01 ye 09
Mharidzo yeRispberry Pi's Pins
Izwi rokuti 'GPIO' (General Purpose Input Output) harisi rega raRippberry Pi. Input uye zvakabuda pini zvinogona kuwanikwa pane microcontrollers dzakawanda seArduino, Beaglebone nezvimwe.
Apo patinotaura pamusoro peGPIO neRaspberry Pi, tiri kutaurira kune refu yakavhara pini pamucheto wepamusoro-kuruboshwe bhodhi. Vakuru vemuenzaniso vakange vane mapepa 26, zvisinei, vazhinji vedu tichave tichishandisa muenzaniso wezvino pamwe ne40.
Iwe unogona kuunganidza zvinhu uye mamwe madivayiri eparerediti kune idzi pini, uye shandisa code kuti uchengete zvavanoita. Icho chikamu chinokosha che Raspberry Pi uye nzira yakanakisisa yekudzidza nezvemagetsi.
Pashure pezvishoma mapurogiramu epurogiramu, iwe unogona kuzviwana uchiedza nemapini aya, uchida kusanganisa code yako ne hardware kuita kuti zvinhu zviitike mu 'hupenyu hwechokwadi'.
Izvi zvinogona kutyisidzira kana iwe uri mutsva pachiitiko, uye uchifunga kuti kumwe chete kwenhema kunogona kukanganisa Raspberry yako Pi, zvinonzwisisika kuti inzvimbo yekutya yevatangi vekuongorora.
Ichi chinyorwa chichajekesa kuti rudzi rwepi rweGPIO pin runoita uye kukwana kwavo.
02 of 09
The GPIO
Chokutanga, ngatitarisei GPIO sezvose. Iyo pini inogona kutarisa yakafanana asi iyo yose ine mabasa akasiyana. Mufananidzo uyu uri pamusoro apa unoratidzira mabasa aya mumarudzi akasiyana-siyana atinotsanangura mumatanho anotevera.
Pini imwe neimwe inoverengwa kubva pa1 kusvika ku40 ichibva pazasi kwezasi. Aya ndiwo manhamba emapini, zvisinei, panewo magwaro ekuverengera / ekuisa mabhuku akadai se 'BCM' anoshandiswa pakunyorera kadhi.
03 of 09
Simba & Ground
Yakasvibiswa mutsvuku, mapepa emagetsi anonzi '3' kana '5' ane 3.3V kana 5V.
Iyi pini inokubvumira kuti utumire zvakananga simba kune chigadziro kunze kwekudikanwa kwekodhi chero. Hapana nzira yekutendeudza izvi kana.
Pane 2 simba rairi - 3.3 volts uye 5 volts. Maererano nenyaya ino, hurairi ye3.3V inongodarika 50mA yemauto ino, asi railway yeVV 5 inogona kupa chero chipi chezvino chakasara kubva pane simba rako mushure mokunge Pi atora zvaanoda.
Yakasvibiswa bhuruni ndiwo maphini pasi (GND). Aya mapepa ndiyo chaizvoizvo zvavanotaura - mapepa epasi - ayo ari chikamu chinokosha chepi zvese magetsi.
(5V GPIO pini nhamba dzemuviri 2 uye 4. 3.3V GPIO pini nhamba dzemuviri 1 uye 17. Ground GPIO pini nhamba dzenyama 6, 9, 14, 20, 25, 30, 34 uye 39)
04 of 09
Input / Output Pins
Iko miti yakasvibirira ndiyo yandinoti 'generic' inopinza / pini pini. Izvi zvinogona kushandiswa nyore nyore sezvipimo kana zvipfeko pasina zvinonetsa pamusoro pekukwirirana nemamwe mabasa akaita seI2C, SPI kana UART.
Aya ndiwo mapepa anogona kutumira simba kune LED, buzzer, kana zvimwe zvikamu, kana kushandiswa senzira yekuverenga masero, kushanduka kana imwe svondo yekupinza.
