Nzvimbo inotarisana nenhamba inoona zvishandiso kuvabatsira kutaura
A network network inoshanda sechinhu chinoshamisa chekombiyuta kana imwe chigadzirwa pane network. Pakugadzirisa zvakanaka, makombiyuta anogona kugona mazita emamwe makombiyuta uye zvigadzirwa pamutambo uye kushandisa mazita aya kuti ataurirane.
Nzvimbo dzeMakemikari neAmerican Address
Mazhinji emagetsi ejecha ane mazita akasiyana akero.
- Marenda epanyama ndeeomunhu mumwechete wepisitini inopindirana kune imwe chigadzirwa. Somuenzaniso, i -Wi-Fi redhiyo uye bhadhiyo yeBluetooth yefoni yefaira ine yavo chaiyo yekutengesa kero.
- Virtual mazita anotumirwa kumagadziri maererano nehutano hwehutano hwakanamatirwa. Aya mazita efoni, semuenzaniso, shanduko sezvainofamba kubva pane imwe nheyo kuenda kune imwe, nepo maitirwo ayo epanyama anoramba akachengetwa.
IP Addressing Versions
Rudzi rwakanyanya kunyanya rwe virtual network address ndiyo Internet Protocol (IP) kero . Ikozvino IP kero (IP version 6, IPv6) inosanganisira 16 bytes (128 bits ) iyo inonyatsoziva maikambo akabatanidzwa. Shanduro yePv6 inosanganisira yakawanda ip address yeIndaneti nzvimbo pane yakatarisa IPv4 kuti ikwanise kutsigira mabhiriyoni emagetsi.
Zvizhinji zve IPv4 address space zvakagoverwa kune vapevisi veInternet nemamwe masangano makuru ekupa kune vatengi vavo uye kumaseva eIndaneti-idzi dzinonzi mazita evanhu veIndaneti. Zvimwe zvivande pikero yepaIndaneti zvakasimbiswa kutsigira maitiro akadai semakambani epamba nemakambani asina kudikanwa kuti ataure zvakananga kuInternet.
MAC Mazita
Chimwe chimiro chinonyatsozivikanwa chekutaura kwepanyama chinobva kuMedia Access Control (MAC) teknolojia. MAC mazita, anozivikanwawo seateresi maatisi, ane matanho matanhatu (48 bits) ayo vanogadziri vemagadziri emagetsi vanobatanidzwa mune zvigadzirwa zvavo kuti vanyatsozivikanwa. IP uye mamwe mazano anotsigira pane zvinyorwa zvekuona kuti aone maikirwe pane imwe network.
Taura Maiti
Nzvimbo dzekero dzinosanganiswa nemagetsi ekushandisa nenzira dzakasiyana siyana:
- Misangano inogona kugadzirirwa kugovera maIndaneti zvakangoerekana iri mukutumidzwa kunonzi dynamic address address.
- Vatungamiri veMatare vanogona kusarudza zvakananga maIndaneti uye vagovaisa kumashandisi nemaitiro muchiito chinonzi static address assignment.
- Network adapter vatengesi vakagadzira MAC inonyanya kushandiswa mumurangariro wekuverengerwa (ROM) wegumbi rimwe nerimwe rakagadzirwa mune imwe nguva rinonzi "kupisa."
Musha uye mabhizinesi mashandisirwo anowanzoshandisa Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) sevharijiti yeAppaine kero yekutengesa IP.
Network Address Translation
Vatori vemabhiza vanowanzoshandisa teknolojia inonzi Network Address Translation (NAT) kubatsira kutungamirira Internet Protocol traffic kuenda kune inoda kusvika. NAT inoshanda nemakero chaiwo ane mukati me IP network network.
Matambudziko neIndaneti MaIndaneti
Inzvimbo yeIndaneti inoparadzaniswa inoitika apo maviri kana kupfuura ezvigadzirwa pamutauro zvose zvinopiwa nhamba imwechete yekero. Iyi mhirizhonga inogona kuitika kana nekuda kwezvikanganiso zvevanhu mumatsetse etaiti kana kwete- kazhinji kubva kune unyanzvi hwekugadzira humwe hurumende dzekugovera maitiro.