Kungofanana nehuwandu hwemagetsi, vanoshandiswa vanouya nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, hukuru, simba uye mhando. Zvose zvinopesana hazvina kusikwa zvakaenzana, zvakadaro. Mhando imwe neimwe yekudzivisa ine kusiyana kwakasiyana mumararamiro akaenzana ekudzivirira mhere, kuvhiringidzika, kuwedzera kwemvura, kutengesa kwekushisa, coefficient, magetsi, kuwanda, nekuvimbika. Kusiyana uku kunounza kubudirira uye kukanganisa kuita kuti vamwe vanorwisana zvakanaka mune mamwe maitiro uye chinokonzera dambudziko rekutambudza mune vamwe.
Carbon Composition Resistors
Carbon yakagadziriswa kushandiswa yakashandiswa kuva iyo yakanyanya kunyanya kushandiswa mumasikirwo emagetsi zvichienderana nehuwandu hushoma hutengo uye kuvimbika kwavo kukuru. Carbon yakagadziriswa mashizha anoshandisa ganda rakasimba rezvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa kubva mumashini ekakoni, inovharira ceramic, uye binder zvinhu. Kurwisana kunodzorwa nekusiyanisa chiyero chebhoni kusvika kune zvigadzirwa. Iyo carbon inogadziriswa inogadziriswa nemamiriro ezvinhu epakatiro, kunyanya kufema, uye inotanga kuchinja mukurwisana kwenguva. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, kabhoni yakagadziriswa vashori vane urombo husingaregi kurwisana, kazhinji chete 5%. Carbon composition yakagadziriswa inoshandiswawo kuhuwandu hwemasimba kusvika kusvika 1 watt. Kusiyana nekunetswa kwavo kwakashata uye simba rakadzika, vanopisa gorosi vane maitiro akanaka ekuita mhinduro vachivaita sarudzo yepamusoro pemaitiro ekushandisa.
Carbon Film Resistors
Mafirimu emasikoni anoshandiswa anoshandisa ganda rakapfurikidza rebhoni pamusoro pekudzivirira tsvimbo iyo yakatemwa kuti igadzire nzira yakamanikana, yakareba yakasununguka. Nokudzora urefu hwegwara uye upamhi hwayo, kupikisa kunogona kunyatsorongedzwa nevhiringidziro sekusimbiswa kwakafanana ne1%. Pasi pose, kukwanisa kwepikisi yemavhidhiyo yekambani kwakanaka kupfuura kupikisa kwekabhoni, zvine simba kusvika ku5 watts uye kugadzikana zviri nani. Zvisinei, maitiro avo kakawanda anonyanya kuipa pamusana pekudzivirira uye kukwanisa kunokonzerwa netsika yekudzivirira inotorwa mufirimu.
Metal Film Resistors
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinowanzozivikanwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa mazuva ano isimbi yemavhidhiyo resistors. Izvo zvakafanana zvikuru mukugadzira kabhoni film resistors, uye musiyano mukuru uri kushandiswa kwesimbi yesimbi semafuta ekudzivirira panzvimbo pekabhoni. Ikosi yesimbi yakashandiswa, inowanzoita nickel-chromium alloy, inokwanisa kupa zvakasimba kushorwa kushivirira pane carbon carbon resistors nevanosungirirwa sechisimba se 0.01%. Mifananidzo yemavhidhiyo inoshandiswa inowanikwa kusvika kune 35 watts, asi kusarudzwa kunotanga kuderera kupfuura 1-2 watts. Shanduro yemavhidhiyo inopikisa inonzwika shoma, uye yakagadzikana isina kukundikana kushanduka nemhaka yekupisa uye kushandisa simba.
Film Yakawandisa Resistors
Kuve yakakurumbira muma1970, mafirimu akaoma mashizha ndiwo anowanikwa pasi anopisa resistors kunyange nhasi. Izvo zvinogadzirwa mukushandura kwechinyorwa chekushandisa uchishandisa conductive ceramic uye girasi inosanganiswa inogadziriswa mumvura. Imwe nguva iyo inopikisa yakave yakanyatsobudiswa, yakabikwa pamatambo ekupisa kuti ibvise mvura uye inoshandisa fomu yekotamic uye yegirasi. Pakutanga, mafirimu akaoma mafirimu ainge asina kuvhiringidza, asi nhasi anowanikwa nehutambudziro hwakaderera se1% muzvikwata zvinogona kusvika kusvika kuWatts 250. Vhidhiyo yakaomarara vemafirimu vane inopisa yepamusoro yakakwana, ine 100 ° C kutengesa kwekushanduka kunokonzera kusvika ku 2.5% kuchinja kwekudzivirira.
