Chii File File?

Nzira yekuzarura, kuchinja, uye kushandura mafaira ePEM

Imwe faira ine PEM yakawedzerwa yefaira ndeyeIndaneti Yakasimbiswa Chete yeChipatimendi cheMavilisi inoshandiswa kubudisa email yega. Munhu anogamuchira iyi email anogona kuva nechivimbo chokuti shoko racho harina kuchinjwa panguva yekuparidzirwa kwayo, harina kuratidzwa kune ani zvake, uye rakatumirwa nemunhu anonzi akazvitumira.

Imufananidzo wePEM wakabuda kunze kwekunetseka kwekutumira dhinary data kuburikidza ne email. PEM format inodzokorora binary nebhasi64 kuitira kuti iite seketani ye ASCII.

PEM format yakashandurwa nemhando itsva uye yakachengeteka yakagadzirwa nehutano asi mudziyo wePEM unoshandiswa mazuva ano kuti ubatisise zvigwaro zvemafaira ehurumende, mashizha ehurumende uye ega ega, zvidzidzo zvemidzi, nezvimwewo.

Cherechedza: Mamwe mafaira mumutauro wePEM angangoshandisa shanduro yakasiyana yefaira, seCER kana CRT yezvikwangwani, kana KEY yezvigadzirwa zvepachena kana zvepachena.

Nzira Yokuzarura PEM Files

Matanho ekuzarura faira yePEM yakasiyana nekuenderana neshoko rinodikanwa naro uye sangano rekushandisa rauri kushandisa. Zvisinei, ungada kuchinja PEM yako kuCER kana CRT kuitira kuti dzimwe dzezvirongwa izvi dzigamuchire faira.

Windows

Kana iwe uchida iyo CER kana CRT file mumuteresi we email weMicrosoft seAptlook, vhura nayo muInternet Explorer kuti uite zviri nyore kuvhara yakakodzera. Muteereri wekombiyuta anogona kuishandisa mazviri kubva ipapo.

Kuti uone kuti zvipi zvepafaira zvinotakurwa mukombiyuta yako, uye kuti uitore zvimunhu, shandisa Internet Explorer's Tools menyu kuti uwane Internet Options> Zvitete> Zvitatimiti .

Kuti uwane iyo CER kana CRT file muWindows, tanga nokuvhura Microsoft Management Console kubva pa Run box box (shandisa Windows Key + R mutsara wekombiki kuti uise mmc ). Kubva ipapo, enda kuFaira> Wedzera / Bvisa Snap-in ... uye Sarudza Zvitikiti kubva kuruboshwe rworuboshwe, uye ipapo Bhokisi> Wedzera iri pakati pehwindo. Sarudza Konji yekombiyuta pane chinyorwa chinotevera, uye wobva waenda kuburikidza neWizard, uchisarudza kombiyuta yeKuta paunobvunzwa.

Pane imwechete "Zvitikiti" zvakatakurwa pasi pe "Console Root," wedzera faira uye chengetedza zvakarurama Trusted Root Certification Authorityities , uye sarudza Maitiro> Ita ....

MacOS

Izvochete pfungwa ndeyechokwadi kune email yako yekombiyuta yekombiyuta sezvo iri yeWindows imwe; shandisa Safari kuti uve nePEM file inopindwa muChincho Access.

Iwe unogonawo kutora zvitifiketi zveSSSL kuburikidza neFichi> Zvimwe Zvokutenga ... menyu muChincho Access. Sarudza Shanduro kubva kumenyu inodonha uye wozotevera pa-skrini inokurudzira.

