Nhoroondo yako yakachengetedzwa sei pawebhu
Mumangwana akapfuura, mazwi akafanana nekumagumo kwekupedzisira kunenge ari ma geeks chete uye asingasviki kuva pamitauro yevanhu vakare. Vazhinji vedu hatingaiti kunetseka kuda kuziva nezvazvo nekutsvaga paInternet. Nhasi, kupedzisa-kumagumo kuvharidzira chikamu chehupenyu hwehupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Icho chaicho chiri chokupedzisira chekuchengetedza nzira inochengetedza deta yako yakaoma uye yepachena paIndaneti, saiyo yako kadhi rechikwereti munguva yekutengesa, kana foni yako iyo iri kutengesa.
Iye zvino nekunetseka kwenyika yose nezvehupfumi hwevanhu huri kutyisidzirwa, vatengesi vanogara mumakona ose, uye hurumende dzichitsvaga nezvekutaurirana kwevanhu vega, kufonera, VoIP uye mapurogiramu ekutumira mameseji ari kuratidza kupedzisa kusvika kumagumo. Yakava hurukuro yakawanda apo WhatsApp yakaunza kune vanopfuura mabhiriyoni vashandisi; mushure mekutungamirirwa nemapurogiramu akaita seTreema neTeregram, pakati pevamwe. Muchikamu chino, tava kuona kuti kuguma-kumagumo kuvharidzirwa ndechipi, kuti inoshanda sei mumashoko akajeka uye kuti chii chaunokuitira.
Encryption Inotsanangurwa
Usati watanga kusvika kune 'mugumo-kwese' chikamu, ngationei kutanga kuti chii chinyorwa chekare chinyorwa. Kurwisana kwekuchengeteka kwe data nekuchengetedzwa kwepachena paIndaneti ndiyo hondo inorwirwa pane zvakawanda, asi pakupedzisira, inotonhora kusvikira apa: pose paunotumira dambudziko rega kune imwe kombiyuta kana server pane Internet, iwe unowanzo kazhinji pazuva , yakafanana namahombekombe eguru rekodhi rinomutumira kuna mbuya kune rumwe rutivi rwemasango. Aya matanda, aanofanira kuyambukira ari oga asina kudzivirirwa, ane mhumhi nedzimwe njodzi dzinoparadza zvikuru kupfuura mhumhi yemubhedha-nguva yenyaya.
Kana uchinge watumira dhipatimendi yedhipatimendi rezwi rako, kukurukura, email kana nhamba yekadhi yemakadhi pamusoro pemusango weInternet, iwe hauna simba pamusoro peani anoisa mavoko pamusoro pavo. Iyi ndiyo mamiriro eInternet. Izvi ndizvo zvinoita kuti zvinhu zvakawanda zvikwanise kushanda pazviri pasina, kusanganisira Voice pamusoro pePI , iyo inokupa mafonero akasununguka. Dhaka yako uye izwi mapaketi anopfuura nemaseva akawanda asingazivikanwi, routers, uye zvigadzirwa apo chero upi zvake, mukuru kana mukuru wehurumende yehurumende anogona kuvabvisa. Nzira yekudzivirira sei data yako ipapo? Pinda muchidimbu, kushandiswa kwekupedzisira.
Kufuridzira kunosanganisira kushandura deta yako mufomu yakatsvaga zvokuti hazvibviri kuti chero chikamu chipi zvacho chichidzivirire kuti chiverenge, chinzwisise uye chiite chero chinonzwisisika, kunze kweiye anogamuchira kune chaanoda. Apo inosvika kune uyu anogamuchirwa akakodzera, data yakatsvaga inoshandurwa kudzokera kune fomu yayo yepakutanga uye inonyatsooneka uye inonzwisisika zvakare. Iyi yekupedzisira inonzi inonzi decryption.
Ngatitangei glossaire. Dunhu risina kutaurwa rinodanwa pachena; data encrypted inonzi cyphertext; iyo kombiyuta magetsi kana recipe iyo inomhanya pane deta kuti inyore iyo inonzi inobatanidza algorithm - purogiramu yega yega inoshanda pane data kuti iipedze. Chirevo chekuvharidzira chinoshandiswa ne-algorithm kuti chigumburwe chikwangwani chakadai icho chakakosha chinodiwa pamwe chete ne-algorithm kuti ichinje data. Nokudaro, iyo chete iyo iyo iyo inobata kiyi inogona kuwana ruzivo rwezvinyorwa zvepakutanga. Cherechedza kuti kiyi ndiyo nhamba yakakura kwazvo yenhamba iyo iwe haufaniri kuyeuka kana kutarisira, sezvo shanduro inoita zvose.
