Chii chinonzi rotoscoping uye kuti inoshandisa sei iyo?
Kana iwe wapedza nguva yakati uchishanda pamavhidhiyo, zvimwe wakanzwa izwi rokuti "rotoscoping", kana "roto", asi tsanangudzo yaro ingave isina kunyatsojeka. Nenzira, tiri pano. Kushandura kwemasvosve ndiko, netsanangudzo, imwe nzira inoratidzika kana nyaya inoratidzika inongororwa pamusoro pechiganda chimwechete panguva imwe yekugadzirisa nyaya iyo, kana kuti "matte", iyo inogona kusanganiswa nedzimwe nheyo. Chiito icho chekuwedzera mutsva mutsva nezvinhu zvakatarisa zvinonzi "kuunganidza". Tichareva kuumbwa nguva nenguva mune izvi uye zvimwe zvinyorwa, naizvozvo chinhu chakanaka chokucherechedza.
Nei inonzi rotoscoping?
Zvakanaka, izwi rokuti "rotoscoping" rinotorwa pamushandi wakaita chiito chakafanana nechocho chatinotsanangura mundima yokutanga. Irotoscope yakanga iri chigadzirwa chemashonga chinogona kuronga fomu imwe chete yekuita chiito chefirimu, iyo inosanganiswa neaselini uye chidimbu chegirazi rakaoma kuti zvibvumira mutevedzeri kutarisa nyaya yacho nekuisa pepa pamusoro pegirazi. Nokutsvaga imwe yemapuranga muchikamu chefirimu, mutevedzeri aizoguma nemifananidzo yakarurama yakakwana yezvavanoda kuunza muupenyu.
Irotoscope yakasikwa muna 1914 naMax Fleischer, uye yakatanga kushandiswa muhurukuro nhatu dzinonzi "Inze Inkwell". Fleischer akasika mutsara kuti aratidze hupenyu hwake hutsva. Kuti aise rotoscope pamuedzo aida sarudzo yekurarama nekutsvaga uye kurarama, uye saka mukoma waMad Dave -Coney Island clown performer - akapindira kuti atarisire mararamiro ari kurarama kwekutevedzera 'muitiro Koko the Clown.
Yaiva yakakwana yakakwana: Dave akaita pamberi pekhamera, uye firimu yekamera yakabva yanyorerwa padoscope's easel yaMax kutevera.
Max akachenjera patentamende yake yakagadzirwa muna 1917, uye mhepo inoshamisa yakakurumidza kushandiswa kugadzira hurukuro yeHollywood yemifananidzo yakadai seChrist White uye Seven Dwarves uye Betty Boop.
Rotoscoping yakararama hupenyu huripo kubva pakagadzirwa naMax uye yakashandiswa nguva dzose mumichero yeTV. Chimwe chiitiko chinoshamisa chechikamu chetambo chakakonzerwa ndivhidhiyo yeA-Ha yemavhidhiyo, "Tora paNdiri". Vhidhiyo inowanikwa pasi pano inosanganisira shots iyo inoratidzika semifananidzo inoratidzira, inoshandisa nzira inonakidza inonzi "vira" kana kuti "jitter". Mhedzisiro inoratidzwa kuburikidza nekushanduka kwakanyanya kwemitsara yezvidzidzo zvakasikwa.
Izvi zvinowanzosava nemaune, uye nemugumisiro wekusava nehanya kana kusinganzwisisiki kutevera, asi munyaya yeA-Ha, chiitiko chacho chinangwa uye chinopa vhidhiyo chiratidzo chechiratidzo.
Iye zvino, tichitarisa nzira yatinokurukura pamusoro apa iyo imwe firimu yefirimu inotevedzwa kuti iite hupenyu, inguva yakareba sei maminiti mana emimhanzi yevhidhiyo inotora? "Tora paNdiri" yakatora vhiki gumi nematanhatu kuti iongorore zvitatu zvinopfuura 3 000 zvehupenyu chiito chevhidhiyo.
Inzwi rinononoka uye rinorwadza? Chokwadi zvinodaro. Iwe uchafara kufara kuziva kuti zvinhu zvakabudirira zvikuru.
Mazuva ano, huwandu hwemotokari dzinoitika pamakombiyuta uchishandisa zvirongwa zvakadai seFicaber's Mocha Pro, Adobe After Effects, uye Silhouette. Chimwe nechimwe chezvirongwa izvi chave chakanyatsogadziriswa nezvishandiso kuti zvinyatsogadziriswa.
