Chengetedza Nhanho Nheyo Yacho Dzidzo

Kushandisa Excel hakusi zvakaoma sezvinoratidzika

Excel is electronic spreadsheet progam (aka software ) iyo inoshandiswa kuchengetedza, kuronga nekushandisa data.

Dhiyabhorosi inochengetwa mumasero ega ega anowanzogadzirirwa mumutsetse wemakoroni uye mitsetse mune pepa rekushanda. Iyi kokorodhe yemakoroni nemitsara inotumidzwa seetafura. Mathesi anoshandisa misoro mumutsara wepamusoro uye pasi kuruboshwe rwetafura kuti uone dhesi rakachengetwa mutafura.

Excel inogonawo kuita zviyero pane data uchishandisa mazano . Uye kubatsira kuti zvive nyore kuwana uye kuverenga mashoko ari mune pepa rekushanda, Excel ine maitiro akawanda ekugadzirisa anokwanisa kushandiswa kumasero ega ega, kuronga uye ma column, kana kumatafura ese e data.

Sezvo pepa rega rega mune zvinyorwa zvekare zveEexcel rine mabhiriyoni emasero pamushandi webhese, sero rimwe nerimwe rine kero inozivikanwa senhare yekuti sekuti inogona kutaurwa mune mazano, marati, nezvimwe zvikamu zvepurogiramu.

Iyi dzidzo inotora matanho anodiwa ekuumba nekugadzirisa safurasi yepadheetti ine deta data, mazano, uye kuumbwa kunoonekwa mumufananidzo uri pamusoro.

Misoro yakabatanidzwa mune iyi tadzidzo ndeyikuti:

• Kupinda deta mutafura
• Kuwedzera mahwendefa ebasa rimwe nerimwe
• Kuwedzera zuva razvino uye kune zita rakarongedzerwa kumushandi webasa
• Kuwedzera fomu yekudhonza
• Kuwedzera mutevedzo wemari
• Kunyora mabhizimisi neChizadziso Chakugadzira
• Kuwedzera nhamba yekufambisa kune data
• Kuwedzera cell formting

01 ye 08

Kutanga Data Deta

Kuisa dhidhi mumashiti ekushanda masero nguva dzose inotsika matanho matatu.

Aya matanho ndeokuti:

1. Dzvanya pane sero apo iwe unoda kuti data iende.
2. Tora iyo data muchikamu.
3. Dhinda pikicha inopinda mubhobhoyo kana tora pane imwe sero ine mouse.

Sezvakataurwa, sero rega riri mune pepa rekushandisa rinozivikanwa nekero kana kuti seferensi , iyo inosanganisira tsamba yemutsara uye nhamba yemutsara iyo inopindira pane imwe sero.

Paunenge uchitaura sero rinoshandiswa, tsamba yemutsara inogara yakanyorwa yakateverwa nemutsara wenhamba - yakadai seA5, C3, kana D9.

Paunopinda deta yeyikudzidzisa, zvakakosha kuisa data mumasero ekushanda mapepa. Zvinyorwa zvakapinda mumatanho anotevera zvinoshandisa sero zvinyorwa zve data yakapinda ikozvino.

Kupinda Tutorial Data

1. Kuti uite izvi zvidzidzo, shandisa zvinyorwa zveseti zve data yakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pamusoro apa kuisa data yose muExpcel worksheet isina chinhu.

02 of 08

Kuwedzera Columns mu Excel

Nokusingaperi, upamhi hwesero hunobvumira chete masere masere ezvinyorwa zvese zvekutsvaga kuti aonekwe mberi iyo iyo data inopararira pane imwe sero iri kurudyi.

Kana sero kana masero ari kurudyi asina kuvhara, iyo inopinda deta inowanikwa mune pepa rekushanda, sezvinoratidzwa nepeji yebasa rekutsvaga Deduction Calculations yeVashandi vakapinda muchitokisi A1.

Kana sero iri kurudyi ine deta zvakadaro, zviri mukati mechikamu chekutanga zvinotarirwa kune mazita masere ekutanga.

Mamwe masero ematare akapinda mudanho rekare, rakadai sedhiyo Deduction Rate: akapinda muchitokisi B3 uye Thompson A. akapinda muchitokisi A8 akatakurwa nokuti masero ari kurudyi ane data.

Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri kuitira kuti data ionekwe, zvikamu zvine data iyo inofanira kuwedzerwa.

Sezvo nezvirongwa zvose zveMicrosoft, pane nzira dzakawanda dzekuwedzera ma column . Matanho ari pasi apa anowedzera maitiro ekuwedzera ma column achishandisa mouse.

