Radiyo inogona kuita semashiripiti, asi chaizvoizvo zviri nyore chaizvo kunzwisisa
Zvose kazhinji, vamwe vedu tinokura nekuziva kuti AM / FM inotanga kunzwa semashiripiti akachena. Paunoshandura paredhiyo, unogona kunzwa mimhanzi, inzwi, kana chero humwe ruvaraidzo rwemhanzi runoparadzirwa kubva kune imwe nzvimbo ine mazana-kana kunyange zviuru-kubva makiromita kure! Zvinosuruvarisa, hazvisi zvemashiripiti. Kutaura zvazviri, redhiyo kugamuchirwa zvakajeka chaizvo kana iwe uchingodonhedzera kuti mafungu eredhiyo anogadzirwa sei uye anoparadzirwa.
Chii Chinonzi Radio Waves?
Iwe unogona kunge uchiziva AM, iyo inomirira Amplitude Modulation , uye FM, iyo inomirira Frequency Modulation . Zvose AM uye FM furogiramu yemavhidhiyo inoparadzirwa pamusoro pemhepo kuburikidza nemafungu eredhiyo, ayo ari chikamu chemazana akawanda emagetsi emagetsi anosanganisira: gamma rays, x-ray, ray ray, chiedza chinooneka, infrared, uye microwave. Mafungu emagetsi anoshamwaridzana nesu kwose kwose munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana. Mafunguro eredhiyo anoratidza zvinhu zvakafanana kune mavhenekera (eg, kufungisisa, kuisa pfungwa, kuparadzanisa, kukanganisa), asi kune huwandu hwemaziso edu asingafungi.
Mavhiri emagetsi anokonzerwa nokushandura ikozvino (AC), iyo ndiyo magetsi emagetsi anoshandiswa kumhanya zvakanaka kwazvo zvishandiso zvose uye / kana teknolojia mumisha yedu nekurarama-kubva pakushambidza makera kusvika kuterevhizheni kumafoni edu. MuUnited States, ikozvino kuchinja kunoshanda pa 120 volts pa 60 Hz. Izvi zvinoreva kuti ikozvino kushandura (kuchinja mutungamiri) mumatare makumi matanhatu pechipiri. Dzimwe nyika dzinoshandisa 50 Hz seyero. Kunyange zvazvo zvose makumi mashanu nemakumi matanhatu nemakumi matanhatu nemakumi matanhatu nemakumi matanhatu nemashanu (60 Hz) zvichionekwa sezvishoma zvishoma, mazamu anoenderera mberi achiri kuwedzera huwandu hwemagetsi emagetsi (EMR). Izvi zvinoreva kuti mamwe emagetsi emagetsi anopukunyuka tambo uye anotapurirwa mumhepo. Iyo inowedzera huwandu hwemagetsi, iyo inowedzera simba inogona kupukunyuka foni kuenda munzvimbo yakazaruka. Nokudaro, magetsi emagetsi anokwanisa kurondedzerwa zvisina kufanana se 'magetsi mumhepo'.
Izwi Rokufananidza
Umagetsi mumhepo hausi chinhu kunze kwekunzwa rwiyo. Kuti zvive zviratidzo zvinobatsira zvinotumira ruzivo (mimhanzi kana inzwi) inofanira kutanga inotungidzirwa, uye kuenzanisa kwechikonzero ndicho chikonzero cheMAM uye FM zviratidzo zveredhiyo. Ndiyo nzira iyo AM uye FM yakatanga, sezvo AM inomirira amplitude modulation uye FM inomiririra kutengesa modulation.
Imwe shoko rinoreva kushandiswa kwemagetsi kuchinja. Mazai emagetsi anoshandiswa mumagetsi anofanira kuenzaniswa kana kuchinjwa kuitira kuti ave shanduro sekutengesa redhiyo. Pasina kuongororwa, hapana ruzivo rwaizoendeswa nehutachiona cheredhiyo. Kuenzanisa-shanduka chinhu chakareruka kunzwisisa, kunyanya sezvo zvakatipoteredza. Nzwisiso yedu yekuratidzwa muenzaniso wakanaka kurondedzera kushandiswa kwemagetsi. Iwe unogona kuva nechigamba chisina chinhu muruoko rwako, asi hachibatsiri kusvikira chichigadziridzwa kana kuchinjwa mune imwe nzira inobatsira. Mumwe munhu aifanira kunyora kana kutora pamapepa kuitira kuti ataure mashoko anobatsira.
