Ndezvipi uye nei iwe uchifanira kuzvishandisa
CSS vendor prefixes, uyewo dzimwe nguva inozivikanwa seCSS browser prefixes, ndiyo nzira yevashanduri vekushandura kuwedzera kutsigirwa kwezvinhu zvitsva zveCSS vasati vanyatsogadzirirwa zvizere muma browsers ose. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa panguva yekuedza uye nguva yekuedza apo mushanduri wekushandura ari kutsanangura kunyatsoshandiswa kwezvinhu izvi zvitsva zveCSS. Aya mahedheni akazozivikanwa zvikuru nekusimudzirwa kweCSS3 makore mashomanana apfuura.
Apo CCS3 yakatanga kubudiswa, zvinhu zvakawanda zvakashamisika zvakatanga kurova mavheekeri akasiyana panguva dzakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, browser dzebhukit-powered (Safari neChrome) dzaiva dzekutanga kutaura zvimwe zvemafirimu-style sekushandura nekuchinja. Nokushandisa mutengesi prefixed properties, web designers vakakwanisa kushandisa izvozvi zvitsva mubasa ravo uye vakazviona pavashandisi vakavatsigira pakarepo, pane kuti vamirire mumwe nomumwe mushanduri wekutsvaga kuti atore!
Saka kubva pakuona kwekugadzira webhu, webhushu prefixes inoshandiswa kuwedzera zvinhu zvitsva zveCSS pane imwe nzvimbo apo ine nyaradzo kuziva kuti vashandisi vanozosimbisa iyo michina. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira zvakanyanya apo vashanduri vakasiyana-siyana vanogadzira zvinhu nenzira dzakasiyana kana kuti neshoko rakasiyana.
ICSS browser prefixes yaunogona kushandisa (imwe neimwe iyo yakananga kune imwe browser) ndeyi:
- Android: -webkit-
- Chrome: -webkit-
- Firefox: -moz-
- Internet Explorer: -ms-
- iOS: -webkit-
- Opera: -o-
- Safari: -webkit-
Mune zviitiko zvakawanda, kushandisa kashandisi itsva yeCSS style property, iwe unotora chimiro cheCSS chaiyo uye wobva wawedzera chikamu chekushandura kwega rega. Mafaira akafanirwa nguva dzose anouya pakutanga (mune chero mararamiro aunofarira) apo nzvimbo yeCSS yakazara ichauya pakupedzisira. Somuenzaniso, kana uchida kuwedzera kuchinja kweCSS3 kumagwaro ako, iwe ungashandisa shanduko yemuzinda sezvinoratidzwa pasi apa:
-webkit- shanduko: zvose zvese zviri nyore;
-moz- shanduko: zvose 4s nyore;
-ms- shanduko: ose 4s nyore;
-kushandura : ose 4s nyore;
shanduko: zvose 4s nyore;
Cherechedza: Yeuka, mamwe ma browsers ane shanduro yakasiyana yemamwe zvinhu kupfuura vamwe vanoita, saka usafungidzira kuti browser-prefixed version yeimba yakangofanana neimba yakazara. Somuenzaniso, kuumba CSS gradient , unoshandisa iyo-line gradient. Firefox, Opera, uye mazuva ano eChrome uye Safari anoshandisa iyo pfuma neyakakodzana nesimboti munguva yekutanga Chrome ne Safari shandisa prefixed property -webkit-gradient. Uyewo, Firefox inoshandisa maitiro akasiyana neayawo.
Chikonzero chekuti iwe unogumisa nguva dzose chiziviso chako nechinyakare, kwete-prefixed version yeCSS pfuma kuitira kuti kana shanduro ikatsigira mutemo, ichashandisa iyo. Yeuka kuti CSS inoverengwa sei. Mitemo inotevera inotanga kutangira kune avo vekare kana iyo yakajeka yakafanana, saka musikana anogona kuverenga vhidhiyo shanduro yemitemo uye kushandiswa iyo kana isingatsigire mumwe chete, asi kana ikangoita, inodarika vendor version ne iyo chaiyo CSS mutongi.
