Kwevera vaverengi vakawanda vane nzvimbo inoenderana nezvose zvinodiwa
Nokuita iwe webhusaiti yako kufambidzana nevanhu vane hurema, iwe unopedzisa kugadzira unowanikwa kune wese wese. Kutaura zvazviri, kuita kuti webhusaiti yako ive nyore kufambidzana inogona kubatsira vanhu kuwana webhusaiti yako muzvinjini. Sei? Nokuti mitsva yekutsvaga inoshandisa zvimwe zviratidzo zvakafanana izvo vaverengi vemawindo vanoita kuitira kuti vawane uye vanzwisise zviri muwebhu yako.
Asi iwe unonyatsoita sei iwe webhusaiti yepamusoro usina kuva nyanzvi yekunyora coding?
Heano mamwe mazano uye matanho anenge anenge chero ani ane ruzivo rwekushandisa re HTML anogona kushandisa kuvandudza ruzivo rwekutsvaga kwewebhu.
Zvirongwa zvekushandisa kweWebhu
W3C ine runyararo rwandu hwehutachiona hwehutachiona hunogona kushandiswa sechitsvaga kuti uone zvinetso zvingave newebsite yako. Izvo zvakati, ndichiri kukurudzira kuita chimwe chekuongorora nemuverengi wekona uye uchizvionera iwe pachako.
Kufanana Kuverenga: Chii Chinonzi Assistive Technology uye Chinoshanda Sei?
Kunzwisisa Vaverengi Vemavara
Imwe yenzira dzinonyanya kukosha iwe unogona kuvandudza kuwanika kwewebsite yako ndeyekuti uone kuti inogona kunzwisiswa nevaverengi vekrini. Vaverengi vekushandisa vanoshandisa izwi rakagadzirwa kuti vaverenge zvinyorwa pachiyero. Izvozvo zvinonzwika zvakananga; zvisinei, vaverengi vepa screen vanogona kunge vasinganzwisisi webhusaiti yako nenzira yawakagadzirirwa nayo iye zvino.
Chinhu chokutanga chaungada kuedza ndechokuedza muverengi wekona uye ona kuti inoenda sei. Kana uri pane Mac, edza kushandisa VoiceOver.
- Endai kuZvinyorwa Zveshanduro.
- Sarudza Kubatikana.
- Sarudza VoiceOver.
- Chengetedza bhokisi reNyika VoiceOver.
Iwe unogona kuikanda pasi uye kubvisa uchishandisa command-F5.
Kana iwe uri paWindows machine, unogona kuda kutora NVDA. Iwe unogona kuisimudza kuti ushandise uye uende nechekugadzirisa kutonga + alt + n.
Vose vaverengi vechirungu vanoshanda nekurega mutengi achifamba ne keyboard (izvi zvinonzwisisika - kana iwe usingakwanise kuona, kushandisa mouse kunenge iri dambudziko) uye nekusika nzvimbo yekutarisa. Chinonyanya kukosha apo iyo keyboard iri "yakarongedzwa," asi inowanzoratidzwa sebhokisi rakasimbiswa kune chinhu chinotarisa pane chinangwa.
Iwe unogona kuchinja zvose izwi pitch uye nekukurumidza iyo izwi rinowedzera kana zvigadziriro zvisingagadziri zvinoshungurudza (uye mushure memaminitsi anenge mashanu okuteerera izwi rinononoka inzwi rinowona, ivo kazhinji vari). Vanhu mapofu vanowanzoverenga mawebhusayithi neavo vanoverenga vheji vachigadzirirwa kusvika kukurumidza.
Zvinogona kubatsira kuvhura maziso ako paunenge uchiita izvi, asi zvinogonawo kubatsira kuti ugare wakazaruka uye uenzanise. Zvimwe zvezvinhu zvaunogona kungoona nokukurumidza paunenge uchiedza kuteerera pawebsite yako ndezvokuti zvimwe zvinyorwa zvingave zvisingabviri. Misoro nematafura zvinogona kukanganisa. Mifananidzo inogona kupwanyiswa kana inogona kuti "mufananidzo" kana chimwe chinhu chakafanana chisingabatsiri. Matafura anowanzoverengwa sezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana pasina mamiriro ezvinhu.
Unogona, tarisira, gadzirisa izvi.
