Hello World - Your First Raspberry Pi Project

Inzwi rakatsetseka kushandisa Python neRaspberry Pi

Paunenge uchangobva kuRaspberry Pi zvinogona kunge zvichiedzawo kuedza nekusvetuka zvakananga mumapurojekiti akakwezva iwe kune imwe nzvimbo pakutanga.

Robots, sensors, mimhanzi yemimhanzi uye mishonga yakadaro inoshandiswa zvikuru muRispberry Pi, asi haisi yekutanga kwakanakisisa kune mumwe munhu mutsva kuchigadzirwa. Munyika inofanirwa, iwe unofanirwa kuve nechinangwa chekudzidza zvinyorwa izvi usati waita basa iri rakaoma.

Kana iwe zvakare mutsva kuLinux inogona kunge iri yakanyanya kukudzidzira kuronga, saka zvakanakisa kutanga nemishonga iri nyore kuti uzvizive nenzira iyo Python inoshandisa, uye zvino kuvaka pane ruzivo irworwo.

Mutsanangudzo Hunyoro

Chimwe chezvinhu zvakajairika kutanga mapurogiramu ePaspberry Pi ndezvokudhinda zvinyorwa "Hello World", zvichienda kumugumo wechinyorwa kana script kana kuti kushandisa IDLE Python yekusimudzira nzvimbo.

Zvingaita sekutanga kunotyisa, asi zvinokupa sumo iri nyore uye yakakodzera yePython - uye irowo basa raunenge uchishandisa mujenya mumapurogiramu ako emangwana.

Ngatitangei kupfurikidza nekusiyana kwakasiyana kwechidzidzo chetsika kunyatsotsvaga mano edu ekugadzira ne Raspberry Pi. Tichave tichishandisa python scripts panzvimbo yeDLE, sezvo ndiyo nzira yangu yakasarudzwa.

Hello World

Ngatitangei pakutanga kwekutanga kudhindwa kwemashoko "hello world".

Kana uchinge wapinda muchitambo chechigarire, pinda murairo uri pasi apa kuti ugadzire chinyorwa chinonzi 'helloworld.py'.

sudo nano helloworld.py

Nano ndiyo mharidzo yemutauro watinenge tichishandisa, uye 'py' ndiyo inowedzera faira yePython scripts.

Isu tinoshandisa sudo (iyo inomiririra kuti 'guru-guru') pakutanga iyo inomhanya murairo semukuru. Iwe hausi nguva dzose yekushandisa izvi, uye zvinogona kuva nengozi mumaoko asina kururama nemirairo isina kururama, asi ini ndinowanzoti shandise semuitiro zvino.

Uyu murairo uchazarura gwaro idzva risina chinhu. Isa mutsara iri pasi apa iyo ichanyora izwi rokuti "hello nyika" apo faira iri kumhanya:

shandura ("hello nyika")

Kana wapinda, chura Ctrl + X uye wobva warova 'Y' kuti uchengete faira. Iyo terminal ichakukumbira kuti uchengetedze kupinda kuti uchengetedze faira nezita rakananga refaira, saka enda mberi uye hit the key key. Iwe wakangotanga yako yePython yekutanga yefaira!

Iwe zvino uchange udzoka zvakare mumutara. Kuti tishandise script yedu itsva, tinoshandisa murairo uri pasi apa:

sudo python helloworld.py

Izvi zvichinyora "Nyika yeHermo" uye vovhara script, tichisiya isu nerekushandisa kuti tishandise zvakare.

Savo Zvino Nyika

Nguva yekukwira gear. Uyu muenzaniso uchadhinda shoko rokuti "hello" pane imwe mutsara, uye "nyika" pane inotevera. Izvi zvichawedzera mutsva mutsva kuFython yedu yefaira, asi ichiri pamwero wakareruka.

Tanga faira itsva uchishandisa murairo uri pasi apa:

sudo nano hellothenworld.py

Zvakare izvi izvi zvichazarura shanduro isina chinhu. Ita zvinotevera:

shandura ("hello") shandura ("nyika")

Zvakare shandisa Ctrl + X kuti ubudise uye uchengetedze, uye kuomesa 'Y' uye 'kupinda' paunokurudzirwa.

Runza script nemurairo unotevera:

sudo python hellothenworld.py

Izvi zvichinyora "hello" pane imwe mutsara, "nyika" pamutsara unotevera, wovhara script.

Sawa World, Goodbye World

Kushandisa zvataidzidza mumuenzaniso wekare, ngatishandure zvinhu kuitira kuti tiiti "hello world" uye "nyika yakanaka" nguva dzose kusvikira tauudza kuti tirege.

