Kuchinja kweMasimba ekutungamirira: HEPS, EPS, uye Steer-by-Wire
Simba rekushandisa kwemagetsi rakanaka kwazvo, asi teknolojia yakavakwa pamusoro yave iripo kwenguva yakareba. Kutaura zvazviri, kutungamirirwa kwemasimba kwave kwakapoteredza chero bedzi sezvo motokari, uye matori makuru akange akabatwa neasimetetet systems kubvira kare muna 1903, asi haina kupiwa seOEM chisarudzo kusvikira kuma1950. Iyo inyanzvi inowanikwa mazuva ano nekuda kwekuiswa kwayo semidziyo yakakwana mumagetsi ose emotokari nemakorori, asi yakaramba yakasarudzwa mune dzinoverengeka dzemotokari, yepamusoro-yepamusoro motokari muma1980 nema1999.
Chinangwa chekutungamirira simba ndechekuderedza kuwanda kwemashandiro ayo anotora kuti mutyairi atange. Izvi zvaiwanzoitwa kuburikidza nemagetsi e hydraulic, izvo zvinogona kubudiswa nepombi inotungidzirwa nebhanhire iyo inomhanya kubva pakufambisa kwenjini. Zvisinei, teknolojia yakagadziriswa yakasimba yezvinhu zvitsva uye kuvandudzwa sezvo yakatanga kuratidza seOEM chisarudzo muma 1950s.
Ikokutanga yekuvandudza kumadzinza e hydraulic power steering iyo yakaona chero upi neupi hwekugadzirwa kwakakura yaiva electro-hydraulic power steering. Zvisinei, iyo teknolojia yakave yakanyanya kubviswa nehuwandu hwemagetsi ehurumende. Uye kunyange zvazvo magetsi ekufambisa magetsi anopiwa nevakawanda vanoita automaker, vamwe veOEMs vari kushandawo ne-ste-by-wire systems sezvavanenge vachifambisa kumotokari dzemotokari dzese.
Electro-Hydraulic Power Steering
Electro-hydraulic power steering (EHPS) inyanzvi yekombiyuta inoshandiswa sezvinoitwa mutambo wemagetsi. Misiyano pakati pematafura maviri ndeyekuti sei hydraulic inoshandiswa inogadzirwa. Apo magadziriro ezvetsika anokonzera kushamwaridzana nepombi rinotungamirirwa nebhanhire, electro-hydraulic power steering systems vanoshandisa motokari dzemagetsi. Chimwe chezvinyorwa zvinokosha zve electro-hydraulic power steering ndechokuti pombi yegetsi haisi kurega kurasikirwa nesimba apo injini yavharwa, iyo inoratidza kuti dzimwe motokari dzinotyisa dzakashandisa.
Electric Power Steering
Kusiyana ne hydraulic uye electro-hydraulic systems, magetsi emagetsi (EPS) haashandisi chero maitiro e hydraulic pressure kuti ape rubatsiro rwekutungamirira. Inyanzvi yekombiyuta yakazara yehutroniki, saka inoshandisa motokari yemagetsi kupa rubatsiro rwakananga. Sezvo pasina simba rakarashika rinokonzera uye rinopinza simba remagetsi, maitiro aya anowanzoshanda kupfuura anogadziriswa kana electro-hydraulic steering.
Zvichienderana nedzimwe sangano reEPS, motokari yemagetsi inowedzerwa kusvika kune imwe mutsara kana kutungamira gear. Sensor zvinoshandiswa kutarisa kuti mutungamiri unoda zvakadini, uye zvino unoshandiswa kuitira kuti mutyairi chete ave nemari shoma yekuedza kuvhara gumbo. Mamwe masangano ane zvigadziro zvakajeka zvinoshandisa huwandu hwekufambisa kubatsira hunoendeswa, uye vamwe vanoshanda pakushandurwa kwemafuro.
Vazhinji veOEMs vanopa EPS pane imwe kana akawanda emhando dzavo.
Nyaya-ne-Wire
Kunyange zvazvo magetsi ekugadzirisa masimba ezvo achibvisa mashandisirwo emagetsi paanenge achichengetedza kubatana kwetsika, vechokwadi-ne-tambo vanobvisawo kushamwaridzana kwekutungamirira pamwe chete. Aya maitiro anoshandisa magetsi emagetsi kugadzirisa mavhiri, sensor kuti aone kuti simba rekushandisa rinoshanda sei, uye kutungamirira-kunzwa emulators kupa mhinduro dzisina kufanira kune mutyairi.
Shanduro-ne--terevhizheni inoshandiswa mune zvimwe zvombo zvine simba-zvishandiso, maharakiti, zvigaro zvepamberi-mberi, nezvimwe zviitiko zvakafanana kwekanguva, asi zvichiri zvitsva kumotokari yenyika. Automakers like GM uye Mazda vakaita zvakakwana mot-by-wire pfungwa dzemotokari munguva yakapfuura iyo yakatengesa kutungamirirwa kwetsika dzevanhu, asi vazhinji veOEM vakachengetedza teknolojia kunze kwekuenzanisa mhando.
Nissan akazivisa kunopera kwegore ra2012 kuti ichange iri yekutanga yeOEM yekupa teknolojia mumutambo wekugadzira, uye iyo Independent Steering Control system yakasimbiswa mugore re2004 raiyerera. Zvisinei, kunyange iyo nzira yakachengetedza zvipfeko zvehutungamiri hwetsika. Kubatanidza uye korumusi zvakanga zvichiripo, kunyange zvazvo zvakakonzerwa panguva yaishandiswa. Mhedziso yegadziriro yemhando iyoyo ndeyokuti kana iyo-in-wire yakaipa, iyo coupler inogona kuita kuitira kuti mutyairi ave nekwanisi kushandisa shanduro yemagetsi kuti iende.
Pamwe pamwe nedzimwe nzira dzekutengesa-ne-foni, zvakadai sezvakagadzika-ne-foni uye magetsi ekugadzirisa , maiti-ne-tambo ndiyo chinhu chinonyanya kukosha mumotokari dzemotokari.