Mhuri 802.11 yakatsanangurwa
Vekumba uye vashandi vebhizimisi vachitarisa kutenga zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinotarisana nemhando yezvisarudzo. Zvinhu zvizhinji zvinogadzirwa ne 802.11a , 802.11b / g / n , uye / kana 802.11ac wireless mitemo inowanzonzi inozivikanwa seWi-Fi technologies. Bluetooth uye mamwe marudzi akasiyana-siyana asingasviki (asi kwete Wi-Fi) anovapowo, rimwe nerimwe rakagadzirirwa mamwe mapurogiramu ekubatanidza.
Nyaya ino inotsanangura ma-Wi-Fi maitiro uye hutano hwakasiyana-siyana, kuenzanisa nekuvatsanangurira kuti vakubatsire kunzwisisa zviri nani kushanduka kwei-Wi-Fi teknolojia uye kuita ruzivo rwekugadzira mitambo nemichina yekutenga kusarudza.
802.11
Muna 1997, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) yakagadzira yekutanga WLAN standard. Vakaritumidza 802.11 mushure mokunge zita reboka rakagadzirirwa kutarisira hurongwa hwayo. Zvinosuruvarisa, 802.11 inotsigirwa chete nepamutambo webwende bandwidth ye 2 Mbps - inononoka kune zvizhinji zvekushanda. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, maitiro 802.11 asingasviki asingatengi haasati agadzirwa.
802.11b
IEEE yakasimudzwa pamusimboti wekutanga 802.11 munaJuly 1999, zvichigadzira 802.11b tsanangudzo. 802.11b inotsigira bandwidth kusvika 11 Mbps, yakaenzana nechetsika Ethernet .
802.11b inoshandisa purogiramu yemasafiri isina kutenderwa yakafanana (2.4 GHz ) seyakatanga 802.11. Vatengesi vanowanzoda kushandisa maferensi ekuderedza mari yavo yekugadzira. Kuva usina kukwana, 802.11b gear inogona kuvhara mavheni e microwave, mafoni asina tsvina, uye zvimwe zvishandise kushandisa rimwechete 2.4 GHz range. Zvisinei, nekuisa geji 802.11b kubva kure kune mamwe magetsi, kupindira kunogona kudziviswa nyore nyore.
- Pros ye 802.11b - Dhura rakaderera; chiratidzo chezera rakanaka uye hachidziviri nyore nyore
- Iko ye 802.11b - Inononoka kukurumidza kukurumidza; pamba midziyo yemidziyo inogona kupindira pane zvisingabvumirwi nehurumende bhenji
802.11a
Kunyange zvazvo 802.11b yakanga iri mukuvandudzika, IEEE yakagadzira chikamu chechipiri kune chekutanga 802.11 inonzi 802.11a . Nokuti 802.11b yakawanikwa pakuzivikanwa zvakakurumidza zvikuru kudarika 802.11a, vamwe vanhu vanodavira kuti 802.11a yakasikwa mushure me 802.11b. Zvechokwadi, 802.11a yakasikwa panguva imwe chete. Pamusana pemari yakakwirira, 802.11a inowanzowanikwa mubhizinesi rese asi huri nani huri 802.11b hunoita mumusika wemusha.
802.11a inotsigira chikwangwani kusvika 54 Mbps uye zviratidzo mumutemo wekutaridzika nguva yakawanda kusvika 5 GHz. Iyi yepamusoro yepamusoro inofananidzwa ne802.11b inopedza huwandu hwemasero 802.11a. Izvo zvakadzama zvinowanzoreva zviratidzo zve-802.11a zvine dambudziko rakawanda kupinda mukati memasvingo nezvimwe zvipingamupinyi.
Nemhaka yokuti 802.11a uye 802.11b vanoshandisa maitiro akasiyana-siyana, inyanzvi mbiri hadziwirirana. Vamwe vatengesi vanopa hybrid 802.11a / b network gear, asi zvinhu izvi zvinongoshanda chete maitiro maviri kurutivi (rumwe rutivi runoshandiswa dzinofanira kushandisa rumwe kana rumwe).
- Pros ye 802.11a - Fast speed speed; maitiro akadzivirirwa akadzivirira kupindira kwechiratidzo kubva kune mamwe majaira.
- Mutengo we 802.11a - Mutengo mukuru; shorter range signal inonyanya kudziviswa.
802.11g
Muna 2002 na2003, maZimbabwe maWLAN anotsigira chimiro chitsva chinonzi 802.11g chakabuda mumusika. 802.11g kuedza kubatanidza zvakanakisa zvose zviri zviviri 802.11a uye 802.11b. 802.11g inotsigira chikwangwani kusvika 54 Mbps, uye inoshandisa purogiramu ye 2.4 GHz yezera guru. 802.11g iri kumashure inobatanidzwa ne 802.11b, zvinoreva kuti 802.11g nzvimbo dzekugona dzinoshanda ne 802.11b wireless network adapters uye pamwe chete.
- Pros ye 802.11g - Fast speed speed; chiratidzo chezera rakanaka uye hachidziviri nyore nyore.
- Mutengo we 802.11g - Mari dzinodarika 802.11b; midziyo inogona kupindira pamusana wekusarudzwa kwemashamba.
