The History of Online Gaming 1969 - 2004
Iyi inguva yemazuva ezviitiko zvinokosha munhau yeInternet kutamba. Inosanganisira zviitiko zvakakura mumitambo yemakombiyuta, mitambo yekutengesa, uye teknolojia yeInternet. Icho basa riri kuenderera mberi, saka kana iwe ukaona kukanganisa kana iwe unonzwa chimwe chinhu chakakosha chakakanganwa, tapota inzwa wakasununguka kuti usvike nehuwandu.
1969
ARPANET, nhandare ine nodes kuUCLA, Stanford Research Institute, UC Santa Barbara, uye University of Utah, inotumirwa neDhipatimendi reZviso nokuda kwekutsvakurudza. Leonard Kleinrock paUCLA anotumira mapepa okutanga pamusoro pemutambo sezvaanenge achiedza kurega kupinda muchirongwa che SRI.
1971
ARPANET inokura kusvika kumativi gumi nemashanu uye purogiramu ye email yekutumira mharidzo kune imwe nzvimbo inoparadzirwa yakagadzirwa naRay Tomlinson. Mikana yekufambisa mitambo inotambidzwa nekanyora-mail panguva ino inoonekwa pachena.
1972
Ray anochinja purogiramu ye email yeAarpaneti apo inokurumidza kukunda. Iko @ chiratidzo inoshandiswa kurondedzera tambo seyero ye email.
Atari yakatangwa naNolan Bushnell.
1973
Dave Arneson naGary Gygax vanotengesa mifananidzo yavo yokutanga yakanyorwa yeDungeons neDragons , mutambo unoenderera mberi kukurudzira mafura maviri uye kombiyuta RPGs kusvikira nhasi.
Iko Kakawanda inogadzira mutambo unonzi Adventure muS FORTRAN pakombiyuta ye PDP-1. Don Woods gare gare anoisa Inotambudza pane PDP-10 makore akawanda gare gare uye inova yekutanga inowanzoshandiswa pakombiyuta yemutambo wezvidzidzo.
1974
Telenet, iyo yekutanga yepublic packet data service, iyo yebhizimisi inoshandiswa yeArpANET, inoita kutanga kwayo.
1976
Apple Computer yakagadzirwa.
1977
Radio Shack inotanga TRS-80.
Dave Lebling, Marc Blank, Tim Anderson, naBruce Daniels, boka revadzidzi paMIT, nyora Zork kune PDP-10 minikomputer. Kunyange zvazvo kufanana neAndaneti, mutambo uyu chete-mutambi chete, unowanikwa chaizvo paAARANET. Makore anoverengeka gare gare, Blank naJoel Berez, vane rubatsiro kubva kuna Daniels, Lebling, naScott Cutler, vakabudisa shanduro yekambani Infocom iyo yakamhanya paTrS-80 uye Apple II microcomputers.
1978
Roy Trubshaw anonyora wekutanga MUD (multi-user dungeon) muMACRO-10 (mhandi yemichina ye DEC system-10's). Kunyange zvazvo pakutanga zvishoma kupfuura nhepfenyuro yenzvimbo dzaungagona kufamba uye kutaurirana, Richard Bartle anofarira mushongwa uye mutambo munguva pfupi ine hurongwa hwakanaka hwekurwa. Anenge gore rimwe chete gare gare, Roy naRichard, paEssex University muUnited States, vanogona kushamwaridzana neArpaneti muU.SA kuti vaite mutambo wenyika yose, mutambi wevanhu vakawanda.
1980
Kelton Flinn naJohn Taylor vakasika Dungeons yeKesmai kumakombiyuta Z-80 anoshandisa CPM. Mutambo unoshandisa iAcc graphics, inotsigira vatambi vatanhatu, uye inongoita zvishoma pane zvishoma pane maMUDs okutanga.
1982
Tsanangudzo yekutanga yezwi rokuti "Indaneti" pamusoro.
Intel inotanga 80286 CPU.
Magazini inonzi Time inoti 1982 "Gore reKombiyuta."
1983
Apple Makombiyuta anofukura Lisa. Ndiyo yekutanga yekombiyuta inotengeswa nemufananidzo wemashandisi (GUI). Uine 5 MHz processor, 860 KB 5.25 "floppy drive, 12" monochrome screen, keyboard, uye mouse, iyo inodhura $ 9,995. Kunyange zvazvo Lisa akauya ne1 Megabyte yeRAM inoshamisa, iyo yakava nengozi yemari uye kombiyuta yepamusha haigadziriswi kusvikira kusunungurwa kweMac OS 1.0 pamusoro pegore gare gare.
Mutambo wekutanga weMicrosoft Mouse wakaiswa panguva imwe chete ne Microsoft Word. Makira anenge 100 000 akavakwa, asi 5 000 chete akatengeswa.
