Ziva Maitiro Emakombiyuta Anogona Kuwana Sei Kubatanidzwa paIndaneti
Kuva akakwanisa kushamwaridzana neInternet zvisinei kuti uri kupi pane chimwe chinhu chinokosha chemakomputa. Somugumisiro, kusungirirana kwepakiti inopindirana kune ma-laptops ose. Zvimwe zvacho zvakajairika zvokuti kuenzanisa michina kunonetsa asi vanogona kuva nekusiyana kwakasiyana kunogona kuita musiyano muhutano hunoita. Iri mutungamiri richabatsira kuronga zvavari uye kuti vanoenzanisa sei.
Wi-Fi (Wireless)
Nzvimbo dzisingatauri mitambo kuburikidza nehutachiona hweWi-Fi dzakaputika kwemakore zvichiita kuti zvive zvinodiwa mune dzose makombiyuta. Pane mazita ezvinyorwa zvakasiyana-siyana uye nekukurumidza kwekutengesa kweWi-Fi kwaunenge uchida apo unotengesa kombiyuta ye laptop kuti ikuudze kuti ingashandiswa sei.
Iko kune zvishanu ma Wi-Fi mitemo inogona kuwanikwa pamakombiyuta makombiyuta. 802.11b ndiyo yakwegura inomhanya pa11Mbps mu 2.4GHz radio spectrum. 802.11g inoshandisa iyo 2.4GHz redio inonzi spectrum asi inogona kutumira kusvika 54Mbps nekukurumidza. Inodzoka shure inowirirana neyero 802.11b. 802.11a inoshandisa iyo 5GHz radio inonzi spectrum yakagadziriswa uye yakafanana 54Mbps inokurumidza. Haisi kudzokera shure kunokonzerwa nekuda kwemaferensi akasiyana-siyana eredhiyo anoshandiswa.
Nzira yakakurumbira yakajeka ye Wi-Fi ndiyo ye 802.11n. Uyu mutemo unotonyanya kuvhiringidza sezvo chigoni chinogona kuitwa kuti shandisa 2.4GHz kana 5GHz radio spectrum. Nzira huru yekuudza ndeyekuti iyo laptop inotora 802.11a / g / n kana 802.11b / g / n. Vaya vanonyora a / g / n mu Wi-Fi mitemo vachave nekwanisi kushandisa shanduro yemavhidhiyo apo b / g / n inongoshandisa 2.4GHz spectrum. Cherechedza kuti vamwe vakarongwa se 802.11b / g / n vanogona kushandisa 5GHz spectrum. Vaya vanyoresa mavari antennae vane kodzero yekushandisa zvose zvema4 ne5GHz. Izvi zvinongonyanya kukosha kune avo vanoshuva kushandisa 5GHz radio spectrum iyo inobatsira kusava nevanhu vakawanda munzvimbo dzakawanda dzekuwedzera bandwidth nekuda kwekushamwaridzana kuduku.
Mamwe mapepa anowedzera ikozvino kushandisa 5G Wi-Fi mitambo. Izvi zvinowanikwa pamitemo 802.11ac. Izvozvi zvigadzirwa zvinogona kuti zvinokwanisa kuzadzikisa kutengesa kusvika kusvika ku 1.3Gbps iyo katatu yakareba iyo 802.11n uye yakafanana neyo yehutano hwehutano. Kufanana neyero ye 802.11a, inoshandisa nguva ye5GHz asi iyo iwiri-band inoreva kuti inotsigirawo 802.11n pamatambo anonzi 2.4GHz.
Kazhinji vashandisi vachaona mitemo yakawanda yakanyorwa pane kombiyuta ye laptop, yakadai se 802.11b / g. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kombiyuta yepakombiyuta inogona kushandiswa ne yese ye Wi-Fi mitemo yakanyorwa. Saka, kana iwe uchida kuva nehuwandu hwakawandisa hwehutachiona hwekubatanidza mitambo, tsvaga kombiyuta ye laptop inoratidzika seine 802.11ac kana 802.11a / g / n wireless networking. Izvi zvinogonawo kutumidzwa seviri-band 802.11n sezvo inotsigira 2.4GHz uye 5GHz spectrum.
Heino urongwa hwemwe hutsika hwe Wi-Fi:
- 802.11a - 54Mbps, 5GHz Band, Inoshandiswa Zvikuru Nemabhizimisi
- 802.11b - 11Mpbs, 2.4GHz Band
- 802.11g - 54Mbps, 2.4GHz Band
- 802.11n - Kusvika Ku 450Mbps Standard, 2.4 kana 5GHz Band
- 802.11ac - Kusvika ku 1.3Gbps, 5GHz Band asi Kumberi Inowirirana ne 2.4GHz zvinyorwa kuburikidza ne 802.11n
Ethernet (Wired Networking)
Kusvikira michina isina michina isina kuwanda yakawanda, yakakura-network network connections yaida kushandiswa kwekambani yeEthernet yakabatana kubva kune laptop kuenda kune network network. Ethernet yave iri yemhando yepakombiyuta yekambani yekambo yakagadzirirwa kwemakore akawanda iyo yakawanikwa mune anenge anenge ese kombiyuta. Nekusimbiswa pamabhandekiti maduku akadai se ultrabooks asingashayi nzvimbo yakakosha nokuda kwechifambiso chemafaro, mamwe magadziriro ari kudambura iyo yaimbova inoshandiswa.
