Nzira yeOSI inotsanangura kusungurudza maererano nehuni hwematanda manomwe. Izvo zvikamu zvepamusoro zveOSI model zvinomirira software iyo inoshandisa network services sekuvharidzira nekubatanidzwa kwehutano. Izvo zvikamu zvezasi zveOSI model inoshandisa mabasa e-hardware-akadai sekugadzirisa, kutarisa uye kutenderera kwekutonga. Dhesese iyo inofamba pamusoro pekubatana kwepaneti inopfuura nepakati pezvikamu zvinomwe.
Nzira yeOSI yakatangwa muna 1984. Yakagadzirirwa kuva chimiro chisingazivikanwi uye chidzidzisiro, iyo mienzaniso yeOSI inoramba iri chinhu chakakosha yekudzidza nezvemazuva ano mitambo yehutano yakadai seEthernet nemitemo yakafanana neI IP . IOI inochengetwa sechidimbu neInternational Standards Organization.
Kuyereka kweOSI Model
Kukurukurirana kwepaDhiyabhorosi mumutambo weOSI unotanga nepamusoro-soro wechipiro paunotumirwa, unofamba uchidzika pasi kusvika kune uyo anotumira pasi (pasi) pakatarisa, ndokuyambuka mutambo wepanyama kunzvimbo yakadzika pachikamu chinogamuchirwa, uye kumusoro OSI model stack.
Semuyenzaniso, Internet Protocol (IP) inofanana ne Network network yeOSI model, layer 3 (kuverenga kubva pasi). TCP uye UDP inofananidzwa neOSI model 4, yekutakura. Nzira dzezasi dzeiOI model dzinomiririrwa nemichina yakadai seEthernet. Zvikamu zvepamusoro zvemuenzaniso weOSI zvinomiririrwa nemitemo yekushanda seTCP neDP.
Izvo Zvigaro Zvinomwe zveOSI Model
Zvitatu zvitatu zviri pasi zveOSI Model zvinotumidzwa seMedia Layers, nepo zvinyorwa zvina zviripamusoro zvikamu zveHurumende. Mavara akaverengwa kubva pa1 kusvika ku7 achitanga pasi. Zvikamu ndezvi:
- Kushanda kwekushandisa (chitubu 7) - Network Process to Application. Iko kuguma-kushandiswa kwevashandi kunotakura data yakagamuchirwa kubva kuNetation Layer mumasikirwo anodiwa nehurongwa hwekushandira kana kuguma-inogamuchira iyo. Mienzaniso inosanganisira browsers, SMTP, HTTP, uye FTP. Izvi zvinogadzirawo izvo zvinotumirwa kudzoka kuNhepfenyuro yeDheta.
- Iyo mharidzo yechipfuva (chinyorwa 6) - Chimiro cheData uye Kuchengetedza, kusanganisira mashandisirwo ekushandurwa. Funga nezvenzvimbo iyi shanduri. Mienzaniso inosanganisira ASCII, TIFF, JPEG, MIDI, uye MPEG.
- Session layering (layer 5) - Interhost Communication. Izvi zvinogadzirisa mhando dzakawanda dzekutaurirana uye dzinotumira dheta kune mabhuku ane musoro, kusanganisira avo vanoshandisa NFS uye SQL.
- Kutakura nhepfenyuro (chiso 4) - Kuguma-ku-End Connections nekuvimbika. Sezvo zita racho rinoreva, izvi zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandura dhepfenyuro pamagetsi ekubatana, kazhinji achishandisa TCP. Inobatawo kukanganisa kupora nekudzoka zvakare.
- Network layer (layer 3) - Nzira Kugadzirisa, IP, uye Routing. Chitsauko 3 zvakagadzira data sepakiti. Inotungamirira dhidhiro kumugwagwa chaiwo wepanyama.
- Data Link layer (chinyorwa 2) - Iyi ndiyo yakatonyanya kumira mumutambo weOSI, uye dzimwe nguva yakapatsanurwa kuva zvikamu zviviri: imwe yehutachiona hwekugona nekugadzirisa uye imwe yekunzwisisa kugadziriswa.
- Icho chinyorwa (pasi 1) - Media, Signal uye Binary Transmission. Mienzaniso inosanganisira hubs, repeaters, uye Ethernet cables. Dhiyabhorosi inoparidzirwa nemagetsi emagetsi, nhepfenyuro yemavhidhiyo, infrared kana chiedza chaicho.
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