Inonyanya kuzivikanwa - uye panguva yakakodzera - muenzaniso webasa rekunyora mafirimu muHollywood yaizove magetsi emabhaisikopo eWintern Wars. Kuti zvive nemigumisiro, vateereri vaizoita hondo dzavo dzehondo dzakagadziriswa vachishandisa tsvimbo. Mufananidzo we rotoscope aizobva atora rotoscope musimboti wematanda nehutu, achiwedzera kuchena. Chiitiko chacho chakanga chichiendeswa mberi nokutengeswa kwakanyanya kwebasa remabasa.
Chinhu chinonakidzwa pamusoro peChina Wars IV: A New Hope ndeyekuti mazuva ano dzimwe nguva zvakasikwa nekupfekedza tsvina yakawanda yemapuranga nekutarisa zvinhu uye kupenya zvivara zvinopenya kusvika pamakumbo. Nyanzvi dzekugadzirwa kwemashure dzinogona kuwedzera mafisita uye kuisa mavara, asi chiedza chepakutanga chakanga chichireruka padanda. Fara!
Sei vanhu vachitya rotoscoping?
Kana iwe uchitaura kune mumwe munhu anoshanda mukugadzira kana mushure-kutengesa, rotoscoping inowanzova imwe yezvidzidzo izvo zvichaunza kugomera sekuyeuka kwechirongwa chemvura chinotyisa chakadzokera mupfungwa dzavo.
Ichokwadi ndechokuti mifananidzo inofambisa inoshandisa chinyorwa chemafaira akawanda. Tora masekondi gumi evhidhiyo pamapfumi 24 pamusi wechipiri uye une 240 frame roto project pamaoko ako.
Kunyange pane dzimwe nguva, iyo nzira inowanikwa zvakaipa, asi kazhinji mugadziri anokwanisa kudzivisa basa rotoscoping nekushanda nemapurisa ayo ave akanyatsopfungidzirwa pahwindo. Simba software inokwanisa kuisa ruvara rwekona uye kuibvisa, ichigadzira matte kwenguva yakareba yepfuti, kuchengetedza kuva nekugadzira matte imwe fomu panguva.
Saka apo varimi vachiri kudii?
Kunyangwe mumapurani akaisvonaka nevanokudzwa, zvinhu zvinogona kuitika. Chimwe chinogona kukonzera ndechokuti mutambi wemuimbi, gumbo kana imwe chikamu chikamu chinotama kunze kwechitubu chebhuruu kana bhuu. Kuti ugadzire matte yakachena, chisarudzo choga chingave che rotoscope kunze kwekunze kwekutsvaga uye kushandisa shanduro kuita mamwe ose ebasa racho. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, panofanira kungova nemaminitsi mashomanana ane dambudziko, asi kana mutungamiriri asina hanya izvi zvingava nyaya huru.
Mune rimwe dambudziko, kana mutungamiri asina chaanopomerwa asi boka rakagadzirirwa harina kugadzirisa zvakanaka greencreen kana kuti kujekesa chinhu ichocho, roto inogona kutora chikamu mumashure-maitiro. Mucheka wakabva mumamiriro ezvinhu unogona kumira, kuumba mithunzi iyo software isingabvisi, uye kuedza kusina simba kunogona kuita zvakafanana. Muchiitiko ichi, kunyange pfuti inofanirwa kuva yaiva mhepo yekushanda nayo inogona kuumba roto nightmare.
Zvechokwadi, kune kusiyana kwekushandisa purogiramu kubvisa chikwereti chemavara uye kunyora zvinyorwa zvinyorwa. Apo purogiramu dzepurojekiti dzichibuda mubheti dzichabvisa mapikisesi anofanana nemitemo yakagadzirirwa nemugadziri kuti "key" kunze kwechinyoro cheruvara rwebhuruu kana bluu uye hapana chimwe chinhu. Nhamba inotengesa mabhiiko inotungamirira kumiganhu yakaoma, sezvatichave tichicheka mutsara chaiwo. Migumisiro inogona kuwedzerwa gare gare kuti ichinje mitsetse uye iyananise nyaya yacho mumamiriro ezvinhu, asi zvakakosha kuziva chinyorwa.