Kuchengetedza , kana seinozivikanwa mushure mezera re digital, cryptography, rave rakashandiswa kwemakumi emakore tisati tave nenguva. VaIjipita vekare vaishandiswa kuomesa maitiro avo ekudzivirira vanhu vepasi-pasi kubva pazvinhu zvinonzwisisika. Mazuva ano uye kushandiswa kwesayenzi kwakauya munguva yepakati neArabhu nyanzvi yemasvomhu Al-Kindi uyo akanyora bhuku rokutanga pamusoro penyaya. Icho chakava chakakomba zvikuru uye chakapfuura munguva yeHondo Yenyika II neInigma machine uye yakabatsira zvikuru mukukunda maNazi mumatambudziko akawanda.
Iye zvino, iyo yekutanga yekutumira mameseji uye kudana mapurogiramu akauya nekumagumo ekuguma kwekupedzisira anobva kuGermany, uko vanhu vari kunyanya kunetseka pamusoro pehuga hwavo. Mienzaniso yeTeregiramu neTreema. Kutaura zvazviri, izvi zvingave zvakanyanyisa nekudengenyeka kwemafoni eGermany aKancancell Merkel ari kushandiswa neU.S. Uyewo, Jan Koum, mubatanidzwa weChesApp, akataura nezvemucheche hwake hwemuchechi yeRussia uye zvose zvinyorwa zvemitambo zvakabatanidzwa seimwe yezvinhu zvinotyaira zvekuda kwake kusimudzira kusavanzika kuburikidza nekunyoresa purogiramu yake, izvo zvakadaro zvisati zvasvika.
Symmetric uye Asymmetric Encryption
Usabhadhara kutarira mazwi akaoma. Tinongoda kuita musiyano pakati pemapurogiramu maviri echinhu chakajeka. Heano muenzaniso wekuenzanisira kuti kushandiswa kwakaitwa sei.
Tom anoda kutumira shoko roga kuHarry. Mharidzo yacho inopfurikidza nekinyorwa chegoridhethi uye, uchishandisa kiyi, yakavharwa. Kunyange zvazvo shanduro yacho iripo kune ani zvake anokwanisa kuva geeky zvakakwana, saDick uyo anoda kuziva zviri kutaurwa, kiyi chinhu chakavanzika pakati paTom naHarry. Kana Dick muchengeti anokwanisa kutora mharidzo mu cyphertext, haazokwanisi kuibvisa zvakare kumutumwa wepakutanga kunze kwekuti ane kiyi, chaasingaiti.
Izvi zvinonzi kuenzaniswa kwekuvhara, iyo iyo ikakosha iyo inoshandiswa kuvhara uye kubvisa pamativi ose maviri. Izvi zvinokonzera dambudziko sezvo mapoka maviri akakodzera achida kuva nekona, iyo inogona kusanganisira kuitumira iyo kubva kune rumwe rutivi kusvika kune rumwe, zvichidaro kuisa pachena kuti ichinyengedzwa. Saka hazvisi kubudirira munyaya dzose.
Asymmetric encryption ndiyo mhinduro. Mhando mbiri dzekiyi dzinoshandiswa kune rimwe sangano, imwe kona yepasimusi uye imwe chinhu chepachivande, iyo yega yega ine chinyorwa chepachena uye kiyi yepachivande. Nhepfenyuro dzevanhu dzinowanika kune mapato maviri, uye kune umwewo zvake, sezvo mapato maviri ari pamwe chete anogovana zvikamu zvavo zvevanhu vasati vataurirana. Tom anoshandisa hurumende yaHerry kuti inyore shoko racho, iro rinogona kungoparadzaniswa nekushandisa izvi (Harry's) ehupfumi yehurumende uye key yaHarry yepachivande.
Ichi chinhu chepachivande chinowanikwa kuna Harry uye kusina mumwe munhu, kwete kunyange kuna Tom mutumiri. Ichi ndicho chinhu chimwe chinoita kuti zvibvirire kuti chero imwe nhengo isakanganise mharidzo nokuti hapana chikonzero chekutumira kiyi yega yega pamusoro.
Kuguma-ku-Kupera Kuverengera Kunotsanangurwa
End-to-end encryption inoshanda sezvinotsanangurwa pamusoro apa, uye iri kushandiswa kwekuita seyomutsetse. Sezvo zita racho rinoreva, kupedzisa-kumagumo kunodzivirira data yakadai kuti inogona kuverengwa chete pamicheto miviri, neyo mutumi, uye neanogamuchira. Hapana mumwe munhu anogona kuverenga deta yakavharidzirwa, kusanganisira vanotya, hurumende, uye kunyange sevha iyo iyo data iri kupfuura.
