Nhungamiro ye internet protocol adress classes, kuparidzirwa, uye mizhinji
IP classes dzinoshandiswa kubatsira mukupa IP mazita kumataiti ane zvakasiyana-siyana zvinodiwa. I IPv4 IP kero yekamba inogona kugoverwa mumakirasi mashanu ekero anonzi Chikoro A, B, C, D, uye E.
Iga yega IP class inosanganisira subsetting subset of the general IPv4 address range. Chimwe chekirasi yakachengetwa chete nematarenda akawanda, iyo iyo inotengeswa nedhina apo pane imwe kombiyuta inotaurirwa mashoko panguva imwe chete.
IP Address Classes uye Numbering
Iko maitiro emakona ekupedzisira ekupedzisira mana e IPv4 address anotarisa kirasi yacho. Semuenzaniso, dzose dzeChikoro C dzine zvigaro zvekunze zvitatu zvakasarudzwa kusvika 110 , asi imwe neimwe yezvisungo 29 inogona kuiswa kune 0 kana 1 yakazvimiririra (inomiririrwa ne x mune zvinyorwa zvishoma):
110xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxKuchinja pamusoro apa kuti uwane dotted decimal, zvinotevera kuti dzose dzeChikoro C dzinowira mukati ma192.0.0.0 kusvika 223.255.255.255.
Tafura iri pasi apa inotsanangura maikirwo e-IP uye mazera ekirasi rimwe nerimwe. Cherechedza kuti imwe nzvimbo yeIndaneti inzvimbo yakabviswa kubva muChikoro E nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasarudzwa sezvinotsanangurwa zvakare pasi apa.
| Chikoro | Kuruboshwe kubhiti | Kutanga kweRange | Mugumo weRange | Zvose mazita |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 0xxx | 0.0.0.0 | 127.255.255.255 | 2 147 483 648 |
| B | 10xx | 128.0.0.0 | 191.255.255.255 | 1,073 741 824 |
| C | 110x | 192.0.0.0 | 223.255.255.255 | 536 870 912 |
| D | 1110 | 224.0.0.0 | 239.255.255.255 | 268 425 456 |
| E | 1111 | 240.0.0.0 | 254.255.255.255 | 268 425 456 |
IP Address Class E uye Limited Broadcast
Iyo IPv4 networking standard inotsanangura maChirat E E akachengeterwa , zvichireva kuti haafaniri kushandiswa paIndaneti. Mamwe masangano ekutsvakurudza anoshandisa Kirasi E mazita ezvinangwa zvekuedza. Zvisinei, zvishandiso zvinoedza kushandisa maateresi aya paIndaneti hazvichakwanisi kutaura zvakanaka.
Imwe kero yeP IP kero inoshandiswa nehuwandu yehudhi yehudhi 255.255.255.255. A network network broadcast inosanganisira kutumira shoko kubva kune mumwe mutumi kune vakawanda vanogamuchira. Vatumi vanotaurira IP kuparidzirwa ku 255.255.255.255 kuratidza dzimwe node dzose panzvimbo yekwangwani (LAN) inofanira kutora shoko iroro. Iri kuparidzirwa "rakaderera" pakuti haritauri nhamba imwe neimwe paIndaneti; nodes chete paLAN.
Internet Protocol inonyatsochengetedza huwandu hweateri kubva ku 255.0.0.0 kusvika 255.255.255.255 pakuparidzirwa, uye urwu haufaniri kuonekwa sechikamu chetsika yakakwana yeChikoro E.
IP Address Class D uye Multicast
Iyo IPv4 networking standard inotsanangura maDhesi D Dhesi seyakachengeterwa ma multiticast. Multicast inogadziriswa muInternet Protocol yekutsanangurira mapoka emakambani ekugadzirisa uye kutumira mharidzo chete kune boka iroro panzvimbo pezvinhu zvose paLAN (kuparidzirwa) kana imwe imwe node (unicast).
Multicast inonyanya kushandiswa pamapurogiramu ekutsvakurudza. Sezvakaitwa neChikoro E, Dhidha D aderesi haifaniri kushandiswa node dzese dzepaIndaneti.