Maitiro Akanakisisa
Pakupera kwezuva, rotoscoping ndiyo chete yatakambotaura nezvayo: kubvisa nyaya mumusara wega wega clip. Nezvo izvo zvakarurama zvakakwana, kune nzira dzakagadzirisa hupenyu hunoita kuti zvive nemagumisiro ekupedzisira.
Kutanga, pane kungosarudza mavara akasiyana-siyana muikodhi uye kutsvaga musoro nemuviri wehurukuro yacho nechinyoreso chekushandisa (ichi chinonzi kudana "mask"), ipa purogiramu mamwe mafungiro asati asarudza chero chinhu. Zvichienderana nekutenderera kana kufamba kwechidzidzo chacho, pfungwa dzekutsvaga dzinogona kusiyanisa zvakanyanya muhurefu hwechikwata.
Ichashanda kusarudza sarudzo yehurukuro yose, asi kana kuenderera, kureva, kufamba, nhengo dzomuviri dzichapfuura mberi uye shure shure, uye nhengo dzakawanda dzomuviri dzichakotama, kuvhara nekufamba.
Pane kudaro nyatsofungisisa kuti mutumbi uri kuve uchifamba sei, uye edza kutarisa pamuviri sehuwandu hwemaumbirwo akakomba. Zvino panzvimbo yekusika maskki makuru, shandisa masikisi akawanda emativi emumuviri, kusanganisira masikisi akazvimirira masangano. Sezvo hurukuro yacho ichifamba kubva pamiganda kusvika pamusana, iwe uchava nekuvaka kukuru kwemasikisi kuti udzoke zvakare uye tweak.
Vakawanda vanyori vanozoisa masikisi avo pachavo voga, vakaparadzana kubva pamatepeti kuitira kuti vashandurwe uye vasiye kunze kwekukanganisa vhidhiyo. Zvichienderana ne-software yaunosarudza izvi zvingava sarudzo.
Zvechokwadi, zvimwe zvekushandiswa kwekugadzirisa chirongwa che roto chinofanira kuwira pavhidhiyo yeroto. Unoziva. Iwe.
Kugamuchira mirayiridzo yakajeka yekuti zvikamu zvipi zvemashoko zvichashandiswa zvinogona kuchengetedza toni dzebasa roto. Kana uine maminitsi makumi maviri nemaviri emapuranga pamapuranga makumi matatu nemasere, asi purojekiti inongoda masevhe mana echikwata, bvunza kuti ndeyei maawa mana anofanira kubvumira. Kunyoresa zana kana makumi maviri emafaira zviri nani kupfuura 750 vavo.
Panofanira kuva nenzira iri nyore ...
Makore mashomanana adarika, brilliant After Effects team muAdobe yakagadzira chinhu chinonzi "Rotobrush" mukuedza kuita nyore rotoscoping. Mhedziso ndeyokuti After Effects designer ine chida chekushandisa zvakafanana ne "Quick Choice" chishandiswa mu Photoshop kuti uone pane nyaya. Icho chigoni chinogona kusarudza chero chipi zvacho chinenge chichimiririra pane imwe nheyo uye chinogona kubvongodzwa kuwana zvidzidzo zvakanyatsojeka. Kana imwechete iyo iyo inobata nyaya yacho, inogona kutarisa mberi uye kumashure kuburikidza nepapa uye chigadziri chichagadzirisa kuchengetedza nyaya yakasarudzwa yose iyo yose. Iyo haisi nguva dzose inoshanda zvakakwana, asi, seimwe basa rotoscopi, kune maitiro akanaka kwazvo.
Kunyange zvakadaro, kana uchikwanisa kuita kuti igone basa rako rinogona kukuchengetedza maawa mazhinji.
Unoda kudzidza zvakawanda here?
Kuvapo kwenguva yakareba sezvazvinazvo, pane zvakawanda zvemashoko pamusoro pekutora maitiro uye kuti ungatanga sei, asi nzira yakanakisisa yekuidzidza ndeyokuwana dzidzo uye uise maoko ako asina kuchena nekuriita. Sarudza chidimbu chepurogiramu (Ndinokurudzira Adobe After Effects) uye tarisa lynda.com kana YouTube nekuda kwechidzidzo chekudzidza. Iwe unogona kudiwa kupfura zvinyorwa zvishoma kuti uedze, asi kuita zvinorema kuzvisimudza pachako kuchakupa maoko-kunzwisisa pamusoro pekuita uye nekuwedzera kuvimba kuenda mberi.
Anofara rotoscoping!