Kana nzira idzi dzisingashandisi kutumira fomu yePEM ku macOS, unogona kuedza murairo unotevera:

kuchengeteka kupinda yakofile.pem -k ~ / Library / Keychains / login.keychain

Linux

Shandisa iyi keytool murairo kuti uone zviri mukati pefaira rePEM pane Linux:

keytool -printcert -file yourfile.pem

Tevera matanho aya kana iwe uchida kutumira faira reRCT muChivimbiso cheTinux chinotendwa simba repository (ona PEM kuenda kuCTT nzira yekushandura muchikamu chinotevera pasi apa kana une PEM file pane):

1. Enda kune / usr / share / ca-zvitifiketi / .
2. Ita faira ipapo (somuenzaniso, sudo mkdir / usr / share / ca-zvitiketi / basa ).
3. Kopota iyo .CRT file mune iyo faira yakangogadzirwa. Kana iwe uchida kuzviita nemaune, unogona kushandisa mutemo uyu pane: sudo cp yourfile.crt /usr/share/ca-certificates/work/yourfile.crt .
4. Iva nechokwadi chekuti zvibvumirano zvakagadzirirwa zvakarurama (755 yefaira uye 644 yefaira).
5. Run the sudo update-ca-certificates command.

Firefox uye Thunderbird

Kana iyo faira yePEM inoda kutumirwa kumuteereri we email weMozilla seTynderbird, ungada kutanga kutumira PEM faira kunze kweFirefox. Vhura Menyu yeFirefox uye sarudza Options . Enda Kwakazotevera> Zvitatimiti> Ona Zvitatimiti> Zviti Zvako Zvitete uye sarudza iyo yaunoda kuitengesa, uye osarudza Backup ....

Zvadaro, muTurnderbird, shandisa menyu uye chengetai kana tapota Zvimwe . Enda kuZvikwata > Zvitatimiti> Gadzirisa Zvitivheti> Zviti Zvako Zvako> Ngva .... Kubva ku "Zita refaira:" chikamu cheWeight window, sarudza Certificate Files kubva pakudonha, uye wozowana nekuzarura PEM file.

Kuti uwane pemu faira ku Firefox, totevera zvinotevera matanho aunogona kutengesa imwe, asi sarudza Imba ... panzvimbo yeBackup ....

Java KeyStore

Ona iyi Fadhi Inofambisa faira pakunyorera faira yePEM kuJava KeyStore (JKS) kana uchida kuita izvozvo. Imwe nzira inogona kushanda ndeyokushandisa iriyiyitil tool.

Nzira Yokushandura PEM File

Kusiyana nefomu dzakawanda dzefaira dzinogona kushandurwa nefaira rekushandura chimbo kana webhusaiti , unoda kuisa mirairo inokosha pamusoro peimwe chirongwa kuitira kuti uchinje PEM mafaira mafaira kune mamwe maitiro.

Shandura PEM kune PPK nePuTTYGen. Sarudza Mutoro kubva kuruoko rworudyi rwepurogiramu, sarudza faira faira kuti uve chero faira (*. *), Uye ongotarisa uye wozarura PEM yako file. Sarudza Chengeta kona yega yega kuti uite PPK file.

Ne OpenSSL (ona Windows version pano), unogona kushandura PEM faira ku PFX nemurairo unotevera:

openssl pkcs12 -inkey yourfile.pem -in yourfile.cert -export -ve yourfile.pfx

Kana iwe une PEM faira inoda kuchinjwa kuCRT, kufanana nezvakaitika naBuntu, shandisa murayiro uyu ne OpenSSL:

openssl x509 -in yourfile.pem -inform PEM -kunyora yourfile.crt

OpenSSL inobatsirawo kutendeuka .PEM kune .P12 (PKCS # 12, kana kuti Public Key Cryptography Standard # 12), asi shandisa "TXT" kuwedzera kwefaira pamagumo efaira usati watanga murairo uyu:

openssl pkcs12 -export -inkey yourfile.pem.txt -in yourfile.pem.txt -out yourfile.p12

Ona Gwaro Rokufuratira rinopfuura pamusoro pekushandisa PEM faira neJava KeyStore kana uchida kushandura faira kuJKS, kana ichi chidzidzo kubva kuOracle kutumira faira muJava truststore.

Mamwe Mashoko pamusoro pePEM

Nhoroondo yekuvimbika kwehutano yeIndaneti Enhanced Mail Certificate format inoshandisa RSA-MD2 uye RSA- MD5 mhinduro inoshandiswa kuti ienzanise nemashoko asati apedza uye pashure pokunge yatumwa, kuve nechokwadi kuti haina kumbobviswa munzira.

