01 of 06
A Simple Computer Network yeFaira Sharing
Iyi nhungamiro kumakwikwi inoputsa hurukuro yacho mumakwikwi ezviratidzwa zvinoratidzwa. Peji imwe neimwe inoshandisa imwe pfungwa huru kana chimwe chinhu chekusava nekombiyuta nemakombiyuta.
Uyu mufananidzo unoratidza rudzi rwakarongeka rwese runogona kuitika rwekombiyuta. Muchikwata chakaoma, makombiyuta maviri (kana mamwe maitiro anogadziriswa) anogarisana zvakananga nomumwe nomumwe uye anotaurirana pamusoro pese tambo kana tambo. Nzvimbo dzakashamwaridzana mitambo yakaita seyi dzakagara kwemakumi emakore. Kushandiswa kwakajairika kwematanzura aya faira kugovera.
02 of 06
A Local Area Network (LAN) neChina
Uyu mufananidzo unoratidza nzvimbo inowanikwa munzvimbo inowanikwa nzvimbo yeunharaunda (LAN) . Nharaunda dzenharaunda dzenharaunda dzinowanzove neboka remakombiyuta iri muimba, chikoro, kana chikamu chechivako chehofisi. Kungofanana neyo nyore network, makombiyuta paine LAN mafaira uye printers. Makombiyuta pane imwe LAN anogonawo kugovana kuyanana nevamwe veLAN uye neInternet.
03 of 06
Wide Area Networks
Uyu mufananidzo unoratidza unofungidzira nzvimbo yakawanda yenzvimbo (WAN) urongwa hunosangana neLAN mumatatu emaguta. Nzvimbo dzakawanda nzvimbo dzinovhara nzvimbo yakakura seguta, nyika kana nyika dzakawanda. WANs inowanzobatanidza maLAN akawanda uye mamwe madiki masheji emunzvimbo. WANs yakavakwa nemakambani makuru ekuterevhizheni uye mamwe makambani anoshandisa midziyo yakawanda-yakasarudzwa isingawaniki mumabhuku ekutengeserana. IInternet iyi muenzaniso weWAN inobatanidza nharaunda uye mutaundi masangano munzvimbo dzakawanda dzenyika.
04 of 06
Wired Computer Networks
Iyi mifananidzo inoratidza mhando dzakawanda dzinowanikwa dzakawanda dzepakombiyuta mumakombiyuta. Mumisha yakawanda, tambo dzakakanganiswa Ethernet dzinowanzoshandiswa kugadzira makombiyuta. Terefoni kana tambo yeTV mitsara pamwe chete inosangana neimba LAN kuInternet Service Provider (ISP) . ISPs, zvikoro zvakakura uye mabhizinesi zvinowanzovharira makombiyuta avo mumashandi (sezvakaratidzwa), uye vanoshandisa kusanganiswa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzekambani kubatana nemichina iyi kuLAN uye kuInternet. Zvizhinji zveIndaneti zvinoshandisa high-speed fiber optic cable kutumira magwara marefu kure pasi pasi, asi mapfundo maviri akakombama uye coaxial cable anogonawo kushandiswa mumigwagwa yakagadziriswa uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo dziri kure.
05 of 06
Wireless Computer Networks
Uyu mufananidzo unoratidza mhando dzakawanda dzinowanikwa dzakawanda dzemakombiyuta emakombiyuta asingasviki. Wi-Fi ndiyo inyanzvi yehutano yekuvaka mitambo yemisha isina misha uye mamwe maLAN. Mabhizimusi uye vagari vomunharaundawo vanoshandisawo unyanzvi hwehutano hweWi-Fi kuti ugadzire nzvimbo dzepachena dzisina mhepo . Zvadaro, maBluetooth networks anobvumira handhelds, mafoni efoni nemamwe mimwe michina yepadhiri yekukurukura pamusoro pezvikamu zviduku. Pakupedzisira, mafaira emagetsi emagetsi anosanganisira WiMax uye LTE kutsigira mazwi nekutumira data pamusoro pefoni.
06 of 06
OSI Model of Computer Networks
Iyi mifananidzo inoratidzira Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) muenzaniso . OSI inonyanya kushandiswa mazuva ano semhando yekudzidzisa. Inogadzirisa zvishandiso zvemaketani muzvikamu zvinomwe mukufambira mberi kunonzwisisika. Izvo zvikamu zvakaderera zvinoshandisa zviratidzo zvemagetsi, zvinyorwa zve data binary, uye kugadziriswa kwemashoko aya kumagetsi. Nhamba dzakakwirira dzinobata zvikumbiro zvepurogiramu uye mhinduro, mumiririri we data, uye mitambo yekunamatira sezvinoratidzwa kubva kune imwe nzvimbo yekuona. Nzira yeOSI yakatanga kubatwa semuvakidzani wakakwana wekuvaka mitambo yekutengesa uye zvechokwadi, dzakawanda zvemiterevhizheni dzinozivikanwa dzemazuva ano zvinoratidza maitiro akaoma eOSI.