Chikonzero nei smartphone yako yakafanana neR2-D2 kupfuura Terminator
Muchidimbu cheuchenjeri hwekugadzira, AI isayenzi yekusika mapurogiramu akachenjera emakombiyuta nemichina mukuedza kutevedzera maitiro evanhu eunyanzvi.
Uchenjeri huripo (kubva panguva ino hwakanyorwa seAI munyaya ino) uye kombiyuta haigoni kushamwaridzana uye kana iwe usingazvizivi, II inobatsira zvikuru muupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva. Zvechokwadi, zvishoma pasi HAL 9000 uye zvakare iPhone X. Heino mhemberero shomanana yekuti AI yakatanga kupi, kwairi nhasi, uye kuti inotungamira mune ramangwana.
The History of Artificial Intelligence
Kubva pamambakwedza emakombiyuta pakati pezana remakore rechi20, AI yave iri pamusoro pemafungiro emasayendisiti mazhinji emakombiyuta; chirango chacho chakarondedzerwa uye chakaumbwa kuDartmouth College muna 1956. Pakarepo mushure mekunge, iyo mabhizimisi yakaona kubhadharwa kwemari uye yakaratidzika sokuti huchenjeri hwevanhu hwepamusoro hwakanga hwava pedyo.
Pakutanga AI yaive nebasa rekugadzirisa mazai, kukurukurirana mumashoko akareruka, uye marobhoti anofamba mavara.
Asi mushure memakore makumi maviri, chivimbiso chehuchenjeri hwevanhu-pedo hwakanga husati hwasvika. Kushandiswa kwekombiyuta simba kwakagadzirisa zvakawanda zvakaoma mabasa asingakwanisi uye sezvo rubatsiro rwevanhu rwese rwakatanga kushamiswa, ndizvo zvakaitawo mari. Chinonyanya kukosha, vatsvakurudzi vakange vati-vimbisa uye vasati vadzikinurwa, izvo zvakavhara varimi.
Chechi yechipiri mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe nemasere akaona kubhurwa kwekombiyuta inogona kuita zvisarudzo zvichienderana nehuwandu hwezvinetso zvekutanga. Uyezve aya aya AI akanga ari mbeveve. Vakanga vasina mabasa anobatsira, saka mhizha yacho yakatambudzwa zvakare makore mashomanana gare gare.
Zvadaro, boka idzva rehuchenjeri hwemagetsi rakatanga kubuda: Machine kudzidzira, umo makombiyuta anodzidza nekuvandudza kubva pane zvaanoziva panzvimbo yekuda kurongedzwa zvakananga kune rimwe basa. Muna 1997, semugumisiro wemichina yekudzidza magetsi, ma-computeri akarova munhu muchechi chekisi yekutanga uye makore gumi nemana gare gare, kombiyuta yakaitwa Watson yakakunda makwikwi maviri evanhu muJeopardy!
Mavambo ekutanga kwema2000 kusvika nhasi ave ari emvura yakakwirira yeunyanzvi hwekugadzira. Zvimwe zvikamu zveunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvakagadzira, kusanganisira minda yehupfumi, mararamiro emashure uye kudzidza kwakadzika. Nenguva dzose makombiyuta anokwanisa kuita mabasa akawanda akaoma, AI yakaona kuchinja kukuru uye yava chikamu chinokosha chehupenyu hwezuva nezuva, hunochinja zvinhu zvose kubva pakudhaira kwako kuenda kunoshanda kune cat yawakapiwa naamai vako.
AI Ikozvino
Nhasi, njere dzekugadzira dzakawana zvibvumirano zvisingaverengeki. Tsvakurudzo inotarisa pamusoro pechinhu chipi zvacho chekushanda, asi mabhoti, motokari, uye kunyange drones ndevamwe vanozivikanwa zvikuru.
Simulations uye yakarongeka mamiriro ezvinhu ndeimwe nzvimbo yakabatsirwa nekuwedzera kwekombiyuta simba. Zvechokwadi, rimwe remitambo yemavhidhiyo simulati rave rakanyatsonzwisisika uye rakajeka kuti rakatungamirira vamwe kuti vataure kuti tinofanira kunge tiri kurarama mumakombiyuta ekuenzanisa.
Pakupedzisira, kudzidzira mutauro ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinokurudzira uye zvakaoma AI mapurogiramu ari kushanda nhasi. Zvechokwadi, Siri inogona kupindura mubvunzo nemhinduro yakagara isarongwa, asi rudzi rwekukurukurirana kwawakaona mu Interstellar pakati peTARS naMateu McConaughey hunhu huri nzira dzekubuda.
AI muHupenyu Hwenyu Hwezuva nezuva
E-mail spam filters - Kana iwe unomboshamisika kuti nei usingaoni emaimeri kubva kuNigeria machinda zvakare, unogona kuonga huchenjeri hwemagetsi. Spam filters ikozvino inoshandisa AI kuziva nekudzidza kuti maimiriri echokwadi uye ndeapi ega. Uye sezvo aya AI achidzidza, vanovandudza - muna 2012, Google inotaura kuti yakawana 99 muzana ye email spam uye muna 2015, chiyero ichocho chakavandudzwa kusvika 99.9 muzana.
Mobile check check - Ndeipi iyo foni yako inogona kuverenga uye kuisa cheki-kunyange yakanyorwa nemaoko? Iwe wakazvifungidzira - AI. Kuverenga zvinyorwa zvakambove zviri dambudziko kune maAI, asi zvino yava nzvimbo yakawanda. Iye zvino unogona kuona kunyange shanduro dzehupenyu dzemashoko uchishandisa smartphone yako kamera neGoogle Translate.
Facebook tagging - Kutarisa kwemaziso kwave kwenguva yakareba iri nyaya yakakurumbira mukushambadzira mafirimu, asi nenyika iri kuisa mabhiriyoni emifananidzo yezviso zvepaIndaneti mazuva ose, ikozvino ichokwadi. Nguva dzose apo Facebook ichiona uye inokurudzira kuti iwe uise shamwari mumufananidzo, ihwo huchenjeri hunobata basa.
Chii chiri kuchengetwa kweAI yeramangwana?
Kunyange zvazvo mafirimu akaita seThe Terminator uye The Matrix ave nechokwadi kune vamwe vanhu kuti zvichida hatifaniri kunge tichidzidzisa makombiyuta kuti tifunge sei, vatsvakurudzi vanonyanya kufunga nezvekusika C3POs uye WALL-Es. Ndinobatsira AI semotokari dzisingadzori, mafoni nemapurisa anofanotaura zvose zvaunoda, uye kunyange mabhoti anounza zvinotengeswa zvose zviri pedyo nekona.
Uye sezvatinoenderera mberi tichienda kune dzimwe nyeredzi, ma robots anochengetedzwa neAI achave anokosha mukuongorora nyika dzakashata nevanhu.
Dzimwe nyanzvi dzakadai saElon Musk dzinonyevera kuti maAI anonyanya kuisa njodzi huru nezvinetso zvakadai sevharoti inotora inenge inenge inenge yese yebasa, kunyanya iyo iri mukugadzira, iyo yakatoona kurasikirwa kwebasa rakawanda nekuda kwekugadzirisa. Kunyange zvakadaro, kufambira mberi muAI kunofamba mberi, kunyange kana tisingazivi kuti iri kutungamira.