CRT, Plasma, LCD, DLP, uye OLED TV Technologies Overview
Kutenga TV kunogona kuvhiringidza mazuva ano, kunyanya kana uchiedza kutsvaga rudzi rweterevhizheni yeTV unoda kana inoda. Yakanga isiri iyo CRT yakawanda (tube tube) uye yakarongedza-yakatarisa zvigaro izvo zvairongedza dzimba dzokurarama muhafu yepiri yezana remakore rechi20. Iye zvino zvatiri kunyanya muzana remakore rechi21, TV yakatarwa kwenguva refu yakatarisa inove yakakurumbira.
Zvisinei, mibvunzo yakawanda inoramba ichitaura nezvekuti mishandisirwo emitambo yeTV inoshanda sei pakubudisa zvifananidzo. Izvi zvinofanirwa kujekesa musiyano pakati pekare uye zvemazuva ano teknolojia.
CRT Technology
Kunyange zvazvo iwe usingakwanise kuwana maRTT matsva mumasherufu ezvitoro zvakare, zvakawanda zvemasheya akare achiri kushandiswa mumhuri dzevatengi. Heino maitiro avanoita.
CRT inomirira cathode ray tube, iyo inonyanya kushandisa tube huru-ichi chikonzero nei CRT TV dzakakura uye dzine nzara. Kuti uratidze mifananidzo, CRT TV inoshandisa danda re electron rinotarisa rutivi rwephosphors pachiso chebhuku pamutsara-ne-mutsara kuitira kuti muve nemufananidzo. Danda re electron rinobva pamutsipa wefudu yefodhi. Danda racho rinosvibiswa pane zvinoramba zvichidaro zvokuti rinofamba pamiganhu ye phosphors muruboshwe kusvika kune kurudyi, kuenda kune imwe inotevera mutsara unoda. Chiito ichi chakaitwa zvakakurumidza zvokuti muoni anogona kukwanisa kuona kuti chii chakaita sechinyatsokonzera mifananidzo.
Zvichienderana nemutauro wemuchina wepikicha unobuda, mitsetse ye phosphor inogona kuongororwa nenzira imwe neimwe, iyo inonzi inonzi interlaced scanning, kana sequentially, iyo inonzi inofanirwa kuongorora .
DLP Technology
Imwe teknolojia, yakashandiswa kumashure-inoona TV, ndeyo DLP (digital light processing), iyo yakagadzirwa, yakagadzirwa, uye ine mvumo neTexas Instruments. Kunyange zvazvo zvisingawanikwi kutengesa fomu yeTV kubva muna 2012, DLP yekombiyuta iri kurarama uye zvakanaka muzvirongwa zvevhidhiyo . Zvisinei, mamwe DLP TV setsva achiri kushandiswa mumisha.
Chinokosha cheDLP teknolojia ndiyo DMD (digital micro-mirror device), chip chigadzirwa nezvioni zviduku zvinogona kuvharidzirwa. Magirazi anonziwo mapikisi (zvifananidzo zvemufananidzo) . Piveleri imwe neimwe paDMD chip ndiyo mirati inofungidza zvishoma zvokuti mamiriyoni evanhu anogona kuiswa pachigodo.
Chifananidzo chevhidhiyo chinoratidzwa pachidimbu cheDMD. Iyo micromirror in the chip (yeuka, imwe neimwe micromirror inomiririra imwe pixel) uye inotenderera zvikuru nokukurumidza sezvo chifananidzo chinoshanduka.
Izvi zvinogadzira nheyo yegorosi yemufananidzo. Muvara wacho unobva wawedzerwa sechiedza chinopfuura nepamusoro-kuruvara ruvara gumbo uye chinoratidzika kunze kwe micromirrors paDLP Chip sezvo ichikurumidza kuenda kune kana kure nemhepo. Dhigirii rwemagromirror imwe neimwe pamwe chete negivha rinotenderera rinotarisa rinotarisa mararamiro emufananidzo wemufananidzo wakafananidzirwa. Sezvo inodonha kubva pamagetsi, chiedza chinowedzera chinotumirwa kuburikidza ne-lens, inoratidzirwa kunze kwegirazi rimwe chete, uye pahwindo.
Plasma Technology
Plasma TVs, yekutanga terevhizheni kuva nechepeta, yakadzika, "hang-on-wall" fomu chinhu, yakashandiswa kubva kuma 2000 apfuura, asi pakupera kwegore ra2014, vekupedzisira vanosara TV mavhidhiyo (Panasonic, Samsung, uye LG ) vakaguma vachigadzira ivo kushandiswa kwevatengi. Zvisinei, vakawanda vari kushandiswa, uye iwe unogona kunge uchikwanisa kuwana imwe yakagadziridzwa, inoshandiswa, kana pakusununguka.
