Makombiyuta havatoreri asi vari kuwana huchenjeri zuva nezuva
Mumashoko akajeka, mashandisirwo emichina (ML) ndiyo chirongwa chemichina (makombiyuta) kuitira kuti iite basa rakakumbirwa kuburikidza nekushandisa uye kuongorora dhe (ruzivo) kuti rite basa iroro zvakananga, kunze kwekuwedzera kwekushandisa kubva kumutsiki wevanhu.
Machine Learning 101
Izwi rokuti "machine learning" rakagadzirwa mumabhishi eBBM muna 1959 naArthur Samuel, piyona muuchenjeri hwekuvaka (AI) uye nemitambo yemakombiyuta. Kudzidzira kwemichina, semugumisiro, ibasa reArtificial Intelligence. Shanduro yaSamueri yaive yekufambisa kombiyuta yekuenzanisa yenguva yakatarisana uye orega kupa makomputa zvinhu zvokudzidza.
Pane kudaro, aida makombiyuta kuti atange kuongorora zvinhu ivo pachavo, pasina vanhu vaifanira kuisa kunyange rutivi ruduku rune ruzivo. Zvadaro, akafunga kuti, makombiyuta haaiti kungoita mabasa chete asi pakupedzisira angasarudza kuti ndeapi mabasa ekuita uye nguva. Sei? Saka makombiyuta aigona kuderedza huwandu hwebasa raidiwa nevanhu kuita chero nzvimbo ipi zvayo.
How Machine Kudzidza Inoshanda
Kudzidzira kwemichina kunoshandisa kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwezvigadziriswe uye data. Shanduro yegoridhe inongororwa nemirairo kana mirayiridzo inoudza kombiyuta kana purogiramu yekuita basa. Izvo zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa muML zvinounganidza data, zicherechedza mapepa, uye shandisa kushandiswa kwemashoko aya kuti agadzirise zvirongwa zvaro uye mabasa kuti apedze mabasa.
ML mashandisirwo emashandisirwo anoshandisa mitemo, masarudzo, mifananidzo yezvinyorwa, mashandisirwo emutauro, uye mashandisirwo emagetsi epaural (kutumidza vashomanana) kuti vaite zvakananga deta kuti vaite zvisarudzo uye kuita mabasa. Kunyange zvazvo ML inogona kuva hurukuro yakaoma, Google Teachable Machine inopa nemaoko akareruka-kuratidza kuti ML inoshanda sei.
Imwe nzira yakasimba yekudzidza kwemichina inoshandiswa mazuva ano, inonzi kudzidza zvakadzika , inovaka chimiro chemasvomhu chakaoma chinonzi neural network, kubva pane zvakawanda zve data. Neural network ndiwo masero ekugadzirisa muML uye AI yakarongedzwa mushure mekufamba kwemasero emasero muhupfungwa hwevanhu uye nervous system process information.
Artificial Intelligence vs. Machine Learning vs. Data Mining
Kuti unzwisise zvakanakisisa ukama huri pakati peAI, ML, uye migodhi yekutsvaga deta, zvinobatsira kufunga nezvegadziriro yemaserenda akaenzana. AI ndiyo umbrella mukuru. ML umbrella isiri duku uye inoenderana pasi peAI musera. Iyo inoshandiswa mumigodhi mumamburera ndiyo yakaderera uye inopindirana pasi peML umbrella.
- AI ibazi remakombiyuta yesayenzi inotarisira kuronga makombiyuta kuita mabasa mune mamwe "akachenjera" uye "nzira-yevanhu" nenzira, kushandisa mazano uye maitiro ekugadzirisa mafungiro anoshandiswa pashure pehuchenjeri hwevanhu.
- ML chikamu chekombiyuta mukati meAI chinotarisa pamapurogiramu epakombiyuta (makombiyuta) kuti adzidze (kuunganidza zvakakosha data kana mienzaniso) kuti iite zvinotungamirirwa nedzimwe, zvisarudzo zvine njere nenzira yakawanda.
- Dhizimusi reDynamic inoshandisa zvinyorwa, ML, AI, uye makuru makuru edzidziso kuti awane maitiro, kupa mazano, kugadzira zvinyorwa, kutsvaga matambudziko, uye kutumira zvakadzama data analytics.
Chii Chekudzidza Kudzidza Kuita (uye Yatoita)
Iko kukwanisa kwemakombiyuta kuongorora huwandu hwehuwandu hwezvikamu zvechikamu chechipiri hunoita kuti ML inobatsire mune mamwe maindasitiri apo nguva uye kukarurama zvakakosha.
