Data Control Control (DCL)

GRANT, REVOKE uye DENY Database Permissions

Mutauro weData Control Control (DCL) ichinyorwa cheThe Structured Query Language (SQL) uye inobvumira vatungamiri vepa database kuti vagadzire kuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedzwa kune zvidzidzo zvehukama. Inogadzirisa Deta Definition Mutauro (DDL), iyo inoshandiswa kuwedzera uye kubvisa zvinhu zvemashoko, uye Dhiyabhorosi Rakashandura Mutauro (DML) rinoshandiswa kugadzirisa, kuisa, nekugadzirisa zviri mukati me database.

DCL ndiyo iri nyore pane SQL subsets , sezvo inosanganisira mitemo mitatu chete: GRANT, REVOKE, uye DENY. Yakabatanidzwa, mitemo mitatu iyi inopa vatungamiri vane unyanzvi hwokugadzirisa uye kubvisa zvivako zvemasvomhu mumutambo wakawanda kwazvo.

Kuwedzera Zvimvumo NeGUMA RUTA

Mutemo we GRANT unoshandiswa nevatungamiri kuwedzera mvumo matsva kumunhu we database . Iine syntax iri nyore, inotsanangurwa seyizvi:

GRANT [ropafadzo] ON ON [object] TO [user] [WITH GRANT OPTION]

Heino mhanje pane imwe neimwe yemiganhu iwe unogona kupa nemurairo uyu:

• Ropafadzo inogona kunge iri izwi guru ALL (kupa zvibvumirano zvakasiyana-siyana) kana chibvumirano chakasiyana chemasvomhu kana cheti yemvumo. Mienzaniso inosanganisira CREATE DATABASE, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, KUDZIDZA uye CREATE VIEW.
• Chinangwa chinogona kuva chero chinhu chinonyanya kushandiswa. Iko kodzero dzakasarudzwa dzinoshandiswa dzinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwebhuku raunonyanya kuisa mundima iyi. Kazhinji, chinhu ichocho chichava che database, basa, kuchengetedzwa , mafura kana maonero.
• Mushandisi anogona kuva chero mudzidzi wepa database. Iwe unogonawo kubvisa basa kumushandisi mundima iyi kana iwe uchida kushandiswa kwebato-based database kuchengetedza.
• Kana iwe ukasarudza zvaunogona kuita nechigwaro cheGENYU CHOKUTAURWA pamagumo ekurayira, hausi kupa chete mushumiri anotsanangurwa zvibvumirano zvinorondedzerwa mushoko reSQL asiwo kupa mukana wekupa mvumo imwechete kune vamwe vashandisi vepa database. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, shandisa iri gwaro rine hanya.

Somuenzaniso, fungidzira unoshuva kupa mudzidzi Joe kukwanisa kuwana mashoko kubva kuvashandi vebasa mune imwe database inonzi HR. Iwe unogona kushandisa sarudzo inotevera yeSQL:

KUDZISA KUCHA PAHUR.employees TO Joe

Joe ava iye zvino ave nekwanisi yekuwanazve mashoko kubva kuvashandi vepafura. Zvisinei, haazokwanisi kupa vamwe vashandi mvumo yekuwanazve mashoko kubva patafura iyo nokuti hauna kuisanganisira SHOKO ROKUDZIDZISA muchirevo cheBANTU statement.

Revoking Database Access

Mutemo REVOKE unoshandiswa kubvisa kuwanikwa kwemasvomhu kubva kumushandi wekare akapiwa rusununguko rwakadaro. Izwi rechirevo chemurairo uyu rinotsanangurwa sezvinotevera:

Dzokorora [BASA ROKUDZISA] [chibvumirano] ON [chinhu] FROM [user] [CASCADE]

Heino mhepo pamiganhu yemirayiro REVOKE:

• Chibvumirano chinotsanangura zvibvumirano zvepa database kuti ubvise kubva kumunhu akawanikwa. Murairo unobvumira zvose zvinonzi GRANT uye DENY zvakaitwa kare nekuda kwemvumo yakanzwisisika.
• Chinangwa chinogona kuva chero chinhu chinonyanya kushandiswa. Iko kodzero dzakasarudzwa dzinoshandiswa dzinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwebhuku raunonyanya kuisa mundima iyi. Kazhinji, chinhu ichocho chichava che database, basa, kuchengetedzwa, mafura kana maonero.
• Mushandisi anogona kuva chero mudzidzi wepa database. Iwe unogonawo kubvisa basa kumushandisi mundima iyi kana iwe uchida kushandiswa kwebato-based database kuchengetedza.
• ICHOKWADI KUNYANYA Kushandiswa kwechikamu chinobvisa kukwanisa komusanangudzo kunotsanangura kupa mvumo kune vamwe vashandisi. Cherechedza : Kana iwe ukasarudza KUDZIDZWA KWEMAGWARO munyaya ye REVOKE, mvumo yekutanga haibvumi . Iri gwaro rinoshandura chete kupa simba.
• Nzira yeCASCADE inodzoserawo mvumo yakananga kubva kune chero vashandisi iyo iyo yakasarudzwa yakashandisa mvumo.

Semuenzaniso, murairo unotevera unobvumira mvumo yakapiwa Joe mumuenzaniso wapfuura:

Dzokorora CHISARUDZA PAIH.employees KUBVA Joe

Zvinodaro Denying Database Access

Mutemo weDENY unoshandiswa kunyatsodzivirira mushandi kugamuchira mvumo yakasiyana. Izvi zvinobatsira kana musikana ari nhengo yebato kana boka rakapiwa mvumo, uye unoda kudzivirira munhu akadaro mumwe munhu kuti atore mvumo kuburikidza nekuumba zvakasiyana. Izwi rechirevo chemurairo uyu ndotevera:

DONY [mvumo] ONI [chinhu] TO [user]

Mitsara yemirairo yeDENY yakafanana kune iyo inoshandiswa mutemo we GRANT.

Somuenzaniso, kana iwe uchida kuve nechokwadi kuti Mateo haazogoni kuwana ruzivo rwekubvisa ruzivo kubva kune tafura yevashandi, bvisa murairo unotevera:

DONESA KUVARIRA KUHUR.employees KUMATEU