Plasma TV dzinoshandisa teknolojia inofadza. Kufanana neRTT TV, TV inonzi plasma inobudisa mifananidzo nekugadzira phosphors. Zvisinei, iyo phosphors haibvanidzi nemutsara we electron. Pane kudaro, iyo phosphors muTV yema plasma inotungidzwa nehini inopisa yakawanda, yakafanana nechiedza che fluorescent. Zvose phosphor mifananidzo (pixels) inogona kupiswa panguva imwechete, pane kuti iongororwe nemiti ye electron, sezvinoitika neRCTs. Uyewo, sezvo danda re electroni rinoshandiswa risingadiwi, chido chebhuku rinoputika (CRT) rinobviswa, zvichiita kuti purogiramu yakanaka yebhandi isvike.
Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko pamusoro pekombiyuta yeTV yema plasma, tarisa shamwari yedu mutungamiri .
LCD Technology
Kutora imwe nzira, LCD TVs inewo hutano hwakanaka hwekambani yakafanana nePlasma TV. Izvowo ndiyo inowanzove yakawanda yeTV iripo. Zvisinei, panzvimbo yekuvhenekera phosphors, mapiksesi anenge achingovharwa kana kuti pane imwe nzvimbo inodzosera tsvina.
Mune mamwe mazwi, mufananidzo wose unoratidzwa (kana kuti unozorodzwa) buri 24, 30, 60, kana 120th wechipiri. Zvechokwadi, neLCD iwe unokwanisa kuongororodza huwandu hunosvika 24, 25, 30, 50, 60, 72, 100, 120, 240, kana 480 (kusvika kure). Zvisinei, iyo inowanzoshandiswa yekuvandudza mitengo muLCD TV ndeye 60 kana 120. Ramba uchiyeuka kuti chiyero chekuvandudza hachina kufanana nechirongwa chemafaira .
Inofanirawo kuonekwa kuti LCD pixels haisi kubereka chiedza chavo. Kuti LCD TV iratidze mufananidzo unooneka, mapikisi emaLCD anofanira "kudzokera shure." Chiedza, mune dzimwe nguva, chinogara chiripo. Muchiitiko ichi, mapikiseli anokurumidza kuvharwa uye kurega zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvechifananidzo. Kana mapizikisi aripo, havaregi kubvumira, uye pavanenge varipo, ruzha runouya.
Mamiriro ekudzorera kweLCD TV anogona kuva CCFL kana HCL (fluorescent) kana LED. Izwi rokuti "LED TV" rinoreva kushandiswa kwemagetsi kushandiswa. Zvose maTV maTV ndiyo chaizvo LCD TV .
Kunewo hutaneti hunoshandiswa pamwe chete neshure, sezvakaita pasi rose uye dimming loco. Iyi mitambo ye-dimming inoshandisa LED-based full array kana kuti inopera relightlight system.
Global dimming inogona kusiyanisa huwandu hwemashure ekurohwa pasi mapikisikero emifananidzo yakasviba kana yakajeka, asi kudenga kwemukati kwakagadzirirwa kutsvaga mapoka emapikiseli zvichienderana nedzipi nzvimbo dzechifananidzo dzinoda kuva nerima kana kujekesa kupfuura imwe yose yechifananidzo.
Pamusoro pekudzoka shure uye kudming, imwe teknolojia inoshandiswa pakusarudza LCD TV kuti uwedzere ruvara: quantum dots . Izvi zvinonyanya "kukura" nanoparticles iyo inobata mavara chaiwo. Zvinyorwa zvitsva zvinogona kuiswa pamwe chete neLCD TV mhedhi dzemuhedheni kana pamusana pefirimu pakati pekudzivirira uye LCD pixels. Samsung inotaura nezvevhidhiyo yavo yakawanda-yakagadzirirwa seTLED TVs: Q yevotum dots, uye LED yevhenekeri dze LED-asi hapana chinozivisa TV seLCD chaiyo, iyo ndiyo.
Kuti uwane mamwe maLCD TV, kusanganisira kutenga mazano, onawo Mutungamiri weLCD TV .
OLED Technology
OLED ndiyo inyanzvi itsva yeTV inowanikwa kune vatengi. Iyo yakashandiswa mumaserura efoni, mahwendefa, uye zvimwe zvinyorwa zviduku zvekrini kwekanguva, asi kubva muna 2013 zvakashandiswa zvakajeka kumashandisirwo makuru ekutenga vatengi veTV.
OLED inomirira chiedza chemazuva-emitting diode. Kuti richengetedze rive nyore, chinyorwa chacho chinoitwa ne pixel-size, zvikamu zvakasikwa zvakasikwa (kwete, hazvisi zvechokwadi zviripo). OLED ine zvimwe zvezvinhu zvose zveLCD uye plasma TV.
