Semakombiyuta, kunyanya makombiyuta, inoramba ichiita zviduku, zvikamu zvakadai sekuchengetedza zvigadziro zvinodiwa kuti zviwanewo zvakafanana zvishoma. Nekutsvaga kwakasimba-hurumende inotungamirira , yakava nyore nyore kuvaisa mumitambo yakadzika yakadai sa Ultrabooks asi dambudziko raive richiri kushandisa shanduro yeSATA inoenderana nehuwandu. Pakupedzisira, chirongwa cheMSATA chakagadzirwa kuti chigadzire kadhi kadiki yepadhesi iyo inogona kuramba ichishanda pamwe neSATA interface. Dambudziko ikozvino nderokuti mitemo yeSATA 3.0 inokanganisa kushanda kweSSSD. Kuti agadzirise nyaya idzi, fomu itsva yekambani yemakatikoni inogadziriswa inofanira kusimbiswa. Pakutumidzwa kunonzi NGFF (Next Generation Form Factor), iyo inoshandiswa itsva inogadziriswa muM.2 itsva yekutarisa majekiti pasi peSATA version 3.2 tsanangudzo.
Nhanyo Dhanho
Kunyange zvazvo ukuru, hongu, chinhu chinokudziridza hutachiona hutsva, kuwedzerwa kwemotokari kunowanzokosha. Iko SATA 3.0 tsanangudzo inogadziriswa chaiyo-nyika bandwidth ye SSD pane inotungirirwa yekutengesa kusvika 600MB / s, chimwe chinhu icho vakawanda vanotyaira vasvika zvino. Iyo SATA 3.2 tsanangudzo yakaunza nzira itsva yakavhenganiswa yeM.2 interface sezvakaita neSATA Express . Muchidimbu, mami misha itsva inogona kushandisa kana iri SATA 3.0 inotsanangurwa uye inongororerwa 600MB / s kana inogona kusarudza kushandisa PCI-Express inopa bandwidth ya 1GB / s pasi pePII-Express 3.0 iripo mitemo. Iye zvino iyo 1GB / s speed ndiyo imwe PCI-Express nzira. Zvinokwanisika kushandisa nzira dzakawanda uye pasi peM.2.2 SSD tsanangudzo, kusvika kumigwagwa mina inogona kushandiswa. Kushandisa nzira mbiri kunopa 2.0GB / s apo nzira ina dzinokwanisa kupa 4.0GB / s. Nekupedzisira kusunungurwa kwePCI-Express 4.0, idzi dzinokurumidza dzichawedzera.
Iye zvino haasi maitiro ose ari kuita kuti izvi zvibudirire. Iyo M.2 motokari uye chinotaridzirwa pamakombiyuta inofanira kuiswa nenzira imwe chete. Iyo M.2 inotaridzirwa yakagadzirirwa kushandisa chero nhaka ye SATA mamiriro kana mapeji eCI-Express mutsva asi motokari ichasarudza iyo inofanira kushandiswa. Semuenzaniso, M.2 motokari yakagadzirirwa nefa yeSATA yemirairo ichave yakatarwa kune iyo 600MB / s speed. Iye zvino, iyo M.2 motokari inogona kuwirirana neCPI-Express kusvika kumigwagwa 4 (x4) asi kombiyuta inoshandisa nzira mbiri (x2). Izvi zvingaguma nekukwirira kukuru kwe 2.0GB / s chete. Saka kuti uwane zvakanyanya kukurumidza, iwe unoda kutarisa zvose iyo motokari nekombiyuta kana mabhobhobhosi anobatsigira.
Muduku uye Makuru Makuru
Chimwe chezvinangwa zveM.2 motokari yekugadzira kwaiva kuderedza huwandu hwakawanda hwechigadziro chekuchengetedza. Izvi zvinowanikwa mune imwe nzira dzakasiyana siyana. Chokutanga, vakaita kuti makadhi awedzere kudarika mSATA yekare maitiro. M.2 makadhi anenge 22mm akaenzana nekuenzaniswa ne30m mSATA. Makadhi anogonawo kunge akapfupika semangwanani 30mm chete akaenzana ne50 mm mSATA. Misiyano ndeyokuti makadhi eM.2 anotsigira kureba kwenguva yakareba kusvika ku 110mm izvo zvinoreva kuti inogona chaizvo kuva yakakura iyo inopa nzvimbo yakawanda yezviputi uye nokudaro masimba makuru.