Pfungwa yedu yekuteerera ndeimwe muenzaniso mukuru. Mhepo isina chinhu inofanira kunge yakarongedzwa kana kuchinjwa nemimhanzi kana inzwi kana inzwi kuitira kuti rive rakakosha. Kungofanana nechidimbu chepapepa, mamolekemu ayo anoita mhepo ndeyevatakuri vemashoko. Asi pasina ruzivo rwechokwadi - mavara pamapepa kana mazwi mumhepo-hauna chinhu. Saka pazvinosvika kumapurogiramu eredhiyo, magetsi emagetsi (magetsi mumhepo) anofanirwa kuenzaniswa nemashoko anoda kutumira.
AM Broadcast Broadcast
AM redio inoshandisa amplitude modulation uye ndiyo inyorese yehurukuro yeredhiyo. Kuti unzwisise ukuru hwemodhu, funga chiratidzo chekusimudzira (kana kuti wave) kuparidzira pa 1000 kHz pane AM band. Kukura (kana kukwirira) kwechiratidzo chenguva dzose hakuchinji kana kusina-modulated, saka hakune ruzivo rwakakosha. Ichi chiratidzo chinoramba chichibudisa ruzha rwuripo kusvikira rwakarongedzwa nemashoko, sezwi kana mimhanzi. Kubatanidzwa kwemashure maviri kunozoita kuchinja kune simba rekukura kwechiratidzo chinogara chichiwedzera, chinowedzera nekuderera zvakananga maererano nemashoko. Ndizvo chete hukuru hunoshanduka, sezvo huwandu hunoramba hwakaramba nguva yose.
AM rediyo muAmerica inoshanda mune zvakasiyana-siyana kubva pa520 kHz kusvika 1710 kHz. Dzimwe nyika uye nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasiyana-siyana. Izvo zvinowanzozivikanwa sehuwandu hwemotokari, iyo ndiyo motokari iyo iyo chiratidzo chaiyo inotakuriswa kubva pane zvakashambadza antenna kune tuner yekugamuchira.
AM rediyo ine zvinyorwa zvekuendesa pane zvakasiyana-siyana, kuva nezvivako zvakawanda mune imwe nguva yakatarwa, uye kutorwa nyore nyore nevanogamuchira. Zvisinei, AM zviratidzo zvinowanzosvibiswa nekunzwika uye kupindira kwechimiro , zvakadai munguva yekutinhira kwemheni. Mwenje inoumbwa nemheni inobereka mitsindo yeruzha inotorwa ne AM tuners. AM rediyo inewo zvishoma zvinyorwa zvemashoko, kubva paHz 200 kusvika ku5 kHz, iyo inogadzirisa kubatsira kwayo kunyanya kutaura redhiyo uye zvishoma kune mimhanzi. Uye kana zvasvika kumimhanzi, AM inoratidza zviratidzo zvepamusoro wepamusoro kupfuura FM.
Materevhizhi eT FM
FM redhiyo inoshandisa nguva yakawandisa. Kuti unzwisise nguva yakawandisa, funga chiratidzo kune huwandu hwepamusoro uye hukuru. Kuwedzerwa kwechiratidzo kusina kuchinja kana kusina-modulated, saka hapana ruzivo runobatsira rwuri. Asi kana ruzivo rwave rwuri kuiswa kune chiratidzo ichi, kusanganiswa kunoguma mukuchinja kune nguva , iyo inofananidzwa zvakananga nemashoko. Apo nguva inowanzoiswa modered pakati pepasi uye yakakwirira, mimhanzi kana inzwi iri kuparidzirwa nehuwandu hwekutakura. Asi iyo chete inowanzochinja sechiguma; hukuru hunoramba huripo nguva yose.
FM redhiyo inoshanda mumakiromita 87,5 MHz kusvika 108.0 MHz, iyo yakareba yakakura yezvikamu pane AM radio. Nharaunda yakatarisa yekutumirwa kweM FM yakawanda kudarika AM - kanowana pasi pemakiromita zana. Zvisinei, FM redhiyo inofanirwa zvakakodzera mimhanzi; nzvimbo yakakwirira yepakati 30 Hz kusvika ku15 kHz inobereka hutano hunoti tinowanzofarira kuteerera uye kufara. Asi kuitira kuti ive nenzvimbo huru yekugovera, kutumirwa kweM FM kunoda zvivako zvekare kutakura zviratidzo zvakare.
FM inoshambadzirwa inowanzoitwa mu stereo - mashomanana emakamuri AM anogona zvakare kuparidzira zviratidzo zve stereo. Uye kunyange zvazvo zviratidzo zveMF zvisinganyanyi kunzwisiswa uye kupesana, zvinogona kuve zvishoma nezvisungo zvepanyama (sezvivakwa, zvikomo, nezvimwewo), izvo zvinoita kuti vanhu vagamuchire. Ichi ndicho chikonzero iwe unokwanisa kutora dzimwe nhepfenyuro zveredhiyo nyore nyore mune dzimwe nzvimbo kune vamwe, pasinei neimba yako kana kuti pedo neguta.