- Mishonga: ML teknolojia inoshandiswa mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvemasarudzo emunharaunda, kusanganisira kubatsira vanachiremba vedambudziko rekukurumidzira nekukurumidza kuongororwa kwevarwere vane zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitiki. Vanachiremba vanogona kuisa urongwa hwezvirwere zvirwere muhurongwa uye vachishandisa ML, chirongwa chinogona kutsvaga zvitatu zveetabytes zvemashoko kubva kuchipatara mabhuku uye internet kuti adzore ruzivo rwekugona kuongororwa uye yakakurudzirwa kuongororwa kana kurapwa munguva yakanyorwa.
- Dzidzo: ML inoshandiswa kugadzira zvidzidzo zvekudzidzisa zvinozvienzanisa nezvido zvekudzidza zvemu mudzidzi, zvakadai sevadzidzisi vekudzidza vese uye mabhuku ezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinonyanya kutaurirana. Zvishandiso izvi shandisa ML kuti uwane mazano uye unyanzvi izvo mudzidzi anonzwisisa achishandisa mibvunzo shoma uye maitiro ekudzidzira. Zvishandiso zvino zvinopa mavhidhiyo mapfupi, mienzaniso yakawanda, uye zvinyorwa zvekubatsira mudzidzi kudzidza unyanzvi hunodiwa kana pfungwa.
- Zvimotokari: ML ichinhu chinokosha munharaunda inobuda yekutengesa motokari dzemotokari (inonziwo motokari-zvishoma motokari kana motokari dzinodzivirira). Iyo software inoshandisa self-motokari motokari inoshandisa ML panguva yekuongorora kwemazuva chaiyo-upenyu uye kuenzanisa kuti ione mamiriro ezvinhu emigwagwa (semigwagwa isina kufanira) kana kuziva zvipingamupinyi mumugwagwa uye unodzidza zvakakodzera kufamba motokari kuti ugare zvakanaka mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.
Iwe zvichida wakambosangana neML kakawanda usina kuzviziva. Zvimwe zvinowanzoshandiswa zveML teknolojia zvinosanganisira kugadzirisa kutaura kwemazwi ( Samsung's Bixby , Apple Siri , uye mapurogiramu akawanda ekutaura-ku-zvino anowirirana paPCs), filamende ye spam ye email yako, inovaka mashoko feeds, kuona hutsotsi, kutenga mapurisa, uye kupa zvidimbu zvekutsvaga tsvaga yewebhu.
ML inobatanidzwa mune yako Facebook feed. Paunenge uchida kana kuvhara pane zvinyorwa zvemashamwari nguva dzose, zvigadziridzo uye ML mushure mezviitiko "dzidza" kubva pane zviito zvako nekufamba kwe nguva kuti uise mberi vamwe shamwari kana mapeji muNewsfeed yako.
Chii Chekudzidza Kudzidza & # 39; t Unozviita
Zvisinei, kune mireho kune izvo ML inogona kuita. Semuenzaniso, kushandiswa kweML teknolojia mumakambani akasiyana-siyana kunoda huwandu hwakawanda hwekuvandudza nekugadzirisa vanhu kuti vaise purogiramu kana hurongwa hwemhando yemabasa inoshandiswa nemabhizimusi. Somuenzaniso, mumuenzaniso wedu wezvokurapa pamusoro apa, chirongwa cheML chakashandiswa mubazi rekukurumidzira rakagadzirirwa zvakananga kurapa kwevanhu. Iko haisi ikozvino yakakwanisa kutora iyo purogiramu chaiye uye inonyatsoiridzira iyo mune imwe nzvimbo yezvemhuka yekukurumidzira. Kuchinja kwakadaro kunoda huwandu hwekugadzirisa uye kukurudzirwa nevanhu vanogadzirira kuita shanduro inokwanisa kuita basa iri kumishonga yemhuka kana mhuka.
Inodawo kudarika yakawanda kwazvo deta uye mienzaniso "kudzidza" ruzivo rwunoda kuita zvisarudzo uye kuita mabasa. ML mapurogiramu ariwo chaiwo mukududzira kwedhesi uye kurwisana nekufananidzira uyewo mamwe marudzi ehukama mukati memigumisiro ye data, yakadai sechikonzero nemigumisiro.
Kuenderera mberi nekufambira mberi, zvisinei, kuri kuita ML yakawanda yekombiki yepamusoro yekugadzira zvinyorwa zvemakombiyuta zuva rimwe nerimwe.