Kuwedzera Mumwe Pamwe Pepa Pepa Mapofu

1. Isa iyo pointer ye mutsara pamuganhu pakati pezendima A uye B mumutsetse wemusoro .
2. Iyo pointer ichachinja kune museve wemisoro miviri.
3. Dzvanya uye ubatisise ibhokisi reboshwe redu uye tirai museve wakanga wakagadzika kaviri kuruoko rworudyi kuti uwedzere chandori A kusvika iyo yose inopinda Thompson A. inoratidzika.
4. Wedzera mamwe ma column kuti aratidze data sezvinodiwa.

Column Widths uye Pepa Rokushanda Mazita

Sezvo chikamu chebasa chekushanda chakareba kwenguva refu richienzaniswa nemamwe mavara muhurukuro A, kana iyo column yakawedzerwa kuti iratidze musoro wose muchitokisi A1, pepa rekushanda harizoiti sechinhu chisingaoneki, asi zvingaita kuti zvive nyore kushandisa pepa rekushandira nekuda kwe zvikwangwani pakati pemavara kune rumwe rutivi rworuboshwe nemamwe mapuranga e data.

Sezvo pasina humwe humwe mutsara mumutsara 1, hazvina kukodzera kungosiya musoro wacho sekuti - kudira kune masero kusvika kurudyi. Zvimwe, Excel ine chimwe chinhu chinonzi merge uye centre iyo inoshandiswa mune imwe nhanho inotevera kuti ikurumidze kuisa musoro wacho pamusoro pefurafura yedhesi.

03 of 08

Kuwedzera Zuva uye Zita Range

Zuva Rino Basa Basa rekuona

Zvinowanzoita kuti zuva racho riwedzere kushandura - rinowanzoratidza kuti pepa rekupedzisira rakagadziridzwa.

Excel ine mabasa akawanda ezuva anoita kuti zvive nyore kupinda zuva racho kuva pepa rekushanda.

Basa rinongogadzirwa-muzvinyorwa muExcel kuitira kuti zvive nyore kugumisa mabasa anowanzoitwa - sekuwedzera zuva racho pane pepa.

Basa reZUVA rino rakashandiswa kushandiswa nokuti harina matanho - iyo dheta inoda kupiwa kune basa kuitira kuti rishande.

Basa redu nhasi nderimwe remabasa eEexcel anoshandura , izvo zvinoreva kuti rinoshandura pachedu nguva dzose yekudzokorora - iyo inowanzova nguva nguva pepa rekushandura rakazarurwa.

Kuwedzera Zuva neHANJARA basa

Matanho ari pasi apa achawedzera BASA rezuva ranhasi kumusero C2 webasa rekushanda.

1. Dzvanya pachitokisi C2 kuti uite sero rinoshanda
2. Dzvanya paMafomu tab yebhoni
3. Dzvanya paNhasi & Time sarudzo paibhoni kuti uzarure urongwa hwemasikati
4. Dzvanya Nhasi Nhasi basa kuti uburise hurukuro yebhokisi rebasa
5. Dzvanya OK mubhokisi rebhokisi kuti uite basa uye dzokera kushizha remabasa
6. Zuva ranhasi rinofanira kuwedzerwa kune cell C2

Kuona ###### Chiratidzo panzvimbo pezuva

Kana mutsara wemashiripiti ematare inowanikwa muchitokisi C2 panzvimbo yezuva mushure mekuwedzera kuDZIMA basa kune iyo sero, ndechokuti sero harina kukwana zvakakwana kuti riratidze data yakarongeka.

Sezvambotaurwa kare, nhamba dzisina kufananidzwa kana deta yedhesi dzinopera pamusoro pemasero asina chinhu kusvika kurudyi kana yakanyanya kufanana nesero. Dhiyabhorosi yakave yakarongerwa semhando yakasiyana-siyana-yakadai semari, mazuva, kana nguva, zvisinei, usapfuurira kune rimwe rinotevera kana iri yakareba kupfuura sero kwavari. Pane kudaro, vanoratidza ###### kukanganisa.

Kugadzirisa dambudziko racho, wedzera muromo C uchishandisa nzira inotsanangurwa muchitsauko chekutanga chekudzidzisa.

Kuwedzera Zita Range Range

A zita rakatarwa rakasikwa apo rimwe kana masero akawanda anopiwa zita kuti rive nyore kunzwisisa. Zita rakatumidzwa rinogona kushandiswa sechinotsiva chetere rinoshandiswa kana rinoshandiswa mumabasa, mazano, uye marati.

