Nenguva Yezviitiko Zvakaumba Chigadzirwa Chenhasi
Mifananidzo yakashandura ine nhoroondo yakareba uye inofadza uye zvose zvakatanga nemashoko ekutanga nemifananidzo. Kubvira pakatanga kufambira mberi mukudhindwa kusvika pakuoneka kwemaitiro akasiyana muzvakagadzirwa munguva yezana ramakore rechi20, ngatitarise zviitiko zvikuru nekufamba kwakagadzira kugadzirwa kwemavara.
Kutanga Kuvandudzwa Mukukurukurirana Kwekuona uye Kubudisa
15,000 - 10000 BC: Kutanga kukurukurirana kunoonekwa, nemapikicha uye zviratidzo mumapako e Lascaux kumaodzanyemba kweFrance.
3600 BC: Chikumbaridzo cheBlau chinoonekwa sechigadzirwa chekare kudarika kusanganisira mazwi nemifananidzo. Ivo vanofungidzirwa kuti vanobva kuIraq.
105 AD: Mutungamiri wehurumende yeChinese Ts'ai Lun anozivikanwa nekugadzira mapepa.
1045 AD: Pi Sheng, mutauro wechiChinese, anoshandura mutauro unofambisa, unobvumira kuti vanhu vashandiswe kuti vaite zvekudhinda.
1276: Kudhindwa kunosvika kuEurope nemagetsi epaPirriano, Italy.
1450: Johann Gensfleisch zum Gutenburg inonzi yakagadzirisa nzira yekunyora mumabhuku.
1460: Albrecht Pfister anova wokutanga kuwedzera mifananidzo kune bhuku rakadhindwa.
Kuchinja Kwekuchinja kune Typeface
1470: Nicolas Jenson, anofungidzirwa mumwe wezvinyorwa zvakanyanya zvikuru zvepepeti designers, anongoridza nhau dzemaRoma.
1530: Claude Garamond inotanga rudzi rwekutanga rwekuwanikwa, inovandudza uye inotengesa mazita kune printers.
1722: Yokutanga Caslon Old Style font yakagadzirwa. Iyo yaizoshandiswa kushandiswa kweChishopu cheUndendeni.
The Industrial Revolution
1760: The Industrial Revolution inotanga uye inotanga danho rekufambira mberi mumagetsi ekugadzira.
1796: Munyori Aloys Senefelder anova nemitauro . Iyi ndiyo yaiva yekutanga "planographic" nzira yekudhinda yakashandiswa, zvinoreva kuti yakashandisa nzvimbo yakadzika uye yaisa danho rekunyora kushandiswa kwemazuva ano.
1800: Ishe Stanhope anoshanyira mushonga wokutanga wokudhinda wakaitwa wezvinhu zvose zvakagadzirwa-iron. Zvaida chikamu chimwe chegumi chebhuku rebhuku remakambani apfuura uye kakapetwa kaviri mapepa epepa.
1816: Mhando yekutanga isina-serif inogadzira suo rakajeka seimwe mutsara webhuku.
Chigadzirwa Chinouya Mukati Chayo
1861: Williams Morris, uyo akazova munhu ane simba zvikuru mukugadzirwa kwezvakaitika, akaisa unyanzvi hwake hwekugadzira. Akanga ari mutambi mukuru muBritish Arts and Crafts Movement.
1869: NW Ayer & Son yakateyiwa. Vakataridzirwa sangano rekutanga rekuparidzira, ivo vakapayona chibvumirano chakazaruka uye vakashandisa unyanzvi hwakanaka mukugadzira.
1880: Kugadzirwa kwe halftone skrini kunobvumira kuti chinyorwa chokutanga chidhindwe nehuwandu hwemashoko.
1890: The Art Nouveau movement inotanga uye inoshandiswa kugadzirwa nokusingaperi. Yakaita nzira yayo mumarudzi ose ezvokutengeserana uye yakashandiswa nemhando dzose dzezvigadzirwa. Nzira yacho yakaenderera mberi muna 1920.
Modern Design Styles Emerge
1900: Futurism maitiro ekugadzirwa anobuda. Ichisimudzirwa nekubhoni uye teknolojia, yakadonha zvinhu zvose zvetsika uye yakanyanya kujeka, yakachena, yakarurama. Yaiva yakakurumbira kuburikidza nema1930.