Mukuwedzera kune urefu uye upamhi hwemakadhi, panewo sarudzo yemusara mumwe chete kana maviri maviri M.2 board. Nei zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasiyana? Zvakanaka, mapuranga asina ruvara-ruvara anopa mbiri yakaipisisa uye inobatsira kwawtrathin laptops. Rimwe bhiri rimwe, kune rumwe rutivi, rinobvumidza chiputi kaviri kuti chigadziriswe pane M.2 board kuti zvive zvakanyanya zvekuchengetedza zvigaro zvinoshandiswa kumagadziro edzikwikodhi yepakombiyuta uko nzvimbo isingakoshi. Dambudziko nderokuti unofanirwa kuziva kuti ndechipi cheM.2 chikwata chiri pamakombiyuta pamwe nekukwanisa nzvimbo yekureba kwekadhi. Mapips akawanda anongoshandisa imwe-sided connector iyo inoreva kuti haikwanise kushandisa makadhi maviri eM.2 makadhi.
Raira Maitiro
Kwemakore anopfuura gumi, SATA yakaita kuchengetedza kwemakombiyuta plug uye play. Izvi ndezvekuti zvakajeka kushandisa shanduro asi zvakare nekuda kweAHCI (Advanced Host Controller Interface). Iyi inzira iyo kombiyuta inokwanisa kutaurira mirayiridzo nemagetsi ekuchengetedza. Iyo yakavakwa mumaitiro ese emazuva ano ekushanda uye saka haifaniri kuti chero vatengi vanowedzera kuiswa muhurongwa hwekushandisa patinowedzera zvitsva zvitsva. Yakashanda yakakura asi yakave yakagadzirwa munguva yezvinotyisa zvinenge zvisingakwanisi kugadzirisa mirayiridzo nekuda kwechimiro chemotokari misoro uye mapurita. Bhokisi rimwe chete remirairo rine mirairo 32 rakange rakakwana. Dambudziko nderokuti hurumende yakasimba inotya inogona kuita zvakawanda zvakadaro asi inongorongedzwa nevatyairi veAHCI.
Kuti ubatsire kubvisa chigadziro ichi uye kuvandudza kushanda, nhengo yehurumende yeNVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express) uye madereji zvakagadzirwa senzira yekugadzirisa dambudziko iri nekuda kwehutano hwakasimba. Panzvimbo yekushandisa imwe mutsara wemirairo, inopa kusvika 65,536 mirairo yemirasi pamwe nemirairo 65,536 pamutsara. Izvi zvinobvumira zvimwe zvakafanana kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza kwekuverenga nekunyora zvikumbiro izvo zvichabatsira kusimbisa basa pamusoro pehutano hweAHCI.
Kunyange zvazvo ichi chiri chikuru, pane zvishoma zvechinetso. AHCI yakavakwa mumaitiro ose emazuva ano ekushanda asi NVMe haisi. Kuti uwane zvakanakisisa kubva kunze kwezvinotyaira, madereferi anofanirwa kuiswa pamusoro pezvinenge zviripo maitiro ekushandisa kushandisa iyi mutevedzwa wemirairo. Icho chinetso kune vanhu vakawanda pane zvekare kare maitiro ekushanda. Ndinofara kuti M.2 motokari inoshandiswa inobvumira imwe yemadzimai maviri kushandiswa. Izvi zvinogamuchirwa nehutachiona huri nyore nyore nemakombiyuta akange aripo uye teknolojia kuburikidza uchishandisa musangano weAHCI. Zvadaro, sezvo sangano reNVMe rumbiro rwakasimbiswa rinovandudzwa kuva software, motokari imwechete inogona kushandiswa nemutemo uyu mutsva. Ingochenyirwa kuti kuchinja pakati pemadziro maviri kunoda kuti mafambisi acho agadziriswe.