Izvo zvinonzi OLED zvakafanana neLCD ndeyekuti OLED inogona kuiswa muzvikamu zviduku zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti utete hwomutambo weTV unogadziriswa uye simba rekushandisa simba rinoshandiswa. Zvisinei, sekufanana neLCD, OLED maTV anozviisa pasi pekufa kwepikelisi yakaremara.
Izvo zvinonzi OLED zvakafanana ne plasma ndezvokuti pixels iri kuzvidzora (hapana kumbomira, kupera-chiedza, kana kupera kwemunharaunda kunodiwa), yakadzika midzi yeusiya inogona kubudiswa (chaizvoizvo, OLED inogona kubudisa muto wakazara), OLED inopa chinhu chakasiyana-siyana chisingatariswi kuona maonero, kuenzanisa zvakanaka mumashoko ekufambisa kwakanaka kupindura. Zvisinei, se plasma, OLED inotarirwa kupisa-in.
Uyewo, zviratidzo ndezvokuti zvikwangwani zveOLED zvine upenyu hupfupi kupfuura LCD kana plasma, kunyanya mukamu rebhuruu rwemavara. Mukuwedzera, ikozvino maOLED mapurisa ekugadzira mapurisa ehukuru hwemahwindo ekudhinda maTV dzakawanda kwazvo kana achienzaniswa nemamwe magetsi ose aripo eTV.
Zvisinei, kuenda pamwe chete nemafungiro nemaitiro, OLED inofungidzirwa nevakawanda kuti varatidze mifananidzo yakanakisisa yakaonekwa kusvika ikozvino mune teknolojia yeTV. Uyewo, chimwe chimiro chemiviri yehuterevhizheni yeOLED ndeyekuti mapaneti akareruka zvokuti anogona kugadziriswa, zvichiguma nekugadzirwa kwemaTV-screen screen . (Dzimwe LCD TV dzakagadzirwa nemifananidzo yakavezwawo.)
OLED teknolojia inogona kushandiswa munzira dzakawanda dzeTV. Zvisinei, imwe nzira iyo LG yakagadzirwa ndiyo inowanzoshandiswa mukushandiswa. Iyo LG inotumidzwa seWRGB. WRGB inobatanidza nyeredzi yeOLED inobudisa-subitixels dzine tsvuku dzvuku, dzvuku, uye dzebhuruu. Nzira yeLGG inotarisirwa kugadzirisa kukanganisa kwemavara matsvuku emavara echinyakare iyo inoita seinoitika ne-blue self-emitting pixels OLED.
Fixed-Pixel Displays
Pasinei kusiyana kweplasma, LCD, DLP, uye maTV maTV, vose vanogovana chinhu chimwe chete.
Plasma, LCD, DLP, uye MaTV maTV ane nhamba yakakwana yemapikiseli epikicha; saka, ivo "vakagadzirirwa-pixel" inoratidza. Zviratidzo zvekuisa zvine mazano akasimudzwa zvinofanira kuenzaniswa kuti zvikwanise kuenzana nepikisi yeminda yema plasma, LCD, DLP, kana OLED kuratidza. Semuenzaniso, chiratidzo chinonzi 1080i HDTV chiziviso chinoda chiratidziro chekuzvarwa che 1920x1080 pixels kune imwe-imwe-imwe chiratidzo chemufananidzo weHDTV.
Zvisinei, sezvo plasma, LCD, DLP, uye ma TVvheti eOLED zvinogona kuratidza mifananidzo inofambira mberi, 1080i zviratidzo zvinoshandiswa nguva dzose zvinosanganisira deinterlaced kusvika 1080p kuti dziratidze pane 1080p TV, kana kuti deinterlaced uye yakavhara kusvika ku 768p, 720p, kana 480p, zvichienderana ne native pixel resolution yeTV chaiyo. Zvechokwadi, hapana chakadaro seLCD 1080i, plasma, DLP, kana OLED TV.
The Bottom Line
Kana zvasvika pakuisa chimiro chinofadza pane firimu reTV, zvakawanda zvekombiyuta zvinobatanidzwa, uye teknolojia yega yega yakashandiswa munguva yakapfuura uye yemazuva ino inobatsira uye zvisingabatsiri. Zvisinei, chido chave chiripo kuita kuti teknolojia iyo "isingaonekwi" kumutariri. Kunyangwe iwe uchida kuzive nheyo dzemagetsi, pamwe chete nezvimwe zvose zvaunoshuva uye izvo zvichafanirwa mukamuri yako , nheyo yepamusoro ndeyokuti chii chaunoona pachikona chinoratidzika zvakanaka kune iwe uye chaunoda kuti uite izvo zvinoitika.