1984
CompuServe hosts Islands of Kesmai, kudzorerwa kweDungeons yeKesami, pamusangano wayo. Iko mari yekutora chikamu ndeye $ 12 per hour! Mutambo wacho unopera, mumitambo yakasiyana-siyana, kusvikira kusvika kwezana remakore.
MacroMind, kambani iyo yaizopedzisira yachinja kuMacromedia, yakavakwa.
1985
Musi waMarch 15, Symbolics.com inova iyo yekutanga inyoresa chiremera.
Microsoft Windows inokanda mashefu ekuchengetedza.
QuantumLink, yakatangira kuAOL, inotanga munaNovember.
Randy Farmer uye Chip Morningstar paLucasfilm inovandudza Habitat, mutambo weveveji vemajairiri eInternet, yeWatumLink. Mutengi anoenderera kune Commodore 64, asi mutambo hauiti kuti wapedze beta muUnited States nokuti inonyanya kudikanwa nekombiji yehutaneti yenguva.
1986
I National Science Foundation inogadzira NSFNET ine hurumhu inosvika 56 Kbps. Izvi zvinobvumira nhamba huru yemasangano, kunyanya vunivhesiti, kuti ibatane.
Jessica Mulligan anotanga Rim Worlds War, yekutanga kutamba nemuyu weimeyili pane imwe nzvimbo yekutengeserana online.
1988
Internet Relay Chat (IRC) inotangwa naJarkko Oikarinen.
AberMUD inoberekwa kuYunivhesiti yeWales muAberystwyth.
Club Caribe, rinobva kuHabitat, rinosunungurwa paWinumLink.
1989
James Aspnes anonyora TinyMUD sechinhu chakareruka, chikwata chemajairo evanhu vakawanda uye vanokoka vamwe ve CMU kuti vapedze pariri. Kugadziriswa kweTinyMUD kunoramba kushandiswa paInternet kusvikira nhasi.
1991
Tim Berners-Lee anoshanyira World Wide Web, nzira iyo mazwi, mifananidzo, inonzwika, uye hyperlink zvinogona kusanganiswa uye kuenzanisirwa pamapuratifomu akasiyana-siyana ekugadzira mapeji edijita akafanana zvakafanana nemashoko ekugadzira mashoko. Kubva kuCERN muSwitzerland, anonyora yekutanga HTML code mune imwe nhau inonzi "alt.hypertext."
Stormfront Studios ' Neverwinter Nights , mutambo unobva pa Advanced Advanced Dungeons & Dragons, unotanga kuAmerica Online.
Iyo Sierra Network inotanga uye inounza mitambo yakasiyana-siyana yemitambo yakadai sedss, checkers, uye bhiriji paIndaneti. Bill Gates anonzi akamboita bhiriji pabasa.
1992
Wolfenstein 3D ne id Software inoita mutambo wemutambo wemakombiyuta pamhepo musi waMay 5. Kunyange zvazvo yakanga isiri yeD 3D nemazuva ano, iyo inzvimbo yepamusoro mumunhu wokutanga shooter.
1993
Mosaic, iyo yekutanga yepaIndaneti, yakagadzirwa naMarc Andreesen uye neboka revadzidzi vezvidzidzo, rinosunungurwa. Inzira yepaIndaneti inoputika pakukura kwema 341 634 muzana gore negore.
Dambudziko rinosunungurwa musi waDecember 10 uye rinova pakarepo kubudirira.
1994
Sega Saturn uye Sony PlayStation inotanga kuJapan. The PlayStation ichazova Sony inotengesa zvakagadzirwa zvemagetsi.
Mushure memakore mana semutambo wekusetsa muUnited States, Avalon MUD inotanga kupa mari yekubhadhara-kutamba paInternet.
1995
Sony inodzinga PlayStation muUnited States nokuda kwe $ 299, $ 100 zvishoma pane zvakatarisirwa.
Iyo Nintendo 64 inotangwa muJapan pasi pedyo nemhirizhonga.
Windows 95 inotengesa makopi anopfuura mamiriyoni mumazuva mana.
Zuva rinotanga JAVA musi waMay 23.
1996
Id Software inodururwa Quake musi waMay 31, Mutambo uyu zvechokwadi mitatu yakatarwa uye kunyatsotarisirwa kunopiwa kune vakawanda vanoita zvinhu. Nekubudiswa kwepurogiramu isina ruzivo inonzi QuakeWorld mushure megore, kutamba paIndaneti kunowanikwa zvakanyanya nyore kune vashandisi ve modem.
Musi waAugust 24, shanduro yekutanga ye Team Fortress, an add-on for Quake, inowanikwa. Mukati gore gore rinodarika makumi mana zvezana remasevhisi anoshanda Quake achazvitsaurirwa ku Team Fortress .
