Tsanangudzo yeP IP kero uye nei makombiyuta ose uye zvigadziri zvinoda imwe
Inzvimbo yeIndaneti, pfupi yeInternet Protocol address, iyo inoratidza nhamba yechinhu chekubatisa hardware . Kuva nekombiyuta yePI kunobvumira chigadziro chekutaurirana nemamwe mafaira pamusoro pe IP-based network seyo internet.
Yakawanda kero dze IP dzinoita seizvi:
151.101.65.121Mamwe maI IP mazita aungangosangana nawo anogona kutarisa zvakadai seizvi:
2001: 4860: 4860 :: 8844Kune zvakawanda zvakawanda pane izvo kusiyana uko kunorevei mu IP Versions (IPv4 vs IPv6) chikamu chiri pasi apa.
Chii Chinonzi Inzvimbo yeIndaneti Inoshandiswa?
An IP kero inopa huzivi kune imwe nhare yakabatana. Kufanana nekamba yemusha kana bhizinesi rinopa nzvimbo chaiyo yekona nekero inozivikanwa, zvishandiso zviri mumutambo zvakasiyana kubva kune imwe neIndaneti.
Kana ndiri kuenda kutumira mapepa kune shamwari yangu kune imwe nyika, ndinofanira kuziva nzvimbo chaiyo. Hazvina kukwana kungoisa pepa nezita rake pairi kuburikidza nemeyili uye kutarisira kuti ifike kwaari. Ndinofanira kunge ndakanyora kero yakananga kwairi, yaunogona kuita nekuitarisa mubhuku refoni.
Izvozvi zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa pakutumira dhenda pamusoro peInternet. Zvisinei, panzvimbo yekushandisa bhuku refoni kuti utarise zita reumwe munhu kuti uwane kero yavo yepanyika, kombiyuta yako inoshandisa mavhareji eDNS kutarisa zita reimba kuti riwane kero yake ye IP.
Somuenzaniso, pandinopinda webhusaiti se www. pane yangu browser, chikumbiro changu chekutumira peji iyoyo chinotumirwa kumaseva eDNS anotarisa iyo hostname () kuti awane iyo yakaenderana neIndaneti (151.101.65.121). Pasina kero yeIndaneti, kombiyuta yangu haizombozivi kuti ndeyei mushure mangu.
Mhando dzakasiyana dzeP Address Address
Kunyange kana iwe wakanzwa nezveI IP mazita kare, iwe ungasaziva kuti kune marudzi akasiyana eIndaneti. Kunyange zvazvo dzose kero dzeP IP dzakaumbwa nenhamba kana tsamba, kwete dzose adhiresi zvinoshandiswa nokuda kwechinangwa chimwe chete.
Iko kune peji IP mazita , peji IP addresses , static IP maadri , uye simba re IP mazita . Izvozvo zvakasiyana-siyana! Kutevera zvibatanidza zvichakupa ruzivo rwakanyanya pane zvavanoreva. Kuti uwedzere kuoma kunzwisisa, rudzi rumwe rwe IP kero rinogona kunge iri IPv4 kero kana IPv6 address-zvakare, zvimwe pane izvi pasi peji rino.
Muchidimbu, kero yepaI yega yega inoshandiswa "mukati" mutevedzeri, seyo iwe unogona kunge uchimhanya kumba. Aya marudzi eIndaneti anoshandiswa kupa nzira yekuti madivayiri ako ataure ne router yako nemamwe maikirwe ari munhare yako yega. Pamwe pikombi ye IP inogona kugadzirirwa manyore kana kupiwa zvakananga ne router yako.
Pakombiyuta yeIndaneti inoshandiswa pane "kunze" yeunhare yako uye inopiwa neSP yako. Ndiyo kero huru iyo musha wako kana bhenji rebhizimisi rinoshandisa kutaura nemamwe maikirwe akabatanidzwa pasi pose (kureva internet). Inopa nzira yezvigadziri mumba mako, somuenzaniso, kusvika paIPI yako, uye naizvozvo nyika yekunze, ichivabvumira kuita zvinhu zvakadai sekutsvaga mawebhusayithi uye kutaura zvakananga nemamwe makombiyuta evanhu.
Zvose mbiri dzep IP mapikisi uye mapikicha evanhu veIndaneti zvinoshandiswa kana zvakasimba, izvo zvinoreva kuti, maererano, zvinoshanduka kana kuti hazvisi.
Inzvimbo yeI IP iyo inopiwa neDHCP server iyo inoshandisa kero ye IP. Kana chigadzirwa chisina DHCP chichibvumirwa kana kuti chisingatsigire iyo pikisi yePI inofanira kugoverwa pamunhu, pakadaro iyo IP inonzi inonzi static IP address.
Nzira Yokuwana Nayo IP Address Yako
Zvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana uye maitiro anoshanda zvinoda matanho akasiyana-siyana kuwana kero ye IP. Panewo matanho akasiyana-siyana kutora kana uri kutsvaga kero yepachena yePI inopiwa kwauri neIPP yako, kana iwe uchida kuona iyo pamba ye IP iyo router yako yapihwa.