Izvo zvinokonzera simba yezvipini zvinokwana 3.3V. Pini imwe neimwe haifaniri kudarika 16mA yezvino, kana kunyura kana kuvhara, uye iyo yose yeGPIO pini haifaniri kudarika kupfuura 50mA panguva ipi zvayo. Izvi zvinogona kugadzirisa, kuitira kuti iwe unogona kuve nekugadzira mune dzimwe mishonga.
(Generic GPIO pini nhamba dzepanyama 7, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 22, 29, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38 uye 40)
05 of 09
I2C Pins
Muchizha, tine mapepa eI2C. I2C inzira yekukurukurirana iyo nemashoko ari nyore anobvumira madivayiri kuti ataurirane neRispberry Pi. Iyi pini inogona kushandiswa se "generic" GPIO pin.
Muenzaniso wakanaka wekushandisa I2C ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa MCP23017 port expander chip, iyo inogona kukupa mamwe mapiritsi ekupinza / akabuda kuburikidza neiyo protocol ye I2C.
(I2C GPIO pini ndeye pini nhamba nhamba 3 ne5)
06 of 09
UART (Serial) mapepa
Muchena, iyo mifananidzo yeUART. Iyi pini ndeimwe nzira yekukurukurirana iyo inopa serial connections, uye inogona kushandiswa se "generic" GPIO maitiro / zvipo zvakare.
Kushandiswa kwandinofarira kweUART ndechokugonesa serial connection kubva paPi yangu kuenda kune yangu laptop pane USB. Izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekuwedzera-pamapuranga kana tambo dzisiri nyore uye kunobvisa kukosha kwekona kana kuti internet connection kuti uwane Pi yako.
(UART GPIO mapepa ane pini nhamba nhamba 8 uye 10)
07 of 09
SPI pamata
Mu pink , tine mapepa eSSPI. SPI ibhizinesi yebhasi iyo inotumira dheusi pakati pePi nemamwe hardware / pipiperi. Inowanzoshandiswa pakuchengetedza zvigadzirwa zvakadai sechivako che LED kana kuratidza.
Kufanana nevamwe, idzi pini dzinogona kushandiswa se "generic" GPIO maitiro / zvipo zvakare.
(SPI GPIO pini ndiyo mapepa emakona 19, 21, 23, 24 uye 26)
08 of 09
DNC Pins
Pakupedzisira mapepa maviri mubhuruu ayo, ikozvino, akanyorwa seDNC iyo inomiririra 'Usataurirana'. Izvi zvinogona kuchinja mune ramangwana kana Raspberry Pi Foundation ichichinja mapuraneti / software.
(DNC GPIO mapepa ndiwo mapepa emapini 27 uye 28)
09 of 09
GPIO Kokorodzano Dhamba
Paunonyora neGPIO, unosarudza kuisa mabhuku eGPIO mune imwe nzira mbiri - BCM kana BOARD.
Izvo zvandinosarudza ndiGPIO BCM. Uyu ndiwo gungano reWatchcom rekuverenga uye ndinoona kuti rinoshandiswa kakawanda pamapurojekiti uye hardware add-ons.
Chinhu chechipiri ndechokuti GPIO BOARD. Iyi nzira inoshandisa nhamba dzepini pachokwadi, iyo inobatsira kana kuverenga pini, asi iwe uchaiwana yakashandiswa zvishomanana mumuenzaniso wepurojekiti.
Iyo GPIO mode inotariswa kana inotumira mabhuku eGPIO:
Kunyoresa se BCM:
import RPi.GPIO seGPIO GPIO.setmode (GPIO.BCM)Kuda kupinda seBhodi:
import RPi.GPIO seGPIO GPIO.setmode (GPIO.BOARD)Nzira mbiri idzi idzi dzinoita basa rakafanana, inongova nyaya yekuverenga.
Ndinogara ndichishandisa mapepa ebhidhiyo ane mazano akadai seRaPiO Portsplus (inofanirwa) kutarisa mapepa andinobatanidza nhare zvakare. Chimwe chikamu chinoratidza kokorodzano yeBBCM, imwe inoratidza BHARD - saka iwe unobatanidzwa chero basa raunowana.