Zvinyorwa mumapurogiramu eparashiriti akadai seExcel neGoogle Spreadsheets anoshandiswa kuita zviyero kana zvimwe zviito pane data yakapinda murairi uye / kana kuchengetwa mumapurogiramu epurogiramu.
Inogona kubva kubva pamasvomhu ekushanda , zvakadai sekuwedzera nekubvisa, kusvika kune dzakaoma huniyanzvi uye nhamba dzekuverenga.
Mafomu akaisvonaka ekushanda kunze kwe "chii kana" mamiriro ezvinhu anoenzanisa kuverenga zvichienderana nekushandura dhesi. Kana imwe iyo yakagadzirwa, iwe unoda kungoshandura chete mari yacho kuverengwa. Iwe haufaniri kuramba uchipinda "pamwe izvi" kana kuti "zvisiye izvozvo" sezvaunofunga ne-regular calculator.
Zvinyorwa Tanga Ne & # 61; Chiratidzo
Mune mapurogiramu akaita seExcel, Open Office Calc , uye Google Spreadsheets, mafomu anotanga neshoko rakaenzana (=) chiratidzo uye, nokuda kwechikamu chikuru, anopinda mueseji yebasa (s) apo tinoda mhinduro kana mhinduro kuonekwa .
Somuenzaniso, kana chirevo = 5 + 4 - 6 chakapinda muchitokisi A1, kukosha 3 kwaizoonekwa munzvimbo iyoyo.
Dzvanya paA1 neine mouse pointer, zvisinei, uye rondedzero inoratidzwa mubhairi yepamusoro pane pepa rekushanda.
Kurasika kweFomu
Shanduro inogonawo kuva neipi kana yezvose zvinotevera:
- tsika
- constants
- cell reference
- mabasa
- operators
Values
Maitiro muzvinyorwa haasi kungoongororwa kune nhamba chete asi anogonawo kusanganisira:
- mazuva
- zvinyorwa - mazwi - kazhinji akapoteredzwa nemashoko ekunyorwa ( "" )
- Boolean inokosha - TRUE kana FALSE chete
Murairi Constant
Nguva dzose - sezvinoratidzwa nezita - inokosha isingashanduki. Uye hazviverengi. Kunyange zvazvo mhedziso inogona kunge yakanyatsozivikanwa yakafanana nePi (Π) - chiyero chedenderedzwa yendenderedzwa kusvika pakukwirira kwayo - inogonawo kuva chero kukosha-yakadai semutero wekutere kana zuva rakasiyana - iro rinoshanduka zvishoma.
Cell References in Formulas
Cell references - dzakadai seA1 kana H34 - dzinoratidza nzvimbo yedhesi mune pepa rekushandisa kana bhuku rebhuku. Panzvimbo pokupinda data zvakananga mune imwe nzira, kazhinji zviri nani kupinda mu data mumaseji ekushanda uye ozoisa zvinyorwa zvesei kune nzvimbo ye data mumutambo.
Zvakanakira izvi ndezvi:
- kana iwe pave paya uchishandura deta yako chimiro chacho chinongodzokorora kuti chiratidze chibereko chitsva;
- mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, kushandiswa kwemasero zvinyorwa kunoita kuti zvikwanise kukopa mazano kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe mune pepa rekushanda.
Kuita kuti zvinyoronyoro kupinda mune dzakawanda zvinokonzera masero zvinyorwa mumugadziro, zvinogona kuiswa sehutano hunongoratidza mavambo uye ekupedzisira. Semuenzaniso, zvinyorwa, A1, A2, A3 zvinogona kunyorwa sezera reA1: A3.
Kuita zvinhu zvishoma nyore, zvinowanzoshandiswa zvinogona kupiwa zita rinogona kupinda maitiro.
Mabasa: Akavakwa-muMafomu
Mapurogiramu epadhetiet anewo maverengeka akavakwa mune mazita anonzi mabasa.
Mabasa anoita kuti zvive nyore kuita:
- mabasa anowanzoitwa - zvakadai sekuwedzera mapuranga kana mitsetse yenhamba pamwe neSUM basa
- basa refu kana rakakomba - zvakadai sekuwana ruzivo rwakananga nebasa reVLOOKUP
Formula Operators
An arithmetic kana mathematical operator ndiyo chiratidzo kana chiratidzo chinomiririra kushandiswa kwei aritemu mune imwe Excel fomu.
Mafambisi anotsanangura rudzi rwekuverenga hunoitwa nehuwandu.
Mhando dzevashandi
Mhando dzakasiyana dzekuverenga vanofambisa zvinogona kushandiswa mumashonga dzinosanganisira:
- arithmetic - yakashandiswa kwemasvomho echidzidzo sekuwedzera nekubvisa
- kuenzanisa
- text concatenation
Arithmetic Operators
Zvimwe zvevashandi vei arithmetic - zvakadai seyekuwedzera nekubvisa - zvakafanana neaya anoshandiswa nemaoko-akanyora mavara, asi izvo zvekuwedzera, kupatsanurwa, uye zvekujekesa zvakasiyana.
Zvose zvevashandi vanoita:
- Kubvisa - kudisa chiratidzo ( - )
- Kuwedzera - pamwe nechiratidzo ( + )
- Kurambidza - mberi slash ( / )
- Kuwedzera - asterisk ( * )
- Exponentiation - caret ( ^ )
Kana vakawanda kupfuura imwe chete inoshandiswa mumushonga, pane urongwa humwe hwekushanda iyo Excel inotevera mukusarudza kuti kushanda kunoitika sei kutanga.
Kuenzanisa Operators
Mumwe muenzanisi , sezvinotaurwa nezita racho, anoenzanisira pakati pemitemo miviri mumutsetse uye mugumisiro wekuenzanisa iwoyo unogona kungova WOKWADI kana WOKUTANGA.
Pane vatanhatu vanofananidza vanoita:
- Kuenzana ( = )
- Pasi pane ( < )
- Pasingapfuuri kana kuti akaenzana ( <= )
- Greater than ( > )
- Mukuru kupfuura kana akaenzana na ( > = )
- Kwete kuenzana ne ( <> )
I AND uye OR mabasa ndeye mienzaniso yefomu inoshandisa maenzanisi ekuenzanisa.
Concatenation Operator
Concatenation zvinoreva kubatanidza zvinhu pamwe chete uye mubatsiri wekambani ndiye ampersand " & " uye inogona kushandiswa pakubatanidza mazamu akawanda e data mumutambo.
Muenzaniso weizvi ungadai uri:
{= INDEX (D6: F11, MATCH (D3 & E3, D6: D11 & E6: E11, 0), 3)}
uko kugadziriswa kwekambani kunoshandiswa kubatanidza nhamba dzakawanda dzemadhora mumutsetse wekutsvaga uchishandisa Excel's INDEX uye MATCH mabasa .