Imwe yenzvimbo dzakanyanya kufanana dzemagetsi ekushisa pamusika ndiyo inonzi thermistor, inopfupiswa version ye "thermally sensitive resistor." Vadzidzisi vane mafasi-mashoma anonzwa masimba akaoma uye ane simba. The thermistor ndiyo inotonhora yekusarudza yezvishandiso zvinoda hukuru hwekunzwisisa nekururama kwakanaka. Vadzidzisi vanogumira kune zviduku zvinoshandiswa zvekushisa zvidzidzo pamusana pemhinduro yavo isiri iyo yakasvibirira kutsetse.
Kuvaka
Thermistors are two wire components akashandiswa sintered metal oxides iyo inowanikwa mumapoka emhando dzakasiyana-siyana kutsigira zvakasiyana siyana zvekushanda. Inonyanya kupisa thermistor pari inguva duku yegirazi nechepamusoro ye 0.5 kusvika 5mm nematairi maviri. Madziro aya anowanikwawo mumapapuji akavharidzirwa pasi, madhishi, uye akabatanidzwa mu tubular metal probes. Girazi rinosungirirwa zvinopisa zvinokonzera uye rakasimba, uye rinonyanya kukanganisa mafomu kuve kukanganisa kumatare maviri anotungamirira. Zvisinei, nokuda kwezvishandiso zvinoda kuwedzerwa kwekugadzirisa, tsvina yehusimbi inofanirwa kutarisa fester thermistor inopa kudzivirirwa kukuru.
Batsirwa
Vadzidzisi vane zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kutendeseka, kunzwisisika, kugadzikana, nguva yekupindura kwenguva pfupi, magetsi ehurumende, uye mari shoma. Dunhu rokutaridzika ne thermistor rinogona kunge rakangoita sekusvitsa-up resistor uye kuenzanisa kuvhara kwese kwetrmistor. Zvisinei, zvinopisa zvinotonhorera kumhepo inotonhorera hazvisi zvisizvo uye zvinowanzotariswa kune duku shoma yakatarisa iyo inogumira kukanganisa kwavo kuhwindo duku kunze kwemashoko echinaarization kana mamwe mazano ekubhadhara anoshandiswa. Kupindura kusina kukwana kunoita kuti vanopisa magetsi vave nehanya zvikuru nekuchinja kwekushisa. Uyewo, hukuru hukuru uye huwandu hwetrmistor unovapa koro kadiki inopisa iyo inobvumira kuti thermistor inopindura nokukurumidza kuchinje chekushisa.
Maitiro
Vadzidzisi vanowanikwa nehuipi kana hwakanaka hwekushisa kwekoji (NTC kana PTC). A thermistor ane kutonhora kusina kukwana inenge isisina kudzivirirwa sezvo kutonhora kunowedzera apo thermistor ine utsi hwakanaka humwe hunowedzera mukushorwa sezvo inotonhora inowedzera. PTC thermistors inowanzoshandiswa mumakwikwi ane zvikamu apo mazamu anoita zvingakonzera kukanganisa. Sezvo resistive zvikamu, kana iye zvino achimhanya kuburikidza navo, thermistor inoita kupisa kunokonzera kuchinja mukuramba. Sezvo zvinonzi thermistor zvichida kuti magetsi avepo ikozvino kana kuti magetsi anoshanda kushanda, kuzvipisa kunokonzerwa nekudzivisa kushanduka chinhu chaicho chisingadzivisiki ne thermistors. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kuzvipira kunobatsira zvishoma uye mari inongoda chete apo kunyatsoruramisa kunodiwa.
Operational Modes
Vadzidzisi vanoshandiswa mumitambo miviri yekushanda kunze kweiyo inopesana nekushanda kwemhepo yekushanda. Iko-vol-vs-current mode inoshandisa thermistor muzvitsva zvinopisa, mamiriro ezvinhu akadzikama. Iyi nzira inowanzoshandiswa pakuyerera mamita apo kuchinja kwekuyerera kwemvura inoputika ye thermistor kunokonzera kuchinja kwesimba kunoparadzaniswa ne thermistor, kushorwa kwayo, uye ikozvino kana kuti mhepo zvichienderana nezvinoitwa sei. A thermistor inogonawo kushandiswa munguva yazvino-over-time mode apo thermistor iri pasi pezvino. Ikozvino inokonzera kuti thermistor izvitsve, ichiwedzera kukunda mune imwe ye NTC thermistor nekuchengetedza dunhu kubva kune dutu refu. Zvichida PTC thermistor mubasa rimwe chete rinogona kushandiswa kudzivirira kubva kupamusoro yepamusoro.
Applications
Vadzidzisi vane zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushanda, uye zvakanyanya kufanana nekushanda zvakananga kutaridzika uye kuwedzera kuderedza. Zviratidzo zveTATC nePTC thermistor zvikweretesa kune zvikwata zvinosanganisira:
- Liquid level indicators
- kutengesa kuripo
- Muyerero wekuyerera
- Vacuum Gages
- Thermal Protection
- Ampifier Gain Control
- Nguva Yenguva Dzose Circuits
- Thermal Switches
Linearization
Pamusana pemhinduro isiri iyo yakarongeka yevashmistor, magetsi ekutambisa inowanzodiwa kuti ataure zvakarurama zvakakwana pamhando dzemazhizha. Mhinduro isiri iyo yakasvibiswa kumusana wetrmistor inopiwa neStinhart-Hart equation iyo inopa kukunda kwakanaka kutsetserera kwemafuro. Zvisinei, zvisiri izvo zvakasikwa zvinokonzera kusakarurama kwakarurama mukuita kunze kwekunge sarudzo yakanakisisa analog kudijiti inoshandiswa inoshandiswa. Kushandisa shanduro yemhando yakasarudzwa yechirongwa chechirongwa chechirongwa chechirongwa chechirongwa chechirongwa chetrmistor uye chinopikisa uye chinopikisana nehrmistor chinowedzera kusiyanisa kwemagetsi anopinza uye inowedzera kushanda kwemafasitirini emhepo ye thermistor pamutengo wekururama. Izvo zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa mumakwikwi ekuenzanisira zvinofanira kusarudzwa kuti zviise mukati mewindo rekushisa kuti ribudirire.