Kugadzirisa zvikamu chinhu chinokosha chemagetsi. Solder haisi nguva dzose yakabatana zvakanaka kune zvikamu zvinogona kuguma nekubatana kwakashata, bridged pini, kana kunyange pasina kubatana zvachose. Mhinduro yekugadzirisa nyaya dzakasungirirwa ndeye kushandiswa kwemajisi ane simba uye kutonhora kwakanaka.
Chii chinonzi Flux?
Apo solder inonyunguduka uye inogadzira kubatana pakati pezvigadziro zviviri zvesimbi, iyo inogadzira meshonga ye metallurgical nekemikari inopindirana nemamwe mativi esimbi. Kushamwaridzana kwakanaka kunoda zvinhu zviviri, kusungurudza kunonzi metallurgically kunoenderana nesimbi inosungirirwa uye zvakanaka masimbi panzvimbo, isina mahvina, guruva, uye zvinokudzivirira kudzivirira kushamwaridzana. Girosi uye guruva zvinogona kubviswa nyore nyore nekuchenesa kana kudziviswa nehutachiwana hwakanaka hwekuchengetedza. Mafuta, kune rumwe rutivi anodikanwa neimwe nzira.
Oxidho inoumba pazvinenge zvose zvese kana oxygen inopindurwa nesimbi. Dare, inogadziriswa inowanzonzi dziya, asi inosvika kune tini, aluminium, mhangura, sirivha, uye inenge yese inoshandiswa mumagetsi. Oxides inogadzirisa zvakanyanya kuoma kana kuti zvisingabviri, kudzivirira metallurgical bond ne solder. Oxidization inoitika nguva yose, asi inoitika zvikuru nekukurumidza pamatambo akareba, seyakaita soldering Flux ichichenesa mashizha uye inopindirana neoxyide layer, ichisiya nzvimbo yakagadziriswa nokuda kwehutano hwakanaka hweboda. Flux inoramba yakasara pamusoro pesimbi iyo inenge ichitsvaira iyo inodzivirira masikisi ewedzerwa kubva pakuumbwa nekuda kwekupisa kukuru kwekugadzirisa. Sezvakaita nejeri, pane mhando dzakasiyana dzekugadzirisa, imwe neimwe ine nheyo dzinoshandiswa uye zvimwe zvisingakwanisi.
Mitauro yeFlux
Pamusoro pemishandisirwo yakawanda, kushambadzira kunowanikwa mumucheto wecherder wecherder yakakwana. Zvisinei, kune zviverengero zvinoshandiswa apo kumwe kuwedzera kwemvura kunobatsira chaizvo, zvakadai sepamusoro pekugadzirisa pasi uye kuparadza. Muzviitiko zvose, iyo yakanakisisa inoshandiswa kushandisa ndiyo inonzi acidic (inenge isisina utsinye) inokonzera iyo inoshanda paiyoxyide pane zvikamu uye inoguma nehutano hwakanaka hwe solder.
Rosin Flux
Zvimwe zvekare zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandiswa zvinoshandiswa kubva pine sap (yakanatswa uye yakanatswa) inonzi rosin. Rosin flux ichiri kushandiswa nhasi, asi kazhinji inosanganiswa nemafungiro ekugadzirisa kushambadzira, kushanda kwayo, uye maitiro. Izvozvo zvinenge zvichinyatsoyerera zvichamhanya nyore nyore, kunyanya kana zvakatsva, zvinobvisa masikisi zvakakurumidza, uye zvinobatsira kubvisa kunze kwenyika kubva kune chesimbi iri kutengeswa. Rosin inopisa is aciding kana mvura, asi kana ichiipisa inova yakasimba uye inert. Sezvo rosin flux inert kana yakasimba, inogona kusara paCPB pasina kukuvadza dunhu kunze kwekuti dunhu richadziya kusvika pakananga rosin inogona kumira uye inotanga kudya kudya. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichocho nguva dzose iri mutemo wakanaka wokubvisa rosin flux kugara kubva kuCPB. Uyewo, kana kupfeka kushandiswa kuchizoshandiswa kana kuti mapurisa ePCB anokosha, zvakasara zvinoshandiswa zvinofanira kubviswa. Rosin mvura inogona kubviswa newaini.
Organic Acid Flux
Rimwe remafuta anowanzoshandiswa anoshandiswa mvura yakasanganiswa nemvura asidi (OA). Kazhinji weak weak acids inoshandiswa mu organic acid flux, yakadai sedricric, lactic, uye stearic acid pakati pevamwe. Iyo isina simba organic acids inosanganiswa nevhutuki se isopropyl alcohol uye mvura. Organic acid fluxes inowedzera yakasimba iyo rosin fluxes uye inochenesa maxysi kubva kure nokukurumidza. Uyezve, mvura yakasvibiswa yakasikwa ye organic acid flux inobvumira PCB kuti icheneswe nyore nyore nemvura nguva dzose (ingochengetedza zvinhu zvisinganzwisisi mvura!). Kuchenesa organic organic flux inodiwa sezvo zvakasara zviri magetsi uye zvinokanganisa kushanda nekushanda kwedunhu, kana zvisingaitisi kukanganisa kana dunhu riri kushanda vasati vasara vagadziriswa.
Inorganic Acid Flux
Chinhu chakasimba pane izvo zvinokonzerwa nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinokonzera kupisa, izvo zvinowanzosanganiswa nemafuta ane simba se hydrocloric acid, zinc chloride, uye ammonium chloride. Inorganic acid flux inowedzera zvimwe kune zvimbi zvakasimba semhangura, ndarira, uye simbi isina tsvina. Inorganic acid flux inoda kuchenesa zvakakwana mushure mekushandiswa kubvisa zvose zvakasara zvakasara kubva panzvimbo iyo inogona kuderedza kana kuparadza saridhesi iyo yakasara panzvimbo. Inorganic acid flux haifaniri kushandiswa pamagetsi emagungano kana basa remagetsi.
Solder Fumes
Utsi nemafuta zvakasunungurwa apo soldering hazvina kunaka kuti inhale. Inosanganisira makemikari akawanda emakemikari kubva kumaacids uye maitiro avo neyidhide yezvidimbu. Kazhinji kemikari yakadai se formaldehyde, toluene, alcohols, uye acidic mafumu aripo mumhepo inotapira. Izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kumhepo yepamusoro uye kuwedzera kusava nemhepo kunokonzera mafungu. Kenza uye zvinotakura zvinotapira kubva pakuchenesa moto zvakaderera zvikuru sezvo nzvimbo yekubikira yejiriji inopisa kazhinji pane inotonhorera inotonhora yekushanduka uye kusvibiswa kwemazinga ekudhonza. Chinhu chinonyanya kukura chinotapira ndechokutarisa kwekudzikisa pachako. Kuchengetedza kunofanira kutorwa kana uchishandisa solder, nechinangwa chekugeza maoko uye kudzivisa kudya, kunwa, uye kusvuta munzvimbo dzakatarisa kuti urege kudzivirira kupinda muviri.