Public IP Address
Pane nzira dzakawanda dzekuwana router yako yepadhi yepachena yevanhu asi nzvimbo dzakadai se IP Chicken, WhatsMyIP.org, kana WhatIsMyIPAddress.com dzinoita izvi zvakanyanya nyore. Aya mawebsite anobata pane chero ruzivo rwakabatana-runotsigira web browser, sa smartphone yako, iPod, laptop, desktop, tablet , nezvimwewo.
Kuwana peji yePI yega yega yezvinhu zvaunenge uripo hazvisi nyore.
Private IP Address
MuWindows, unogona kuwana kero ye IP yako yedhiyo kuburikidza neLa Command Prompt , uchishandisa command ipconfig .
Zano: Ona Sei Ndingawana Yangu Yakashata Gateway IP Address? kana iwe uchida kuwana IP kero ye router yako, kana chero ipi zvayo inoshandiswa nemuterevhiti yako kuti iwane internet yevanhu vose.
Vashandi veLinux vanogona kutumira firati yekugadzirisa uye vauya mutemo wemubati wezita -I (iyo ihuru "i"), ifconfig , kana ip addr kuratidza .
Pamusoro pe macOS, shandisai murayiro kanaconfig kuti uwane kero yako yeIndaneti.
iPhone, iPad, uye iPod touch device dzinoratidza pamba yavo yepache yepachena kuburikidza neIndaneti yeApps mu Wi-Fi menu. Kuti uzvione, tongobata duku "I" bhatani riri pedo neyo network iyo yakabatanidzwa.
Unogona kuona iyo yero IP yekombiyuta yeAroid device kuburikidza neMitambo> Wi-Fi , kana kuburikidza neMitambo> Wireless Controls> Wi-Fi settings mune dzimwe shanduro dzeAroid. Tongai purogiramu yauri kuenda kuona firiji itsva inoratidza ruzivo rwehutano runosanganisira pamba yepachena yePI.
IP Versions (IPv4 vs IPv6)
Pane maBhaibheri maviri eP: IPv4 uye IPv6 . Kana iwe wakanzwa nezvemashoko aya, zvichida unoziva kuti yekare ndiyo yakwegura, uye ikozvino yakapera nguva, shanduro apo IPv6 ndiyo inovandudzwa IP version.
Chimwe chikonzero IPv6 iri kutora IPv4 ndechokuti inogona kupa nhamba yakawanda ye IP mazita pane IPv4 inobvumira. Nezvose zvese zvatagara tichibatanidza neInternet, zvakakosha kuti pane kero yakasiyana inowanikwa kune umwe neumwe wavo.
Nzira iyo IPv4 matarenda akavakirwa zvinoreva kuti inokwanisa kupa zviyero zvinopfuura 4 mabhiriyoni e-IP aderesi (2 32 ). Nepo iyi iri nhamba yakawanda kwazvo yeateresi, hazvingokwaniki kunyika yemazuva ano nemichina yose yakasiyana-siyana vanhu vari kushandisa paIndaneti.
Funga nezvazvo-kune vanhu vanoverengeka mabhiriyoni pasi pano. Kunyangwe dai munhu wese ari panyika aine chinhu chimwe chete chavakashandisa kuwana internet, IPv4 ingadai isina kukwana kupa IP kero yevose.
IPv6, kune rumwe rutivi, inotsigira 340 trillion, trillion, trillion addresses (2 128 ). Ndiyo 340 ine zero 12! Izvi zvinoreva kuti munhu wose pasi pano aigona kubatanidza mabhiriyoni emagetsi kuIndaneti. Ichokwadi, chiduku chechikwereti, asi unogona kuona kuti IPv6 inogadzirisa sei dambudziko iri.
Kufungidzira izvi kunobatsira kunzwisisa kuti vangani maIndaneti maI IPv6 addressing scheme inotendera pamusoro pePv4. Kuzviti sampampu yekupa chitupa inogona kupa nzvimbo yakakwana yekubata imwe neimwe IPv4 kero. IPv6, zvino, kuti iwedzere, ingada iyo yose solar system kuti iine zvose zvayo maatero.
Mukuwedzera kune zvakanyanya kuwanika kweIndaneti pamusana pe IPv4, IPv6 ine huwandu hwekuwedzera kwekombiyuta yePI kukanganiswa kunokonzerwa nedzivanze dzega, auto-configuration, pasina chikonzero che Network Network Translation (NAT) , nzira inoshanda yakawanda, kutonga nyore, yakavakwa -kuvimbika, uye nezvimwe.
IPv4 inoratidza mazita se 32-bit nhamba ye nhamba yakanyorwa mu decimal format, kufanana 207.241.148.80 kana 192.168.1.1. Nemhaka yokuti kune matriyoni emabhadharo ePv6 aderesi, dzinofanirwa kunyorwa muhexadecimal kuti dziratidze, kufanana nefifa: 1900: 4545: 3: 200: f8ff: fe21: 67cf.