1910: Chimbo chinonzi Early Modern chakagadzirwa. Inoshandisa zvifananidzo panzvimbo pemifananidzo uye zvishoma, magetsi ekugadzira pfungwa. Nzira yacho yakakurumbira kusvika munenge muna 1935.
1910: Hero Realism inoshandiswa nehondo uye inoenderera mberi muma1940. Uyu maitiro aivimba zvikuru pamifananidzo chaiyo yevanhu uye neshoko rakasimba: funga Rosie muRiveter.
1919: Bauhaus inotanga muna 1919. ChiGerman chigadziro chikoro chakakurumidza kuva simba rekugadzirwa kwemazuva ano, kazhinji kushandisa Art Deco uye chii chaizova maSwitzerland maitiro.
1920: Art Deco mifananidzo yakagadziriswa, ine mashigiriji ayo ane simba uye kusiyana kukuru kunobuda pamwe chete nehutano hwakanaka. Inenge isina humwe hwemamwe michina uye inoshandiswa kuburikidza neKuburuka kweMakumi maviri uye mumakore makumi mana.
Mifananidzo Yakanyatsotevedza Tevedzera Pop Culture
1932: The Times New Roman typeface yakasikwa naStanley Morrison. Yakatumwa ne " Times yeLondon ."
1940 : Nzvimbo isina kunaka uye maitiro akachena akagadzira Swiss style yekugadzira. Sans serif fonts uye zvigadziro zvisingagumi zvaiwanzodiwa. Yakanga ine mukurumbira kwenguva refu uye yakaonekwa kakawanda kusvikira kuma1980.
1945: Sangano remazuva ano rakasimuka rinomuka uye rinotevera ma geometrics eArt Deco. Iyi nzira isingasviki uye inodonha maitiro akasiyana-siyana. Yakanga yakajairika kuburikidza nema1960.
1947: Mifananidzo yakajeka yemagadzirirwo Paul Rand anoburitsa bhuku rake rokutanga, " Thoughts Design. " Basa rake raizoita kuti munhu wose anogadzira mazuva ano amutevere.
1950: Kitsch inotanga uye inonyanya kuzivikanwa mumavhidhiyo emafirimu ezuva iroro. Kusiyana kwakasiyana uye mavara akashinga, mifananidzo yakaisvonaka, uye mifananidzo yevanhu vaishamisika vaifarira mumutauro uyu.
1957: Helvetica inogadzirwa naMax Miedinger. Yakakurumidza kuva yakakurumbira uye yakafanana typeface.
1959: Nyaya yokutanga ye " Communication Arts " inosunungurwa. Iyi inobudisa magazini ingakurumidza kuva yemhizha yepamhizha uye inoshandisa basa rakanakisisa revakagadziri vemazuva ano.
1968: Ufuridzirwa nemaitiro, Psychedelic chimiro chinotanga uye chinotamba kusvika kune tsika. Simba, mavara asina kujeka akachinjwa kuva maumbirwo, uye mavara akajeka akazara maitiro akaoma-kuverenga.
1970: Mifananidzo yaive yakakomberedza goroji yakave yakakurumbira musangano rePost-Modern. Zvinhu zvakafukidzwa uye manzwiro ekufungidzira zvakanga zvakajairika kuburikidza nemakore ekuma80.
The Digital Revolution
1990: Shanduro yekutanga yeAdobe Photoshop inosunungurwa, ichigadzira revolution munzira iyo vashandi vanogadzira basa.
2000: Grunge yakagadzirwa pamwe chete nenzvimbo ye punk rock semamwe maitiro anoshandiswa kugadzirwa kuti aratidze manzwiro asina tsvina. Iyi tsika yakaramba yakakurumbira kuburikidza ne2012.
2010: Chii chakasvika pakuzivikanwa seState style inotarisa minimalist kunzwa nemiganhu yakajeka uye kushamisika kunokanganisa sekushandisa zvakanyanya nzvimbo isina kunaka.
2016: Abstract Swiss anoenderera mberi nekushambadzira, kushandura uye kugadzirisa zvigadziriswa nenzira dzinoita sedzinoita.
2017: Mifananidzo inotanga-mifananidzo apo kufamba kumwe kuduku kunogadzirwa - kubata vataridzi kuti vatarise mu-clutter ye-on-screen marketing.
Kunobva:
Philip B. Meggs, Alston W. Purvis. " Meggs 'History of Graphic Design ." Gwaro rechina. John Wiley naSons, Inc. 2006.