Pakutanga kwePEM file ndeye musoro unofanirwa kuverenga ----- BEGIN [label] ----- , uye kuguma kwedheta ibasa rakafanana neizvi: ----- END [label] ----. Iyo "[label]" chikamu chinotsanangura shoko, saka inogona kuverenga PRIVATE KEY, CERTIFICATE REQUEST, kana CERTIFICATE .

Heano muenzaniso:

----- PANOTANGIRA Private ANOKOSHA ----- MIICdgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAmAwggJcAgEAAoGBAMLgD0kAKDb5cFyP jbwNfR5CtewdXC + kMXAWD8DLxiTTvhMW7qVnlwOm36mZlszHKvsRf05lT4pegiFM 9z2j1OlaN + Ci / X7NU22TNN6crYSiN77FjYJP464j876ndSxyD + rzys386T + 1r1aZ aggEdkj1TsSsv1zWIYKlPIjlvhuxAgMBAAECgYA0aH + T2Vf3WOPv8KdkcJg6gCRe yJKXOWgWRcicx / CUzOEsTxmFIDPLxqAWA3k7v0B + 3vjGw5Y9lycV / 5XqXNoQI14j y09iNsumds13u5AKkGdTJnZhQ7UKdoVHfuP44ZdOv / rJ5 / VD6F4zWywpe90pcbK + AWDVtusgGQBSieEl1QJBAOyVrUG5l2yoUBtd2zr / kiGm / DYyXlIthQO / A3 / LngDW 5 / ydGxVsT7lAVOgCsoT + 0L4efTh90PjzW8LPQrPBWVMCQQDS3h / FtYYd5lfz + FNL 9CEe1F1w9l8P749uNUD0g317zv1tatIqVCsQWHfVHNdVvfQ + vSFw38OORO00Xqs9 1GJrAkBkoXXEkxCZoy4PteheO / 8IWWLGGr6L7di6MzFl1lIqwT6D8L9oaV2vynFT DnKop0pa09Unhjyw57KMNmSE2SUJAkEArloTEzpgRmCq4IK2 / NpCeGdHS5uqRlbh 1VIa / xGps7EWQl5Mn8swQDel / YP3WGHTjfx7pgSegQfkyaRtGpZ9OQJAa9Vumj8m JAAtI0Bnga8hgQx7BhTQY4CadDxyiRGOGYhwUzYVCqkb2sbVRH9HnwUaJT7cWBY3 RnJdHOMXWem7 / W == ----- MUGUMO Private ANOKOSHA -----

Imwe faira yePEM inogona kuva nezvikwangwani zvakawanda, pane izvozvi "END" uye "BEGIN" zvikamu zvakaparadzana.

Purogiramu Yako Haisi Kuzarura Here?

Chimwe chikonzero nei faira yako isingasvinuri munzira dzinotsanangurwa pamusoro apa kuti iwe hausi kunyatsobata nePEM file. Iwe unogona kunge uine faira iyo inoshandisa shanduro yakafanana yefaira. Kana zvakadaro, hapana chinodikanwa kuti mafaira maviri ave akaenzana kana kuti avashande pamwe chete nemapurogiramu epurogiramu.

Semuenzaniso, PEF inotarisa zvakashata zvakadai sePEM asi panzvimbo yeyo Pentax Raw Image file format kana Portable Embosser Format. Tevera iyo link kuti uone kuzarura kana kushandura pef file, kana ndizvo zvauri chaizvo.

Kana uri kutarisana neFIY yefaira, ziva kuti haisi mafaira ose anopedzisira .VANHU vari mumhando yakatsanangurwa papeji ino. Vanokwanisa kunge vari maFiles License Key mafaira anoshandiswa pavanyoresa mapurogiramu epurogiramu akaita LightWave, kana kuti Keynote Presentation mafaira akasika Apple Keynote.

Kana uri nechokwadi kuti une PEM file asi uri nematambudziko achivhura kana kuti akashandisa, ona Ita Zita Rakawanda kuti uwane ruzivo pamusoro pekutaura neni pamagariro evanhu kana maimi e-mail, kutumira pane zvigaro zvekuchengetedza zvigadzirwa, uye nezvimwe. Rega ndizive kuti ndivanaani matambudziko aunayo uye ndichaona zvandingaita kuti ndibatsire.