802.11n
802.11n (uye dzimwe nguva inozivikanwa se Wireless N ) yakagadzirirwa kuvandudza 802.11g muhuwandu hwomukati mutsva hunotsigirwa kuburikidza nekushandisa zviratidzo zvakawanda zvisingabatsiri uye antenna (inonzi MIMO teknolojia) pane imwe. Makambani emiganhu mitemo yakagamuchirwa 802.11n muna 2009 ine tsanangudzo inopa kusvika 300 Mbps yenhare bandwidth. 802.11n inopawo humwe huri nani pane zvekare kare ma Wi-Fi maitiro nekuda kwekuwedzera kwechiratidzo chekuwedzera, uye iri kumashure-inowirirana ne 802.11b / g gear.
- Pros ye 802.11n - Yakawandisa zvakanyanya kukurumidza uye yakanakisisa mureza wezera; zvinoramba zvichirwisana nechitinha kupindirwa kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo.
- Mutengo we 802.11n - Standard haisati yapera; inodhura kupfuura 802.11g; kushandiswa kwemashoko akawanda kunogona kukanganisa zvikuru ne 802.11b / g ari pedyo nhepfenyuro.
802.11ac
Chizvarwa chitsva cheWi-Fi chichiratidzira mukushandiswa kwakakurumbira, 802.11ac inoshandisa teknoloji ye-dual-band isina utsi, inotsigira kuwirirana panguva imwe chete pamasangano ose ma 2.4 GHz uye 5 GHz Wi-Fi. 802.11ac inopa kuwirirana kumashure kune 802.11b / g / n uye bandwidth yakarongwa kusvika 1300 Mbps pa5 GHz band uye kusvika kusvika ku 450 Mbps pa 2.4 GHz.
Zvakadini NeBluetooth neZororo?
Kunze kwezvinhu izvi zvishanu zvinokonzera-Wi-Fi mitemo, dzimwe dzakawanda dzakasanganiswa dzisina wire network network dziripo.
- IEEE 802.11 mitemo yeboka yakashanda se 802.11h uye 802.11j ndeyekuwedzera kana mapurisa e-Wi-Fi teknolojia iyo imwe neimwe inoshumira chinangwa chaicho.
- Bluetooth ndiyo imwe nzira isina wireless network technology yakatevera nzira yakasiyana yekufambira kupfuura mhuri ye802.11. Bhubhurosi inotsigira maruva marefu (anenge mamita 10) uye yakaderera mabhanwidth (1-3 Mbps mukudzidzira) yakagadzirirwa mafaira ekutengesa masimba akafanana nemaoko. Mari yakaderera yekugadzirwa kweBluetooth hardware inokumbirawo kune vatengesi vemabhizimisi. Iwe unogona kuona nyore nyore bluetooth mukutengesa kwePAs kana kuti foni nemapurisa, asi inowanzoshandiswa kwehuwandu-chinangwa WLAN mitambo nekuda kwehuwandu uye kutaridzika kwekukurumidza.
- WiMax yakagadzirwawo zvakasiyana neWi-Fi. WiMax yakagadzirirwa kwenguva yakareba mitambo (yakareba mamita kana makiromita) asi inopesana nenzvimbo dzisina kutengesa mitambo.
Izvi zvinotevera IEEE 802.11 mitemo iripo kana iri mukurudziro kutsigira kusikirwa kwekombiyuta yekutengesa nzvimbo dzisingabatsiri dzemunzvimbo :
- 802.11a - 54 Mbps, 5 GHz kuisa chiratidzo (yakagamuchirwa muna 1999)
- 802.11b - 11 Mbps yakaenzana, 2.4 GHz kuisa (1999)
- 802.11c - kushanda kwebhiriji kuwirirana (kutamira kune 802.1D)
- 802.11d - pasi rose kutevedza mitemo yekushandiswa kwe wireless signal spectrum (2001)
- 802.11e - Quality of Service (QoS) kutsigirwa (isati yagadzwa)
- 802.11F - Inter-Access Point Protocol kukurudzirwa kwekukurukurirana pakati pekuwana mazano ekutsigira kutarisa vatengi (2003)
- 802.11g - 54 Mbps, 2.4 GHz kujekesa (2003)
- 802.11h - kukurudzirwa version ye 802.11a kutsigira European regulatory requirements (2003)
- 802.11i - kuvandudzwa kwehutano hwemhuri ye802.11 (2004)
- 802.11j - zvigadziridzo kusvika ku 5 GHz zvichisimbisa kutsigira Japan mitemo inoda (2004)
- 802.11k - WLAN system management
- 802.11l - yakasvetuka kuti isapedzisira ichinetseka ne 802.11i
- 802.11m - kuchengetedza 802.11 zvinyorwa zvemhuri
- 802.11n - 100+ Mbps kuvandudzwa kwepamusoro pane 802.11g (2009)
- 802.11o - rakaputika
- 802.11p - Kusina Utengesi Kwemotokari Yezvokugara
- 802.11q - rakasununguka
- 802.11r - rubatsiro rwekutsvaga nekukurumidza kuburikidza ne Basic Service Set shanduko
- 802.11s - ESS mesh networking yekutambira pfungwa
- 802.11T - Wireless Performance Prediction - mazano ekuongororwa maitiro nemamatriki
- 802.11u - inoshandisa internet ne 3G / cellular nemamwe maitiro einternet network
- 802.11v - wireless network management / device configuration
- 802.11w - Kuchengetedzwa Kwekuchengetedzwa Kwekuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa
- 802.11x - kutumidzwa (zita rechizvarwa chemhuri ye802.11)
- 802.11y - Contention Based Protocol yekupindira kusabatwa
Yepamutemo IEEE 802.11 Peji Yekushanda YePurojekiti Peji Yenguva Yechirevo yakabudiswa neIEEE kuratidzira humwe hwehutano hwekubatanidza huri pasi pekugadzirwa.