Thin Film Resistors
Kukwereta kubva kumagetsi ekuita semiconductor, michina yakaipisisa yemagetsi inogadzirwa kuburikidza nemugadziri wekuisa dutu unonzi sputtering apo ine nhete yakatsetseka yeiyo inogadziriswa inowanikwa pane substrate inopfigira. Iyi yakaonda yepamusoro ndiyo iyo yakagadzirirwa chinyorwa kuti igadzire purogiramu yekudzivirira. Nokurongedza zvakakwana kuwanda kwezvinhu zvakachengetwa uye resistive pattern, kuvhiringidzika sekusimbiswa kwakafanana ne011% kunogona kuwanikwa neine michina yakaoma inopikisa. Nemafirimu evhiringidziri mafirimu akaenzana kusvika ma2,5 watts uye zvinyorwa zvishoma kudarika mamwe maitiro asi asi akasimba chaizvo. Pane mutengo wekutarisa kwepinei michina yemasikisi iyo inowanzo kaviri mutengo wemafuta ekudzivirira mafirimu.
Wirewound Resistors
Simba guru kupfuura mamwe ose uye rakanyanya kunyanya kushandiswa ndiro wirewound resistors, kunyange zvisingamboiti ivo vose vane simba guru uye zvakananga panguva imwe chete. Wirewound resistors inogadzirwa nokuputira firisti yakasimba yekudzivirira, kazhinji nickel chromium alloy, yakakomberedza bhabheri ceramic. Nokusiyanisa hupamhi, kureba, gorosi yetambo uye kuvhara muenzaniso maitiro e-wirewound resistor anogona kugadzirirwa kushanda. Kuramba kushivirira kune zvakasimba sekusvika 0.005% kuitira kunyatsogadzirisa kushandiswa kwemhepo uye kunogona kuwanikwa nehuwandu hwemagetsi kusvika kumapfumbamwe makumi mashanu. Simba wirewound resistors zvinowanzove nekuregererwa kweve 5 kana 10% asi vane simba rekuita muchikwereti kilowatt. Wirewound resistors inotambura nehupamhi hwekudzivirira uye hutsika nemhaka yehutano hwekuvakwa kwavo, izvo zvinoita kuti vaite pasi pfupi maitiro.
Vadzidzisi vezvinhu
Kushandura chiratidzo kana kugadzira dunhu chinhu chinowanzoitika mumagetsi. Imwe yenzira dzinoshandiswa pakugadzirisa manjoni zviratidzo ndeyekudzivirira kushandiswa kana kuti potentiometer. Vadzidzisi vemagetsi vanowanzoshandiswa kuti vashandisi vemuAnalogog vawane zvakadai sekudzivirira kwehuwandu. Nzvimbo duku yepamusoro-shanduro inoshandiswa kutenderera kana kuisa dunhu paPCB isati yaiswa chisimbiso uye kutumirwa kune vatengi. Vadzidzisi vanogona kunge vakanyatsojeka, vari-multi-turn variable resistors, asi kazhinji ivo vari nyore nyore kushandura maikironi anoita kuti vhudzire pamwe nekambani yebhoni yakakonzera kushandura kusagadzikana kubva pedyo ne zero kusvika pahuwandu hunokosha. Vadzidzisi vemaitiro vane mikorosi yakasimba kwazvo, maitiro asina kunaka, uye hukama hwakasimba. Zvisinei, kukwanisa kusiyanisa kusagadzikana uye kugadzirisa zviratidzo zvinogadzira zvinometers zvinokosha mune zvakawanda zvirongwa zvepurogiramu uye mukupikisa.
Other Resistor Types
Sezvo nevakawanda zvikamu, huwandu hunokosha hunosiyana siyana huripo. Ichokwadi, maverengeka akajairika akabatanidza chinhu chinowanikwa mumuchengeterwe wendarira. Zvimwe zvinokonzera kushandiswa kwezvimwe zvinosanganisira kupisa zvinhu, metal foil, oxide, shunts, cermet, uye grid resistors kutumidza zvishomanana.