Mumakombiyuta ekutengesa, mushure mutsva inenge yakakonzerwa nekutengesa mitambo yepamutambo pakukurumidza. Backbones funga mitambo yemunharaunda (LANs) uye nzvimbo dzakawanda dzenzvimbo (WANs) pamwechete. Network backbackes yakagadzirirwa kuwedzera kuvimbika nekushanda kwemahombekombe, kure-kure kwekukurukurirana kwemashoko. Inonyanya kuzivikanwa network backbones ndiyo inoshandiswa paInternet.
Internet Backbone Technology
Kwose kwose kushandiswa kwepaIndaneti, kubudiswa kwevhidhiyo, nezvimwe zvinowanzoitika mumutambo wepaIndaneti zvinotenderera kuburikidza neInternet backbase. Izvo zvinosanganisira network routers uye switch dzinowanzobatanidzwa ne fiber optic cables (kunyange zvazvo dzimwe Ethernet segments pamusika wemugwagwa mushure links zvinowanikwawo). Nhengo imwe neimwe inobatanidzwa pamutsana inowanzopa 100 Gbps yenethiwekhi bandwidth . Makombiyuta haambowanzobatanidza mushure mutsva. Pane kudaro, mashizha epaInternet service providers kana masangano makuru anoshamwaridzana nemashure aya uye makombiyuta vanopinda mushure mutsva pasina.
Muna 1986, US National Science Foundation (NSF) yakagadzira musana wekutanga wetsamba yeInternet. Nhamba yekutanga yeNSFNET inongowanikwa 56 Kbps - kubudirira kunokanganisa nemazuva ano - kunyange yakakurumidza kugadziridzwa kusvika 1.544 Mbps T1 line uye 45 Mbps T3 na1 1991. Masangano akawanda ezvidzidzo uye masangano ekutsvakurudza akashandisa NSFNET,
Mumakore ekuma1990, kukura kwemaInternet kwakanyanya kubhadharwa nemakambani akazvimirira akavaka mazamu avo. IInternet yakazopedzisira yava rutivi rwemashure maduku anokonzerwa neInternet Service Providers iyo inopinda munyika yakakura uye yekunze kumashure inoshandiswa nemakambani makuru ezviterevhizheni.
Backbones uye Link Aggregation
Imwe nzira yekugadzirisa iyo yakanyanyisa yakawanda yedhamba rekutengesa inotenderera kuburikidza ne network network backbon inonzi " link aggregation" kana trunking. Link aggregation inosanganisira kushandiswa kwakarongeka kwezvikwata zvepanyama zvakanyanya pama routers kana kushanduka kwekutumira rimwe chete dhi data. Somuenzaniso, zviyero zvina zana zveGbps zvinoshamwaridzana izvo zvinowanzosigira zvakasiyana-siyana mafashamo anokwanisa kuunganidzana pamwechete kuti ipe imwe, 400 Gbps denderedzwa. Vatungamiri veNetamende vanogadzirisa hardware pane imwe neimwe yemigumo yekubatana kuti vatsigire ichi chekuita.
Matambudziko ne Network Backbones
Pamusana pezvavanonyanya kuita paIndaneti uye pasi resekutaurirana, kusungirirwa kwemashure ndekuda kwekutsvaga kwekukuvadza. Vapiro vanowanzochengetedza nzvimbo uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvemashure avo zvakachengetwa pachikonzero ichi. Chimwe chidzidzo cheyunivhesiti paInternet backbone conduits muUnited States, somuenzaniso, inoda makore mana ekutsvakurudza uye ichiri kusina kukwana.
Dzimwe hurumende dzehurumende dzimwe nguva dzinochengetedza zvakasimba kudarika kwenyika dzadzo dzisingabvumirwi uye dzinogona kuvhara kana kubvisa zvachose kuwanikwa kweInternet kune vagari vayo. Kushamwaridzana pakati pekambani huru uye zvibvumirano zvavo zvekugovana mitambo yakawanda zvinowanzoita kuti zvive nyore kushandiswa kwebhizimisi. Pfungwa yekusapindira mune zvematongerwe enyika inotenderera kune vadzidzisi uye vanochengetedza mushure mekunamata mitemo kuchengetedza mitemo yenyika uye yepasi rose nekuita bhizimisi zvakanaka.