Iwe wakadzidza kugadzira uye kushandisa mafaira kuitira kuti tifunge pamusoro pemirayiridzo iyi panguva ino.

Ita faira itsva inonzi hellogoodbye.py uye uizarure mu nano. Ita zvinotevera:

kutora nguva kuverengwa = 1 panguva yeChokwadi: kana kuverengwa == 1: kudhinda ("hello nyika") kuverengerwa = kuverengwa -1 nguva.vete (1) elif count == 0: print ("nyika yakanaka") count = count +1 nguva.vete (1)

Takataurira mazano mashomanana apa:

• Tumira : Mutsetse wokutora unounza nguva yemutambo inotibvumira kukumbira faira kumirira kwekanguva kwatinotsanangura. Tinoita izvi ne 'nguva.vete (1)' gare gare mune faira.
• Nhamba : Mutsara wekuverenga unotsanangura kushanduka, iyo inongova nzira yekuchengeta kukosha uye kuipa zita. Tinotanga izvi pa '1' zvatichazojekesa zvakare.
• Panguva iyo : Isu tave tashandisa nguva yakareba. Sezvo zita rinoratidzira, izvi 'zvinosunga' code yedu 'apo' mamiriro ezvinhu ndeechokwadi. Muchiitiko ichi, isu tiri kushandisa 'panguva yeChokwadi' iyo inongoreva kuti ichange ichimhanya nekusingaperi kusvikira taigadzirisa.
• Kana zvichitaura : Mukati medu panguva ino tambo tine zvinyorwa zve 'kana' zvataurwa. Mutsara wekutanga unoti "kana kuverenga ichinyanya 1, ramba uchiteerera huwandu huri pasi apa". Kunyanya kunokosha muPython nokuda kwemabasa akadai.

Kana iyi yakagadzirwa nemitemo inotanga, ichadhinda "hello nyika" uye ichishandura 'count' yedu inoshandiswa ne -1. Icho chizobva chamirira chechipiri ne 'nguva.vete (1)' isati yasvika mabhasikoro kudzokera kune 'panguva ino' kutamba zvakare.

Mutsara wechipiri 'kana' unoita basa rakafanana asi rinongomhanya kana 'kuverenga' iri chete. Iyo ichadhinda "nyika yakanaka" uye iwedzera 1 ku'verenga '. Imwe zvakare ichamirira kwechipiri isati yashanyira 'nguva iyo' zvakare.

Tariro, iwe unogona kuona zvino kuti 'count' inotanga sei pa1 uye icharamba ichienderera mberi pakati pe1 ne0, kunyora zvinyorwa zvakasiyana nguva imwe neimwe.

Runza script uone iwe! Kuti umise script, tongobata Ctrl + C.

Nhasi Nyika 100 Times

Zvakadini nekudzokorora zvinyorwa zvedu zvinyorwa zvenguva diki chete, zvakangoerekana zvaitika? Izvi zvinowanikwa kuburikidza nekushandisa kuverenga mukati mechinguva chiduku zvakare, asi kuchinja maitiro atinoita nayo.

Gadzira imwe faira itsva, ipe zita, uye nyora mavara pasi apa:

kutora nguva kuverengwa = 1 panguva yeChokwadi: kana kuverengwa <= 10: kudhinda ("hello nyika"), kuverengwa = = 1 +1 nguva.vete (1) elif count == 11: siya ()

Pano tave tashandisa '<=' mukutanga 'kana' zvinyorwa zvinoreva 'zvishoma kana zvakaenzana'. Kana nhamba yacho isiri kudarika kana yakaenzana ne10, code yedu ichadhinda "hello nyika".

Inotevera 'kana' tsanangudzo inotarisa nhamba 11 chete, uye kana nhamba iri pa11 ichashandisa murairo we "quit ()" unovhara script.

Edza faira kuti uzvione iwe pachako.

Over To You

Aya maitiro anoratidza iwe dzimwe nzira dzinokosha dzekushandisa kodeji, asi iyo ndiyo nheyo yeheyo yekudzidza kuti vese vashandisi vemaRaspberry Pi nePython vanofanira kutanga vachinge vachinge vachinge vafambisa.

Kana iwe usina kuchiwana iko, tarisa About.com yakazvitsaurira Python site kuti udzidze zvakawanda pamusoro peiyo inyanzvi yekutaura.

Tichavhara mienzaniso yakawanda yekodha mumashoko ehupenyu nemapurojekiti, ramba uchigadzirisa!