Nzira iri nyore yekuumba mazita akadai ndeye kushandisa bhokisi rezita riri muhomwe yepamusoro yeboshwe yebasa riri pamusoro pematareji emutsara.

Muchidzidzo ichi, zita racho richapiwa sero C6 kuti rione kuti kuderedzwa kwekushandiswa kwakashandiswa kune vashandi vemari. Iyo yakatarwa yakatarwa ichashandiswa mumushonga wekutsvaira iyo ichawedzerwa kumasero C6 kusvika C9 emushandi webasa.

1. Sarudza sero C6 mune pepa rekushanda
2. Tora "chidimbu" (hapana zvinyorwa) muZita reBhokisi uye tapinza muInoyi pikicha
3. Cell C6 iye zvino ine zita rokuti "chiyero"

Iri zita rinoshandiswa kuita nyore kugadzira zvido zvekutsvaga mumutsara unotevera wekudzidzisa.

04 of 08

Kupinda Mubasa Rokubviswa Kwevashandi

Excel Formulas Overview

Zvinyorwa zvese zvinokubvumira kuti uite maverengero pane nhamba ye data inowanikwa mune pepa .

Zvimwe zvinyorwa zvinogona kushandiswa pakuverenga nhamba yakakosha, yakadai sekuwedzera kana kubvisa, pamwe nekuwedzerwa kwakaoma, zvakadai sekuwana chiyero chemudzidzi pamigumisiro yekuedza, uye kuverenga kubhadhara chikwereti.

• Zvinyorwa muExcel zvinotanga nguva dzose nechiratidzo chakaenzana ( = )
• Chiratidzo chakafanana chinogara chichiiswa muchitokisi umo unoda kuti mhinduro ionekwe
• Icho chinyorwa chinopedzerwa nekudhinda Enter key pane keyboard

Achishandisa Cell References muFormulas

Nzira imwechete yekuumba mazano muExpcel inosanganisira kupinda mazai emufomendi mumashandisi ekushandura masero uye kushandisa sero zvinyorwa zvemashoko iri murairi, panzvimbo ye data pachayo.

Kubudirira kukuru kweyi nzira ndeyokuti kana gare gare inenge ichidikanwa kuchinja iyo data , iyo nyaya yakanyanyisa yekugadzirisa deta iri mumasero pane kunyorazve maitiro.

Zvigumisiro zvemugadziro zvichavandudza kamwe chete kana data ichichinja.

Achishandisa Mazita Ranges muMafomu

Imwe nzira inoshandiswa pamasekero inoshandiswa ndeyekushandiswa mazita akasiyana - siyana - akadai saiyo inonzi mazita emhando yakagadzirwa mudanho rekare.

Muchirevo chekuita, iro rakarongedzwa rakarongwa basa rakangofanana neshoko rinoshandiswa asi rinowanzoshandiswa pamitengo iyo inoshandiswa kakawanda panguva dzakasiyana-siyana-zvakadai sokuderedzwa kwekutora kwepensheni kana mararamiro ehutano, mutero wemitero, kana svesayenzi nguva dzose - asi masero anongoratidzwa anoshanda zvakanyanya mumashandisirwo anotaura nezvehuwandu hwemashoko chaiwo kamwe chete.

Mune matanho ari pasi apa, zvose zvinyorwa zvinyorwa uye zita rakadanwa zvinoshandiswa pakugadzira mafomu.

Kupinda Mubasa Rokubviswa Kwevashandi

Muumbi wekutanga wakagadzirwa muchitokisi C6 uchawedzera Gross Salary yomushandi B. Smith nekukwira kwekuderedza muchitokisi C3.

Iyo yakagadzirwa mazai muchitokisi C6 ichava:

= B6 * mutengo

Kushandisa Kuratidza Kuisa Fomu

Kunyange zvazvo zvichikwanisa kungonyora fomu iri pamusoro apa muchitsetse C6 uye kuti mhinduro yakarurama ioneke, zviri nani kushandisa kuisa kuwedzera sero zvinyorwa zvemafomu kuitira kuti kuderedze kukanganisa kwezvikanganiso zvakagadzirwa nokunyora mune zvisina kururama sechitsekeri.

Kutaura kunosanganisira kuisa pachitokisi chine deta pamwe nemushonga we mouse kuti uwedzere kurefeterwa kwemafoni kana kuti zita rayo rinotaridzirwa kune rondedzero.