Iko kune miviri miviri yemitambo yeEthernet inobudirira iye zvino. Yakawanda kupfuura kusvikira munguva ichangopfuura yaiva Fast Ethernet kana 10/100 Ethernet. Izvi zvine dhigirii yepamusoro yepamusoro ye 100Mbps uye inodzokera kumashure inowirirana neyekare 10Mbps Ethernet standard. Izvi ndizvo zvinowanikwa kune vashandi vakawanda vanobatanidza magareti akadai sekambo uye DSL modems. Izvo zvinowanikwa munguva ichangopfuura iGigabit Ethernet. Izvi zvinobvumira kutsigirwa kwekubatanidza kusvika kusvika ku 1000Mbps pamakambani anobatana anoshanda. Kungofanana neEaster Ethernet, inodzokera kumashure inowirirana neinonoka network network.
Nhanho yeEthernet interface inongonyanya kukosha kana ichibatanidza pakati pezvigadzirwa pane imwe nzvimbo yenzvimbo (LAN) . Zvose zvinobatana nebandaneti zvakapfurikidza kudarika zvinoenderana neExter Ethernet standard kunyange izvi zviri kutanga kuchinjwa nepamusoro-fiber fiber network iri kuiswa.
Bluetooth
Bluetooth inonyanya kushandiswa kusina mitambo yekushandisa mitambo inoshandisa 2.4GHz yakafanana se Wi-Fi. Iyo inonyanya kushandiswa kune wireless peripheral connections pane kunyanya mitambo. Pane chimwe chinhu chinogona kushandiswa uye icho chiri kutengesa foni isina foni . Izvi zvinobvumira laptop kuti ishandise kushandiswa kwedata dzisina foni. Zvinosuruvarisa, vazhinji vanofambisa foni dzemufambisi muUnited States havabvumiri kutengesa kana kuti kune zvikwata zvepamusoro kuitira kuti zvigoneke nechokushandisa. Tarisa nemutakuri wako kana ichi chiri chinhu chaunogona kunge uchichifarira. Chiitiko chacho hachina kunyanya kuwanikwa zvino asi nekuda kweWi-Fi hotspot simba remafoni.
Wireless / 3G / 4G (WWAN)
Kubatanidzwa kwekuvakwa mumasikirini emasikisi matatu kana 3G / 4G kusungiridza mapapatari inongowedzera kuwedzerwa kumakombiyuta epakombiyuta. Vagadziri vanowanzotaurira izvi sevasina nzvimbo yakawanda yekutengesa nzvimbo kana WWAN. Izvi zvinogona kubvumira kombiyuta ye laptop kuti iwirirane neInternet kuburikidza ne-high-speed wireless network network kana pasina imwe nzira yekuwanika inogona. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira zvikuru asi zvinodhurawo zvinodhura sezvo zvinoda zvibvumirano zvakasiyana zvematare. Mukuwedzera, iyo mitambo isina kushandiswa yakaiswa mumakombiyuta inowanzovharwa kune mumwe mupiki kana kuti kirasi yenethiwekhi. Somugumisiro, ini hazvikurudziri vashandisi kutarisa zvinhu izvi uye kutenga yecheneri yekunamatira modem inoshandisa USB kana iwe unonyatsoda basa rakadaro. Imwe nzira inoshandisa mobile hotspot device iyo inosanganisa Wi-Fi router kune wireless modem. Vanoramba vachida zvibvumirano zvematare asi vane kodzero yekushandiswa pamwe chete chero ipi zvayo yeiyo Wi-Fi inokwanisa.
Modems
Pane imwe nzira yakanyanya kukurumbira yekubatanidza, modems haigoni kuwanika pamakadhi chero kupi zvayo ikozvino. Dial-up networking ndeimwe yekare maitiro ekubatanidza PC makombiyuta. Kunyange zvazvo kupararira kwebhanhire kunowanowanikwa mumba, kana uri mumugwagwa munzvimbo dziri kure iyi ingave ndiyo nzira chete yekubatanidza. Imwe kambani yefoni yakasungirirwa mukati me laptop uye jack yefoni inobvumira musikana kugona kuburikidza ne-dial-up account. Kunyange zvazvo makombikiti akawanda asingagoni kuisa mahara aya, nguva dzose zvinogoneka kutenga mari yakadhura USB dial-up modem kuti inoshandiswa nekwose chero kombiyuta. Izvo zvakaderera ndezvokuti anogog modems hawanzoshanda nevakawanda VoIP mitsara nekuda kwekunyorwa kwe data.
Pamusana pekukanganisa kwezwi rekutumira data pamusoro pemitsara yefoni, kasi yepamusoro ye 56Kbps yakasvika kwenguva yakati. Cheropi yepurapi iyo ine modem ichava 56Kbps inobatana. Musiyano chete ndewekunyorwa sev.90 kana v.92 rudzi. Izvi ndezvipi maitiro maviri ekutsanangurira kwedhizinesi uye dzinoshandurana zvakanyanya pazvinouya pakusangana kweiyo-up up.