Alt-Tags kana mamwe maitiro
I-alt-tag kana mamwe maitiro (alt) maitiro anoshandiswa mu HTML kurondedzera mufananidzo. Mu HTML, inotarisa chimwe chinhu chakadai:
Kunyange kana iwe ukaita webhusaiti yako nechinhu chekuona chinosvitsa HTML yako code, iwe unenge uine nguva yega yega yekuwana mufananidzo wetsanangudzo. Iwe haugoni kupinda chinhu (alt = "") asi zvingava zviri nani kupa chifananidzo chimwe chinhu tsanangudzo inobatsira. Kana iwe waiva mapofu, chii chaunoda kuziva nezvechifananidzo? "Mukadzi" hausi rubatsiro rukuru, asi zvichida "Mukadzi ari kukonzera kugadzirwa kwechati chinosanganisira kusvikidzika, kushandiswa, kutengesa, uye kugadzirwa."
Title Text
Nzvimbo dzeIndaneti hadzisi kuratidza mutemo we HTML, asi inobatsira vaverengi vekrini. Iva nechokwadi chekuti mapeji ewebsite yako ane tsanangudzo (asi kwete kupfuura verbose) chinyorwa chinoudza vashanyi kuti peji iri chii.
Ipai Iwe Webhu Mashoko Akanaka Mashoko Akadzoka
Shandisai zvinyorwa zvemashoko makuru nemusoro, uye, kana zvichibvira, shandisa headers neH1, H2, H3 hurumende yakakodzera. Haisi kungoita kuti webhusaiti yako ive nyore kuverenga vaverengi, zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kune vamwe vose. Izvo zvakare chiratidzo chikuru cheGoogle nedzimwe injini dzekutsvaga kuti dzibatsire zviri nani kuratidza website yako.
Saizvozvowo, iwe unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi kuti webhusaiti yako iri mune zvakarongeka zvakagadziriswa uye kuti hauna mabhokisi emashoko asina kufanana anooneka. Kana uri kushandisa zviziviso, tarisa kuti matanho ako haasi kunyanya kupisa uye kutyora mutsamba pawebsite yako kakawanda.
Ita Zviri nani Tables
Kana uri kushandisa HTML matafura, iwe unogona kuwedzera mashoko mumatafura ako uchishandisa tag kuti uite kuti zvive nyore kunzwisisa nevadzidzi vemahwindo kwete kungoita zita retafura mumutauro wakanyora. Iwe unogonawo kuwedzera "chikwata" ichocho uye kunyatsoratidza mabheji matsva nemadzamu mutafura yako kuti vaverengi vemawindo vasangobatanidzwa pamatafura ematafura asina kupa chero mamiriro ezvinhu.
Keyboard Navigation
Nenzira yakawanda, chero chinhu chipi zvacho chaunoshandisa pa webhusaiti yako chinofanira kuva chimwe chinhu icho munhu angangodaro achiita achishandisa keyboard chete. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti kufamba kwako zvikwangwani hazvifaniri kunge zvichishamwaridzana mabhodhi ekudonha kana iwe usingakwanisi kuishandisa nemucherechedzi wekrini (edzai uye ona kana iwe usina chokwadi - mamwe mabhatani akarongwa nokuda kwekushandisa keyboard.)
Yakavharwa Mashoko
Kana iwe uchiwedzera mavhidhiyo kana zvinyorwa zvekutumira kune webhusaiti yako, vanofanirwa kunge vane zvinyorwa. HTML5 uye yakawanda video streaming services (seYouTube) inopa rubatsiro rwakavharwa. Mavheti akavharwa haabatsiri chete kubatikana asiwo kune vashandisi vangave vachitsvaga webhusaiti yenyu pane imwe nzvimbo iyo vasingagoni kutamba mutinhi, sekufisi kana munzvimbo inofadza.
Nepodcasts kana zvimwe zvinyorwa zvemashoko, funga kugovera zvinyorwa zvinyorwa. Kwete chete inobatsira kune avo vasingagoni kuteerera inzwi, kuva nerunyoro kuchaita kuti zvive nyore kune Google uye mamwe injini dzekutsvaga kurondedzera izvo zvakagadzirwa uye kubatsira Google yako .
ARIA
Kana iwe uchida kuenda kune yakakwirira yezinga rekugoneka, mazita eHTML5 ARIA kana WAI-ARIA anongoda kuva itsva inotungamira mberi. Zvisinei, iyi inonetsa (uye inobudirira) bhuku rezvenyanzvi, saka izvo zvaungaita ndoshandisa ARIA validator kuverenga kuti uone kana webhusaiti yako ine chero dambudziko raunogona kutarisa. Mozilla inewo mutungamiri wepamusoro wekutaurika wokutanga neAARIA.