1. Dzvanya pachitokisi C6 kuti uite sero rinoshanda
2. Tora chiyero chakafanana ( = ) muchitokisi C6 kuti utange fomu
3. Dzvanya pachitokisi B6 neine mouse pointer kuti uwedzere kuti sero rinotarisa kumutsetse mushure mechiratidzo chakaenzana
4. Tora chimiro chokuwedzera ( * ) muchitokisi C6 mushure memusero rekare
5. Dzvanya pachitokisi C3 neine mouse pointer kuwedzera iyo inonzi yaive yakaenzana yezera iri
6. Dhinda pikicha inopinda mubhokisi kuti upedze fomu
7. Mhinduro 2747.34 inofanira kuva iri muchitokisi C6
8. Kunyange zvazvo mhinduro yemutsetse inoratidzwa muchitokisi C6, kutarisa pane iyo cell icharatidza chirevo = B6 * chiyero mubhadha yepamusoro pane pepa rekushanda

05 of 08

Kupinda muNetwork Salary Formula

Kupinda muNetwork Salary Formula

Iyi shanduro inogadzirwa muchitokisi D6 uye inotora mushandi wemutengo wemushandi wekubvisa mubhadharo wekutsvaga inorongwa muyamu yekutanga kubva muGross Salary .

Iyo yakagadzirwa mazai muchitokisi D6 ichava:

= B6 - C6

1. Dzvanya pachitokisi D6 kuti uite sero rinoshanda
2. Tora chikwangwani chakaenzana ( = ) mu cell D6
3. Dzvanya pachitokisi B6 neine mouse pointer kuti uwedzere kuti sero rinotarisa kumutsetse mushure mechiratidzo chakaenzana
4. Tora minus sign ( - ) muchitsetse D6 mushure memusero wechenyu
5. Dzvanyira pane cell C6 neine mouse pointer kune iyo cell reference kudonga
6. Dhinda pikicha inopinda mubhokisi kuti upedze fomu
7. Mhinduro 43,041.66 inofanira kuva iri muchitokisi D6
8. Kuti uone rumbiro iri muchitsetse D6, chengeta pane iyo sero kuti uratidze fomu = B6-C6 mubhadharo yekuburitsa

Relative Cell References uye Kukopa Formulas

Kusvika ikozvino, Deductions uye Net Salary formula dzakawedzerwa kune imwe sero rimwe nerimwe mubasa rekushanda - C6 neD6 maererano.

Somugumisiro, pepa rekushandira ikozvino rakakwana kune mumwe chete mushandi - B. Smith.

Panzvimbo pokupfuura nebasa rinopedza nguva yekudzorera maitiro ose evamwe vashandi, Excel mvumo, mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, mafomu ekukopwa kune mamwe masero.

Izvi zvinowanzobatanidza kushandiswa kwemhando yakasiyana yeesero reference - inozivikanwa senhengo inoshandiswa -inowanikwa.

Zvinyorwa zvesero izvo zvakapindirwa mune zvinyorwa mumatanho anotangira zvakange zviri zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvitsanangudzo, uye iyo ndiyo yakashata yeferensi rekutsvaga muExcel, kuitira kuti uite mapepa ekukopa zvakananga sezvaunokwanisa.

Nhanho inotevera mune zvidzidzo inoshandisa Fill Handle kunyora mabhii maviri aya kumiganhu iri pasi kuitira kuti upedze tafura ye data kune vashandi vose.

06 of 08

Kupiridza Mafomu neMafuta Okuzadza

Zadza Manotsi Akajeka

Chigadziro chinogadziriswa chidiki chiduku chine ruvara kana ruvara rwepamusoro pakona yepamusoro yekona yemusero unoshanda .

Mushonga unozadza unoshandisa zvakasiyana-siyana kusanganisira kukopa zviri mukati memasero . kuzadza masero nemhando dzedhamba kana mavara emavara, nekunyora mavara.

Muchikamu chino chekudzidzisa, chigadziro chinoshandiswa chichashandiswa kutevedzera zvose Deduction uye Net Salary fomu kubva kumasero C6 neD6 kusvika kumajeri C9 neD9.

Kupiridza Mafomu neMafuta Okuzadza

1. Simbisai masero B6 neC6 mubasa rekushanda
2. Isai peinter mouse pamusana wekona mutsara muzasi kwekona yekona yekamuri D6 - iyo pointer ichachinja kune imwe chiratidzo "+"
3. Dzvanya uye ubatisise ibhodhi reboshwe yemudhishi uye wedhonzai kuzadza tsvimbo pasi kumusero C9
4. Dzosera mutsara wemagetsi - masero eC7 kusvika C9 anofanira kuva nemigumisiro yeMushonga weDeduction uye masero D7 kusvika D9 muNet Salary formula

07 of 08

Kushandisa Nhamba Kufambisa muExpcel

Excel Nhamba Kuburitsa Maonero

Nhamba yehuwandu hwemhando inoreva kuwedzerwa kwezviratidzo zvemari, decimal markers, percent zviratidzo, nezvimwe zviratidzo zvinobatsira kuziva rudzi rwe data riripo muchitokisi uye kuti zvive nyore kuverenga.

