye Ports
A Passive Radiator inoratidzika semukurukuri, ine diaphragm, yakapoteredza, tsandanyama, uye fomu, asi iri kusiya izwi coil. Panzvimbo yekushandisa izwi rinosungiridza kudonhedzera mutauriri wechirangaridzo, radiator inotenderera inofungira maererano nehuwandu hwemhepo inonzi woofer inoputira mukati memukati.
Izvi zvinoita kuti pave nemigumisiro yakawedzerwa umo woofer iri kupa simba kuti rive nesimba roga roga uye rinotarisa radiator. Kunyange zvazvo zvisingaiti zvakafanana nokuva nemaofa maviri akabatana zvakananga kumudzidziro, kusanganiswa kwewaofer uye passive radiator rubatsiro mukugadzira zvakanakisisa bass output. Iyi sarudzo inoshanda zvakanaka mumakona mashoma emakwikwi, sezvo guru guru rinogona kurongedzwa panze kune nzvimbo yekuteerera, asi iyo radiator isingaiti inogona kuiswa kumashure kwechipatara chiripo.
Chimwe chinhu chinoshandiswa kudivi rinonzi radiator is Port. Iko gomba rinoiswa pamberi kana kumashure kwechitauri chakavhara kuitira kuti mhepo inoputirwa kunze neoofer inotumirwa kuburikidza nechiteshi, ichigadzira kuenzanisa kwakadaro kusinganzwisisiki sechidimbu chinotarisa.
Kuti riite basa rayo zvakanaka, gomba rinofanira kuva rakasiyana uye rakakura uye rinofanira kutaridzirwa kune zvakananga zvehupfumi nehupfumi izvo zvinowedzera. Vatauri vanobatanidza chikepe vanonzi Bass Reflex Speakers .
05 of 06
The Subwoofer
Pane imwe yerudzi rwehudhipiki yekufunga-iyo Subwoofer. A subwoofer yakagadzirirwa kuti iite zvinyorwa zvishoma zvakanyanya uye inoshandiswa kunyanya mumapurisa emitambo .
Mienzaniso yaiva subwoofer inoshuviwa yaizove yakakonzera zvakaderera zvinokonzerwa nemigumisiro (LFE), sekudengenyeka kwenyika uye kuputika mumafirimu, uye nemimhanzi, pipe organ pedal notes, acoustic double bass, kana tympani.
Zvizhinji zve-subwoofers zvinotengeswa . Izvi zvinoreva kuti kusiyana nemutauri wemutauriro, ivo vane yavo yakavakwa-mumagetsi. Kune rumwe rutivi, sezvakaita vamwe vatauri vezvidzidzo, vanogona kushandisa risiti yemirairi kana shanje kuti iwedzere kuderera-kuruka mhinduro.
06 of 06
The Bottom Line
Zvinyorwa zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa kuti zvive nekunyora inzwi rakanyorwa kuitira kuti rikanzwika mune imwe nguva kana nzvimbo. Pane nzira dzakawanda dzekugadzira radhipikiti, kusanganisira mabhesi uye zvigadziro zvekusimudza zvesimba .
Pamberi pako nehurukuro-rodhi kana madivipiti, kana zvichikwanisika, ita zvinoteerera zvinoteerera nehuwandu ( CD , DVD , Blu-ray / Ultra HD Blu-ray Discs, kana kunyange Vinyl Records ) yaunoziva.
Uyewo, usangotarisa kuti mukurukuri akaiswa sei, ukuru hwayo, kana kuti zvinorevei asi kuti inonyatsonzwika sei kwauri.
Kana uri kurayira vakurukuri paIndaneti, tarisai kana kune 30 kana 60-zuva yekuteerera dambudziko rinowanikwa sezviri pasinei nezvirevo zvinosangana nekugona kushanda, iwe hauzozivi kuti zvichanzwika sei muimba yako kusvikira watanga. Teerera kune vatauri vako vatsva kwemazuva mashoma, semukurukuri achiita zvikomborero kubva pakutanga-nguva inenge pakati pemakore makumi mana nemashanu.
Bonus Article: Nzira Yokusachengeta uye Kuchengeta Vatauriri Vako