Hasi vese vatengesi vanosikwa vakaenzana - imwe sarder inokodzera kune huwandu hwekushisa uye kushandiswa. Kusarudza yakagadzirirwa zvakanaka kunokosha kuwana hukama hwakanaka hwemagetsi huchapedza hupenyu hwemufambisi uye huchava chikonzero chekukundikana .
Aina dzeSolder
Electroniki solder yakawanda inowanikwa mune imwe yemhando mitatu, mutori wealloy solder, solder isina kutungamira kana saridhe eolder solder. Sotori-based solder is solder iyo inogadzirwa kubva kune girasi re tini uye mutungamiri, dzimwe nguva nedzimwe simbi pamwe chete. Chikonzero chinotungamira chinosanganiswa neinini ndechokuti gorosi inoguma ine yakasvibirira yekushisa kwekushongedza, iyo inokosha yeimba inogadziriswa apo magetsi akawanda anonyanya kupisa. Mutungamiri wealloy solder unowanzotaridzirwa nehuwandu hweakarosi yakadai se 60/40 kana 63/37, uye nhamba yekutanga iri tini nekuyera uye nhamba yechipiri iri chiyero chekutungamirira nechiyero. Zvose izvi zvinyorwa zvinowanzoonekwa zvakanaka kune magetsi ehurumende, asi 63/37 inonzi eutectic alloy, iyo inoreva kuti ine shanduko yakakomba pakati pemvura uye yakasimba sendima shanduko inoshanduka. Iyi pfuma inobatsira kuderedza hutano hwehushani huripo hunogona kuitika kana chikamu chichifamba sezvo sodder iri kupisa.
Kutungamira saridha saridha yakave iyo yakagadziriswa inoshandiswa mumagetsi kwemakumi makumi emakore, asi nekuda kwehutano hwehutano hwakabatanidzwa nemutungamiri, tatanga kutama kubva kune vatungamiri vatengesi . Europe inotungamirira nzira yekuderedza mutungamiri kuburikidza nekuderedza kuderedza kweHazardous Substances (RoHS) uye Matsiro eElectrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) iyo inogadzirisa muwandu weutungamiri mune chimwe chinhu chinoita 0.1%. Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakurumbira zvikuru zvisingatungamiri zvinyorwa ndeye 96.5 / 3 / 0.5 girasi ine 96.5% yeatini, 3% yesirivha, uye 0.5% yendarira. Zvinosuruvarisa, zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvisingatungamiri zvinodhura kupfuura zvinotungamirira vatengesi vese, kusungurudza pane yepamusoro yekushisa uye saka zvinoda kuwedzera kwekushisa kwemvura, uye kupa zvakasimba, asi zvakanyanya brittle solder joints. Kushandiswa kwenguva refu kwekutungamirira-kusina-solder alloys kuchiri kuongororwa, kunyange zvazvo zvimwe zviitiko zvakadai semashuwa emata uye kushandiswa kwesimbi kushandiswa zvatove zvichiratidza kushandiswa kwenguva refu kwehutano hwemagetsi asingatungamiri.
Sirivha yeridhesi inogona kunge isina kutungamirira-isina kana kusanganiswa nemutungamiri. Sirivha yakatanga kuwedzerwa kutungamira saridha solder kuti ivhiringidze mhizha inozivikanwa sekushambadzira sirivha apo sirivha yakaiswa zvikamu zvakatengeswa. Nechinyorwa chekutengesa alloy solder, sirivha iri mumatarenda esirivha ichapinza mukati mekugadzirisa uye inokonzera kuti saridha yekunamatira iite brittle uye inowanzoputsa. Chengetera saridhe yakagadzirwa nesirivha, yakadai se 62/36/2 solder ne 2% yesirivha, 62% tini, uye 36% kutungamira, inogadzirisa sirivha kuchinja uye ine zviri nani pasi rose pane kutungamirira sarid alloy, asi hazvina kukwana kujekesa kuwedzera mune mari.
Kusarudza Right Solder
Zvinhu zvakasiyana zvakasiyana zvinogona kuita sarudzo yakarurama. Saridha yakarurama inofanirwa kutora kuverenga nyaya iri kutengeswa, kushandiswa kwekuyerera , ukuru hwezvikamu zviri kutengeswa, pamwe nehutano hwehutano nekuchengeteka kwekutengesa.
Simba rinowanikwa pasina, rimwe kana kuti rosin (flux) cores rinoshandisa mukati meperi wecherder. Izvi zvakaputika rosin flux inobatsira kusungurudza kubuda uye kusungirirwa kune zvikamu zviri kutengeswa, zvisinei, dzimwe nguva rosin flux iyo yakabatanidzwa mumusanganisi haifaniri nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda, zvakadai senzira yekuchenesa iyo inofanira kushandiswa mushure mekudonha kana kuvapo kwe-acid asidi flux (zvakadai se-asidi-flux solder inoshandiswa mumapuranga haafaniri kushandiswa pamagetsi) uye imwe flux yakasiyana inodiwa.
Solder inowanikawo mune zvinyorwa zvemadhenari, ne 0.02 ", 0.063" uye 0.04 "iyo inowanikwa solder diameter. zvinotonyanya kuoma, iyi ndiyo iyo 0.02 "uye 0.04" "solder" inova yakakosha. "Kazhinji, basa rose rinogona kuitwa ne 0.04" diameter solder, kunyanya kana yakabatanidzwa nechinguva chiduku uye kukwana kwakakwana.