Kuwedzera Percent Chiratidzo

1. Sarudza sero C3 kuti rionekwe
2. Dzvanya paImba yebhu yebhoni
3. Dzvanya paNzira Yese Yokusarudza kuzarura Purogiramu yeNhamba yeka pasi
4. Mune menyu, chengetedza pa Percentage sarudzo kuti uchinje mafomu ekukosha muchitokisi C3 kubva ku 0.06 kusvika ku6%

Kuwedzera Mari Yechiratidzo

1. Sarudza masero D6 kusvika kuD9 kuti avasimbise
2. PaImba yebhu yebhoni, tsvaga pane Zvose zvaunogona kuti uzarure mhando yeNhamba yeDhese pasi
3. Dzvanya paMari muMenyu kuti uchinje kuumbwa kwehutano mumasero D6 kusvika kuD9 kusvika kune mari pamwe nematunhu maviri

08 we 08

Kushandisa Kufambisa Kwemafoni muExcel

Cell Format Formatting

Kushandura kwemajeri kunoreva maitiro ekufambisa - sekushandisa kushandiswa kwekushandura kunyorera kana nhamba, kushandura kuenzaniswa kwemashoko, kuwedzera miganhu kumasero, kana kushandisa sangano uye nzvimbo yepamusoro kushandura kuonekwa kwe data iri muchitokisi.

Muchidzidzo ichi, zvinyorwa zvataurwa pamusoro apa zvinoshandiswa kune mamwe masero ari mubasa rekushanda kuitira kuti rifanane nepepaji rakapedzerwa rakapiwa papeji 1 yekudzidzisa.

Kuwedzera Bold Formatting

1. Sarudza sero A1 kuti rionekwe.
2. Dzvanya paImba yebhu yebhoni .
3. Dzvanyira paBold mafungiro ekugadzirisa sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pamusoro apa kuti usunge data iri muchitokisi A1.
4. Dzokorora zviyero zvakataurwa pamusoro apa kuti usimbise data mumasero A5 kusvika kuD5.

Kuchinja Dhigiriro Dhidhiyo

Iyi nhanho ichashandura kusasarudzwa kwekusimbiswa kwemasero akawanda kuti zvive zvakagadziriswa

1. Sarudza sero C3 kuti rionekwe.
2. Dzvanya paImba yebhu yebhoni.
3. Dzvanya pakusarudza kwekugadziriswa kweCentral sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pamusoro kuti uise deta iri muchitokisi C3.
4. Dzokorora zvinyorwa zvepamusoro zvinotevera kuti ugadzire kuenzanisa data mumasero A5 kusvika kuD5.

Kubatana neCent Cells

Kubatana neCentral sarudzo inosanganisa nhamba yakasarudzwa mune imwe sero uye inotanga kupinda kwepadhesi muboshwe kakawanda pane imwe yese yese yakabatana. Iyi danho ichabatana nekuisa musoro webasa rekushandura - Kuverenga Kucheka Kwevashandi ,

1. Sarudza masero A1 kusvika kuD1 kuti avasimbise.
2. Dzvanya paImba yebhu yebhoni.
3. Dzvanya pakusanganiswa kweMerige & Centre sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pamusoro apa kuti ubatanidze masero A1 kusvika kuD1 uye inomirira musoro uri mumasero aya.

Kuwedzera Pasi Pamiganhu Kumatare

Iyi danho ichawedzera miganhu yakadzika kumasero ari mune data mumitsara 1, 5, uye 9

1. Sarudza sero rakabatanidzwa A1 kusvika kuD1 kuti rionekwe.
2. Dzvanya paImba yebhu yebhoni.
3. Dzvanya pamusara wepasi uchienda kune Border sarudzo sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pamusoro kuti uzarure miganhu inodonha menyu.
4. Dzvanya paNotsika Border sarudzo pane menyu kuti uwedzere muganhu kusvika pasi pekamuri rakabatanidzwa.
5. Dzokorora marongero ezvinyorwa pamusoro apa kuti uwedzere muganhu wepasi kumasero A5 kusvika D5 uye kumasero A9 kusvika D9.