Kuvandudza Simba Rokushandisa
Makombiyuta emafoni ane nguva shomanana yekushanda zvichienderana nehukuru hwemabhatiriyoni avo uye simba rinotorwa nezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana. Mafambiro emamiriro ezvinhu akajeka akagovera zvishoma kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvakachengetwa sekuti vakagadzirisa hupenyu hwebheteri asi pane nzvimbo yekuvandudza. Sezvo M.2 SSD inoshandiswa chikamu cheSATA 3.2 tsanangudzo, inosanganisira zvimwe zvimwe zvinhu kunze kwekushandura. Izvi zvinosanganisira chinhu chitsva chinonzi DevSleep. Sezvo zvirongwa zvakawanda uye zvakawanda zvakagadzirirwa kupinda muhope yepamusoro kana yakavharwa kana kuti yakavharwa panzvimbo yekugadzirisa zvachose pasi, pane kutora nguva dzose pabhateri kuitira kuti mamwe data agone kushanda nokukurumidza apo zvigadzirwa zvinokwidziridzwa. DevSleep inoderedza huwandu hwesimba rinoshandiswa nemichina yakadai saM.2 SSDs kuburikidza nekugadzira hurumende itsva yepasi. Izvi zvinofanira kubatsira kutambanudza nguva inoshandiswa iyo iyo masangano akaiswa kurara pane kuderedzwa pakati pekushandiswa.
Matambudziko Booting
Iyo M.2 inoratidziro inowedzera kukunda kuchengetedza kombiyuta uye kukwanisa kuvandudza kushanda kwemakombiyuta edu. Pane dambudziko shoma nekutanga kushandiswa kwayo kunyange zvakadaro. Kuti uwane hurumende yakanakisa kubva pane zvishandiso zvitsva, kombiyuta inofanira kushandisa bhasi rePCI-Express, zvisinei, inotanga zvakafanana neyese iripo SATA 3.0 motokari. Izvi hazviita sechinhu chikuru asi iyo inongova nechinetso nevakawanda vekutanga mabheji emadzimai anoshandisa chiitiko. Shanduro dzeSSSD dzinopa chiitiko chakanakisisa pachinoshandiswa semudzi kana boot drive. Dambudziko nderekuti yepo Windows software ine dambudziko nevakawanda vanotanga kubhururuka kubva kubhasi rePCI-Express pane kubva kuSATA. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kuva naM.2 motokari uchishandisa PCI-Express panguva yakakurumidza haisi kuzova motokari huru apo inoshandiswa purogiramu kana mapurogiramu akaiswa. Chigumisiro chacho ndechokutsvaga kudhinda data asi kwete boot drive.
Haasi ose emakombiyuta uye maitiro anoshanda ane nyaya iyi. Somuenzaniso, Apple yakagadzira OS X kuti ishandise bhasi reP PCI-Express yezvikamu zvemashoko. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti Apple yakashandura motokari dzavo dzeSDD kuPCI-Express muna 2013 MacBook Air pamberi peM.2 tsanangudzo dzakagadziridzwa. Microsoft yakashandura Windows 10 kuti itsigire zvakakwana mapikisi matsva eCI-Express uye NVMe kana hardware iri kushandiswa pane zvingaita zvakare. Vakuru veWindows vangave vakakwanisa kana hardware inotsigirwa uye vatyairi vekunze vakagadzirwa.
Kushandisa Kwai M.2 Kunobvisa Zvimwe Zvimwe
Imwe nzvimbo yekunetseka kunyanya nekombiyuta amaiboards inotaura nezvekuti M.2 inoratidzirwa yakabatana sei nedzimwe sangano. Iwe unoona kune nhamba shoma yePCI-Express nzira pakati pepurogiramu neyese yekombiyuta. Kuti ushandise PCI-Express inoenderana neM.2 kadi slot, maitibhodi emakwenzi anofanirwa kutora mapurisa aya eCPI-Express kubva kune zvimwe zvikamu pahutano. Kuti iyo nzira dzePCI-Express dzakakamurwa sei pakati pezvigadzirwa pamapuranga ndezvimwe zvinonetsa. Semuenzaniso, vamwe vakugadziri vanogovera nzira dzePCI-Express nematokari eSATA. Nokudaro, kushandisa M.2 motokari slot inogona kutora kusvika kumakumbo mana eSATA. Mune dzimwe nguva. iyo M.2 inogona kugoverana nemigwagwa iyo nemamwe mapurisa eCI-Express. Iva nechokwadi chekutarisa kuti bhodhi rakagadzirirwa sei kunyatsogadzirisa kushandisa M.2 hakuzovhiringidzi nekushandisa kushandiswa kweimwe SATA mafambisi akaoma , DVD kana Blu-ray kana mamwe makadhi ekuwedzera.