Meridian 59 inoenda paIndaneti uye inova mumwe wemitambo yakawanda yemifananidzo yemitambo yakawanda inowanikwa munyika inogara iripo, kunyange zvazvo yaiva nemiganhu yevakomana vatatu panguva imwe chete. Yakagadzirwa nekambani duku inonzi Archetype Interactive uye yakatengeswa kuna 3DO, uyo akabudisa mutambo. Yakashandisa injini yeDDD yakafanana neyeAdam, uye iyo yakashandura zvakare umudzimai, ichiripo uye ichiri kudiwa nevazhinji RPGers. Meridian 59 inogonawo kuva ndiyo yekutanga mitambo yemuInternet yekubhadhara purogiramu yemwedzi pamwedzi yekuwana, panzvimbo yekubhadhara neawa.
Macromedia inoshandiswa kubva pane software yekugadzira multimedia zvinyorwa zveCD kuti dziite software yehudhidhi yeWebhu uye inobvisa Shockwave 1.0.
Brad McQuaid naSteve Clover vakagadzwa naJohn Smedley pa Sony 989 Studios kuti vatange basa pa EverQuest .
1997
Sony inotengesa mamiriyoni makumi maviri emitambo yekutamba, ichiita nyore kuti ive yakakurumbira yemutambo wekutamba panguva yayo.
Ultima Online yakabudiswa. Yakagadzirwa neChechi uye inobva pakubudirira zvakanyanya Ultima franchise, mapiyona akawanda emitambo ari kuIndaneti anobatanidzwa mubasa iri, kusanganisira Richard Garriott, Raph Koster, uye Rich Vogel. Inoshandisa 2D yepamusoro-pasi injini injini uye pakupedzisira inosvika vanopfuura 200,000 vanyori.
Macromedia inowana kambani inoita FutureSplash, iyo inova yekutanga ye Flash.
1998
NCsoft, kambani yeKorea software, inobudisa Lineage, iyo ichakura kuva imwe yenhengo dzeMMORPG dzinonyanyozivikanwa pasi rose, dzine vanopfuura mamiriyoni mana vanyoresa.
Starsiege: Madzinza anokwikwidzana semunhu ari paIndaneti-chete munhu wokutanga chiitiko chekuita. Vafudzi vanonamata kubatana kwemauto-based gameplay, kuderedza kunze kwemahara, nzvimbo dzakawanda dzomutambo, zvigadziriswa zvinyorwa, uye zvigadziriswa zvemotokari.
Musi waAugust 1, Sierra inoburitsa Half-Life, mutambo wakavakwa nepamusoro pe Quake 2 injini.
Sega Dreamcast inosunungurwa muJapan musi waNovember 25. Kunyange zvazvo iyo inotanga kusvika pakunotyisa, ndiyo yekutanga inotengeswa ne modem uye inopa vashandisi vashandise kugadzirisa kwavo kwekutanga kutamba online.
1999
The Dreamcast inosunungurwa muUnited States.
Musi waMarch 1, Sony inotanga EverQuest, MMORPG yakazara matatu-dimensional. Mutambo iyi kubudirira kukuru, uye mumakore anotevera unoona vazhinji vachiwedzera uye vanotema vanopfuura hafu yemamiriyoni vanobhadhara.
Mukutanga kwaApril Sierra inoburitsa Team Fortress Classic, kuchinjwa kweHalf-Life yakabva kune yakakurumbira kwazvo Quake Team Fortress mod.
Musi waJune 19th, Minh "Gooseman" Le naJess Cliffe vakasunungurwa beta 1 yeCompter-Strike, imwe shanduko yeHalf-Life. Iko huru yemodha inoenderera mberi kuisa zvinyorwa zvebasa guru rebasa remutambo chero ipi zvayo yemutambo paInternet, ine mapurogiramu makumi matatu nezviuru makumi matatu nemazana mana emwedzi.
Microsoft inodzinga Call Asheron musi waNovember 2.
Quake 3 Arena inowanikwa pamaturafu ezvitoro panguva chaiyo yeKrisimasi.
Billy Mitchell anobudirira paPam-Man paanozadza bhodhi rimwe nerimwe nemhepo inokwana 3 333 360.
2000
Sony inotanga PlayStation 2 muJapan musi waMarch 4. Mumazuva maviri, kambani inotengesa 1 mamiriyoni ekunyaradza, kuisa rekodhi itsva. Vatambi vechiJapane vanotanga kuisa lining up kunze kwezvitoro mazuva maviri zvisati zvaitika. Zvinosuruvarisa, zvinoda kudarika kugovera uye kwete vose vanowana console, kusanganisira avo vakagadzirira.
2001
Sega inoburitsa Phantasy Star Online yeTweetcast, iyo inoita kuti ive yekutanga paIndaneti RPG ye console. Mifananidzo uye kufungidzira magwaro kushandura pakati pemitauro.