End-to-end encryption inherently zvinoreva zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokosha. Cherechedza vaviri veAssApp varikukurukurirana achishandisa meseji kana kutumira paIndaneti. Nhamba yavo inodarika neAssApp server kana ichifambisa kubva kune imwe user kune imwe. Kune mamwe mabasa akawanda anopa encryption, iyo data yakavharidzirwa panguva yekuendesa asi inodzivirirwa chete kubva kunze kwevanopinda sevanotya. Basa racho rinogona kuvhara data pane mavhavhari uye kuvashandisa. Vanogona kuisa ruzivo kune vamwe vatatu kana kuvakuru vemitemo. End-to-end encryption inochengetedza deta yakavharwa, pasina chero ipi zvayo yekudemba, kunyange pavhavha uye kwose kwose. Nokudaro, kunyange kana vachida, basa racho harigoni kupindira uye kuita chero chinhu chine data. Mitemo yezvemitemo nehurumende ndeyevo avo vasingakwanisi kuwana iyo data, kunyange nemvumo. Zvinodaro, hapana munhu anogona, kunze kwemapato pamigumo miviri.
Nzira Yokushandisa Kushandisa-Kupedza Kuverengera
Iwe hausi kunyatsoshandisa kushandisa kuguma-kwese zvakananga uye hauna chaunofanira kuita kuti uite kuti uite. Izvo zviri kumashure, software nehutano hwehutano hwehutori dzinotarisira.
Semuenzaniso, shanduro yauri kuverenga ino yakagadzirwa nemagetsi ekupedzisira ekugadzirisa zvishandiso, uye inosvika kushanda kana iwe uchiita basa reInternet rinoda kuchengetedza deta yako panguva yokutumira. Funga zvinoitika kana iwe ukatenga chimwe chinhu paIndaneti uchishandisa yako kadhi rechikwereti. Kombiyuta yako inoda kutumira nhamba yekadhi rechikwereti kumutengesi kune rumwe rutivi rwepasi. Kugadzirisa-kumagumo kuvharidzira kunova nechokwadi chokuti iwe chete nekombiyuta yemutengesi kana basa rinokwanisa kuwana nhamba yakachengetedzwa.
Secure Socket Layer (SSL), kana kuti shanduro yakagadziriswa yakashambadzirwa Transport Layer Security (TLS), ndiyo yepamusoro yekusungirirwa kwewebhu. Paunopinda nzvimbo inopa kuvharidzirwa kwemashoko ako - kazhinji iwo masayiti anobata ruzivo rwako rwepamwechete semashoko ehupenyu hwako, mapepa-mapepa, nhamba dzekadhi rechikwereti nezvimwe - pane zviratidzo zvinoratidza kuchengeteka uye kuchengeteka.
Mutsamba yekero, URL inotanga ne https: // panzvimbo ye http : // , chimiro chekuwedzera chekuchengeteka . Iwe uchaonawo chifananidzo pane imwe nzvimbo pane peji neka logo yeSyantec (muridzi weTLS) uye TLS. Ichi chifananidzo, kana zvichinyorwa, chinovhura pop-up ichivimbisa kubwinya kwewebsite. Makambani akaita seSyantec anopa zviiti zvedijititi kune mawebhusayithi ekunyora.
Kudanwa kwezwi uye mamwe mhizha zvakare inodzivirirwa kushandiswa kwemagumo ekupedzisira nemhando dzakawanda nemabasa. Iwe unobatsirwa kubva pane wega wekunyora zvinyorwa kuburikidza nekushandisa izvi mapurogiramu ekukurukurirana.
Tsanangudzo iri pamusoro apa yekupedzisira yekupedzisira yakanyorwa yakajeka uye inoratidzirwa inoratidzira pfungwa inokosha shure, asi mukuita, yakawanda zvikuru kupfuura iyo. Pane zvakawanda zvemaitiro kunze uko kwekunyora, asi iwe haufaniri kuwedzera zvakadzama.
Iwe unogona kunge uchida kufunga pamusoro pemubvunzo iwoyo zvechokwadi mupfungwa dzako ikozvino: ndinoda zvinyorwa here? Zvakanaka, kwete nguva dzose, asi hongu iwe unozviita. Zvichida tinoda kunyora zvishoma pane zvatinoita. Izvo zvinobva pane zvaunoshandisa pakukurukurirana kwako. Kana iwe uine zvinhu zvokuviga, iwe uchave uchionga kuvepo kwekupedzisira-kusvika-kuvhara.
Vakawanda pachavo havazviwani zvakakosha pane zveAssApp dzavo uye mamwe maI IM apps, uye vanongosanganisira mavhesi neshamwari nemhuri. Ndiani aizotitarisa kuti atishore apo kune vamwe mabhiriyoni vamwe vachitaura? Zvisinei, isu tose tinochida patinenge tichiita bhengi kana e-commerce kutengeserana online. Asi zvino, iwe unoziva, haufaniri kusarudza. Kufuridzira kunoitika pasina iwe uchiziva, uye vanhu vazhinji havazivi uye havatarisiri kana deta yavo ichinyorwa.