Kunzwisisa mitemo iyi inokosha kune chero munhu anogadzira dunhu, magetsi, kana magetsi.
Mhemberero Dzokutanga Dzokufambisa
Mitemo yekutanga yemasikirini emagetsi inotarisa pane zvishoma zvemashoko emagetsi ekufambisa, magetsi, ikozvino, simba, uye kushorwa, uye tsanangudzo iyo yakabatana sei. Kusiyana nedzimwe dzakaoma zvikuru zvehutano hwehutano uye mazano, zvidzidzo izvi zvinoshandiswa nguva dzose, kana kwete zuva nezuva, hwaro, nemunhu anoshanda nemagetsi. Mitemo iyi yakawanikwa naGeorg Ohm naGustav Kirchhoff uye vanozivikanwa se Ohms mutemo nemitemo yaKirchhoff.
Ohms Law
Ohms mutemo ndiyo ukama huri pakati pemagetsi, ikozvino uye kupikisa munharaunda uye ndiyo yakanyanya kufanana (uye yakanyanyisa) yakashandiswa mumagetsi. Ohms mutemo unotaura kuti ikozvino kuyerera kuburikidza nekupikisa kwakaenzana nemhepo inopikisana nekudzivisa yakaparadzaniswa nekushorwa (I = V / R). Ohms mutemo unogona kunyorwa nenzira dzakawanda, iyo yose inowanzoshandiswa. Semuenzaniso - Voltage yakaenzana neyozvino inofamba kuburikidza nekupikisa nguva iyo kupikisa kwayo (V = IR) uye kushorwa kwakaenzana nemhepo inotarisana nekudzivirira inoparadzaniswa neyozvino iri kufamba nayo (R = V / R). Ohms mutemo unobatsirawo pakugadzirisa huwandu hwemasimba dunhu rinoshandisa sezvo simba rekutora kwedunhu rakaenzana nezvinozvinoyerera kuburikidza naro nguva nguva iyo (P = IV). Ohms mutemo unogona kushandiswa kutsvaga simba rekutenderera kwedunhu kwenguva yakareba kana maviri emhando dzakasiyana-siyana mu ohms mutemo dzinozivikanwa nokuda kwedunhu.
The Oh Oh law law is a powerful tool in electronics, especially since large circuits can be simplified, asi ohms mutemo inokosha pamatunhu ose ekugadzira magetsi uye magetsi. Chimwe chekushandiswa kukuru kwe Ohms mutemo uye ukama hwemasimba ndekutsanangurira kuti simba rakawanda rinoparadzaniswa sehuni mune chimwe chikamu. Kuziva izvi izvi zvakakosha kuitira kuti hukuru hwakakosha rutivi nehuwandu hwemagetsi hwakasarudzwa nokuda kwekushandiswa. Semuenzaniso kana ukasarudza 50 ohm surface mount resistor iyo ichaona 5 volts panguva yekushanda, kana uchiziva kuti ichada kubvisa (P = IV => P = (V / R) * V => P = (5volts ^ 2) / 50ohms) =. 5 watts) ½ a watt painoona 5 volts zvinoreva kuti kupikisa kune simba guru kupfuura iyo 0.5 watts inofanira kushandiswa. Kuziva kushandiswa kwesimba kwezvikamu muhurongwa kunoita kuti uzive kana zvimwe zvinodhaka zvinopisa kana kuti kupisa zvinogona kudiwa uye zvinotaridzira uwandu hwekugonesa kwemagetsi ehurongwa.
Kirchhoff & Circuit Laws
Tying Ohms mutemo pamwe chete mumutemo wakakwana mitemo yechechi yeKirchhoff. Kirchhoff's Current Law inotevera chirevo chekuchengetedza kwemasimba uye inotaura kuti nhamba yose yezvino iri kufamba ichienda kune node (kana nheyo) pane dunhu yakaenzana nemari yezvino iri kubuda kunze kwechidimbu. Muenzaniso wakananga weKirchhoff's Current Law ndeyekupa simba uye dunhu rekudzivirira nevanopikisa mazana akawanda. Imwe yenharaunda yedunhu ndiyo iyo yose yevashori inoshamwaridzana kune simba. Pano node, simba rekushandisa rinopa ikozvino kune node uye ikozvino inowanikwa inoparadzaniswa pakati pevashori uye inoyerera ichibva kune iyo node uye kusvika kune vanorwisa.
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law inoteverawo mutemo wekuchengetedza simba uye inotaura kuti chiyero chezvikamu zvose zvezvikwata mumutsetse wakakwana wedunhu zvinofanira kunge zvakaenzana zero. Kuwedzeredza muenzaniso wekare wekugonesa kwemasimba ane miviri yakasiyana-siyana inofananidzwa pakati pemagetsi uye pasi, rimwe nerimwe rega rekugonesa, simba, uye pasi rinoona mhepo imwe chete iyo inopikisana nekudzivirira sezvo pane imwe chete inoshandiswa. Kana chidimbu chakanga chine mararamiro ezvidziviriro muzvikamu zvakatevedzana kubuda kwega kwega kukwanisa kugoverwa maererano neHowms law ukama.