Hondo Yenyika II Online inotanga paIndaneti muna June.
Microsoft inopinda mubhizinesi re console munaNovember nekubudiswa kweXbox. Kunyange zvazvo pakanga pasina ruwadziro rwakawanikwa kuti rwubatanidze panguva iyoyo, Xbox yakagadzirirwa neChina Interface Card iyo inogona kugadziriswa neInternet-speed connection.
Anarchy Online inotanga kuenda kunotyisa kutanga nechinetso chezvinetso zvemakambani, asi mutambo unokunda izvi uye unokwezva mutambi wakasimba. Ndiyo mutsara wokutanga wandinoziva wokushandisa "kuongorora," uko nzvimbo dzenyika dzakadhindwa kuitira kushandiswa kwakakwana pane zvinoda.
Nerima yeCamelot inotanga kugamuchirwa kwakanaka nevatambi uye nhau. Mutambo wacho unokura pamwero unoshamisa uye unokurumidza kupfuura Call yeAsheron kuti ive imwe yematatu ePortugal America.
3DO inoparidza Jumpgate, iri muIndaneti nzvimbo yekuenzanisa mutsara.
Blizzard inotanga kutaura pamusoro pe World of Warcraft , iyo MMORPG inotarirwa neveRTS yakakurumbira.
2002
Musi waSeptember 10, kusunungurwa kweHondo yeHighfield 1942 kunotsvaga kutengesa kwepamberi yevanyori vakawanda vehondo-ivoed shooters.
Electronic Arts uye Westwood Studios kubudiswa pasi neBeyond, sci-fi MMORPG yakaiswa mukati. Zita racho rinonyanya kudarika vanopfuura 40 000 vakanyora, uye anenge makore maviri gare gare, musi waSeptember 22, 2004, inopfiga mikova yayo.
Call of Asheron 2 inotanga musi waNovember 22. Mutambo haufananidzi akafanotangira mukurumbira, uye makore anenge matatu gare gare Jeffrey Anderson, mutungamiri mukuru weTurbine Entertainment, anozivisa kuti mutambo wacho uchapedza pakupera kwa2005.
Sims Online inoenderera mberi munaDecember, kuchinja PC inotengesa zvakanakisa pamba yeInternet play. Pasinei nekufanotaura kwechivimbo kubva kuvatsoropodzi, zita racho harisi kurarama maererano nezvinodiwa kutengesa.
Pakati paAugust naDecember Playstation 2, Xbox, uye GameCube vese vanozivisa rumwe ruzivo rwemaInternet maitiro ekunyaradza kwavo.
2003
Musi waJune 26, LucasArts uye SOE vanotanga Star Wars Galaxies, iyo MMORPG inobva pane zvose kubva mu "Star Wars" mafirimu. Sony inounza EverQuest kune PlayStation 2 se EverQuest Online Adventures, iyo inoshandisa nyika yakaparadzana kubva kune iyo PC version.
Project Entropia, iyo MMORPG yakagadzirwa muSweden, inotanga neimwe yemari yemari yemari yemari, iyo mitambo yemari inogona kutengwa uye kutengeswa nemari chaiyo.
Square Enix inosunungura purogiramu yePC ya Final Fantasy XI muUnited States musi waOctober 28. Inotevera inowanikwa kune PlayStation 2 uye inobvumira vashandi vePC nekunyaradza vashandi kuti vabatane munyika imwechete. Shanduro ye PS2 yemutambo inotengeswa nehurukuro.
Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa neMORPP zvinobudiswa zvinosanganisira Eve Online uye Shadowbane, zvose zviripo dzakasununguka PvP systems.
2004
Halo 2 inosvika isina kumboitika hysteria uye inogona kushandiswa kusarudzwa-kushandiswa kwemazuva mana kwebasa re Xbox Live online.
NCSoft inotora matanho makuru mumusika weNorth America MMORPG pamwe nekudhindwa kweChina 2 uye City of Heroes.
Dambudziko 3 uye Half-Life 2, iyo inosanganisira revade retail retail reCompter-Strike, inogadzira mashefu eshepfenyuro.
SOE inotanga EverQuest 2, sequel kune EverQuest, iyo inenge iine vanenge 500 000 vanyori panguva iyoyo.
World of Warcraft yakasunungurwa muNorth America musi waNovember 23, uye pasinei nokupindirana kwevashandi masvondo mukati memavhiki ekutanga, mutambo unonetsa kusangana nekudiwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, MMORPG yekutanga yeBlizzard inopedza kutengesa, kubhadhari, uye zvinyorwa zvinowirirana mumitambo muUnited States, nemigumisiro yakafanana pamusoro pekubudiswa kwemutambo muEurope neChina gore rakatevera.