PSTN Tsanangudzo - Public Switched Telephone Network
PSTN ndiyo izwi rakapfupiswa rinoshandiswa pakutsvaga foni system. Imwe shoko rinowanzoshandiswa kune iyo ndeyoPOTS, iyo inomiririra Plain Old Telephone System, nzira isina-geek yokutumidza zita rekugara iro ikozvino rekare uye rakajeka uye rakapfava kana richienzaniswa nevasikwi vatsva pamusika.
Iyi mambure yakasikwa kunyanya kwekutaura kwezwi reAnalogog pamusoro pematare akafukidza nyika uye makondinendi. Iko kuvandudzwa kwepamusoro pefoni yechungetedzo yakawanikwa naAlexander Graham Bell. Yakaunza kuhutano huri nani hutungamiri uye hwaiisa kune huwandu hwekushanda semabhizimisi, uye ine mari yakawanda uye yakashandura pane iyo.
PSTN uye Other Communication Systems
PSTN iye zvino inowanzoratidzwa uye inotumidzwa, kunyanya mune zvemiterevhizheni, kusiyana nemamwe magetsi ekukurukurirana. Mobile telephony yakabuda senzira yekutanga kune PSTN kana iri kuuya pakutaurirana kwezwi. Kukurukurirana kwemasero (2G) kwakabvumira vanhu kuti vataure pamusoro payo apo PSTN yaibvumira vanhu kuti vagadzire uye vagamuchire runhare kunze kwekusvika kune faira, iri pamba kana muhofisi.
Kunyange zvakadaro, PSTN ichiri kukwanisa kuchengetedza nzvimbo yayo mufoni yemazuva ano sezvo yakaramba iri mutungamiri iye zvino asingatauri mukudanwa kwehutano, neAverage Opinion Score (MOS) ye 4 kusvika ku5, 5 kuva chivako chekushaiwa. Yakachengetedza nzvimbo yayo kumba uye mune mabhizimisi nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda. Kusvikira munguva ichangopfuura yapfuura, vanhu vazhinji (kusanganisira vanhu vasiri vedzimba dzemagetsi kana kuti vanobva kune dzimwe nyika) vakanga vasati vatora telefoni yefoni uye saka vanogona kungosvika chete kuburikidza nenhamba yavo yekare yefoni yenyika. Uyezve, PSTN ndiyo inonyanya kutakura yeInternet kuwirirana munzvimbo dzakawanda dzenyika. Nokudaro, kukwanisa kushandisa dzimwe nzira dzekukurukurirana seVoIP nedzimwe magetsi eOTT kazhinji vaida PSTN mutsara kuti ive neInternet kuyananisira, kuburikidza neRDSL mutsara semuenzaniso.
Kutaura nezveVoIP, iyo ndiyo inonyanya kutaurwa nezita iri, yakange iri mutwikwi mukuru kune vashandi vePSTN kupfuura chero hupi hwehutaneti kuburikidza nekubvumira vanhu kutaurirana munharaunda yavo uye pasi pose pasina zvekutengesa. Funga nezve Skype, WhatsApp nedzimwe dzose dzeViIP services uye mapurogiramu, ayo akadziviswawo mune dzimwe nyika senzira yekuchengetedza teseji yekodhi uye kazhinji yehurumende.
Nzira Iyo PSTN Inoita
Mumazuva okutanga e telefoni, kuisa izwi rekukurukurirana kwemashure pakati pemapato maviri aida kutambanudza mairi pakati pavo. Izvi zvaireva mari yakakwirira yemarefu marefu. PSTN yakauya kuzotarisa zvinodhura pasinei nechokuita. Sezvinorehwa nezita racho, rinoshandiswa kuchinja kwepakati pamakwikwi. Izvi zvinoshandiswa se nodes yekukurukurirana pakati pechipi chero chipi zvacho uye chero chipi zvacho pamusangano. Nenzira iyi, munhu mumwe chete anogona kutaura kune mumwe kune rumwe rutivi rwepasi-rese network, nekuve kumagumo kwedunhu rinoshandiswa nhamba dzekutenderera pakati pavo.
Iri dunhu rakatsaurirwa kumapati maviri anowirirana muhurefu hwekudanwa, saka danho iwe unobhadhara paminiti imwe neimwe yekutumira. Rudzi urwu runoshandurwa runonzi circuit-switching. IP mitambo seIndaneti yakaunzwa mukati me packet switching, iyo yakashandisa imwechete yepasi network asi isina kuchengetedza chero chikamu chemutsara. Izwi (uye data) mharidzo yakakamurwa kuva mapurisa maduku anonzi mapatete ayo akaparidzirwa kuburikidza nekushandura kuzvimirirana kune mumwe nemumwe uye akazosanganiswa pane imwe mugumo. Izvi zvakaita kuti kutaura kukuru kusunungurwe paInternet kuburikidza neVoIP.