Vafor Prefixes are Not a Hack
Apo vatengesi ve prefixes vakatanga kubudiswa, vashandi vakawanda vewebhu vakanetseka kana vakange vachivhiringidza kana kuti vadzokera kumashure emasikati ekutsvaga kero yewebhu yewebhu kuti vatsigire vasikana vakasiyana (rangarirai avo " Nzvimbo ino inoonekwa zvakanaka muIE " mharidzo). CSS vatengesi prefixes havasi hacks, zvisinei, uye iwe haufaniri kunge uine zvidzidzo pamusoro pekuvashandisa mubasa rako.
Kushandiswa kweCSS kunoshandisa zvikanganiso mukushandiswa kwechimwe chinhu kana chivako kuitira kuti imwe nzvimbo inoshanda zvakanaka. Semuenzaniso, bhokisi rekufananidzira rakashandisa zvikanganiso mukutarisa kwezwi-yemhuri pfuma kana kuti sei browsers inoratidzika kumashure (\). Asi izvi zvinoshandiswa kugadzirisa dambudziko rekushandurwa kweInternet Explorer 5.5 yebhokisi model uye kuti Netscape yakashandura sei, uye hazvina chokuita nehutano hwemhuri. Nenzira iyi idzi mbiri dzekare dzakabuda kare ndezvatisina hanya nazvo nemazuva ano.
Mufambiro wekutengesa haisi hack nokuti inobvumira kuti zvinyorwa zvigadzirise mitemo yekuti nzvimbo inogona kushandiswa sei, asi panguva imwechete ichibvumira vashandisi vashandisi kuti vashandise imba nenzira yakasiyana vasina kuputsa zvose. Uyezve, izvi zviri mberi zvinoshanda neCSS zvinhu izvo zvichazove chikamu chezvinyorwa . Tiri kungowedzera imwe kadhi kuitira kuti tive nekugona kusvika kune imwe nzvimbo kare. Ichi ndicho chimwe chikonzero nei iwe ukagumisa mutemo weCSS neyekugara, kwete-prefixed. Nenzira iyo iwe unogona kudonha mazai akafanirwa kare kana musikana wose wekutsigira wakagadzirirwa.
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Vafor Prefixes Vanokanganisa Asi Nguva Pfupi
Hongu, inogona kunzwa inoshungurudza uye ichidzokorora kuti inyore zvinhu 2-5 kuti zviitwe kuti zvishande pane vese vashandisi, asi ndezvenguva pfupi. Somuenzaniso, makore mashoma apfuura, kuisa kona yakakomberedza pabhokisi raunofanira kunyora:
-moz-border-radius: 10px 5px;
-webkit-muganhu-kumusoro-kuruboshwe-ruvara: 10px;
-webkit-border-top-right-radius: 5px;
-webkit-muganhu-pasi-right-radius: 10px;
-webkit-muganhu-pasi-kuruboshwe-ruvara: 5px;
border-radius: 10px 5px;
Asi ikozvino vashandisi vauya kuzotsigira zvizere izvi, iwe unongoda chete shanduro yakarongeka:
border-radius: 10px 5px;
Chrome yakatsigira zvinhu zveCSS3 kubva purogiramu 5.0, Firefox yakawedzera iri mu version 4.0, Safari yakaiwedzera muna 5.0, Opera muna 10.5, iOS in 4.0, uye Android mu 2.1. Kunyange Internet Explorer 9 inotsigira iyo isina chigadziko (uye IE 8 uye pasi haina kuitsigira nayo kana pasina prefixes).
Yeuka kuti mabhizimisi nguva dzose ari kuchinja uye nzira yekusika yekutsigira vashandisi vakwegura vachadikanwa kunze kwekunge uri kuronga pakuvaka mapeji ewebhu ari makore akatevera nzira dzemazuva ano. Pakupedzisira, kunyora prefixes browser kunowedzera nyore pane kuwana nekushandisa zvikanganiso zvingangodaro zvigadziriswa munguva yemberi, zvichida kuti iwe uwane imwe mhosho yekushandisa nekudaro.