Telefony inoreva izwi rinoshandisa teknolojia inobvumira vanhu kuti vave nekutaura kwemashoko kure. Icho chinobva pashoko rokuti 'foni' iyo, zvakare, inobva pamashoko maviri echiGiriki "tele," zvinoreva kure, uye "foni," zvinoreva kureva, saka iro pfungwa yekutaura kubva kure. Izwi iri raive rakawedzerwa nekuuya kwemichina yakasiyana-siyana yekutaurirana. Muchidimbu chazvo, mazwi aya anosanganisira kutaurirana kwefoni, kufonera kwepaIndaneti, kutaurirana kwefoni, faxing, voicemail uye kunyange video conferencing. Iko pakupedzisira kwakaoma kutora mutsara wakajeka kuderedza chii telefony uye chii chisiri.
Pfungwa yekutanga iyo telefony inodzokera kune iyo POTS (plain telefon telephone service), inonzi ptn (public-switched telephone network). Iyi nzira iri kutsvaga yakaipa uye yakawanda kwazvo inobvumirana neIzwi pamusoro pePI (VoIP) teknolojia, iyo inowanzonziwo IP Telephony neInternet Telephony.
Voice over IP (VoIP) uye Internet Telephony
Aya mazwi maviri anoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana mumatambudziko mazhinji, asi nekutaura kutaura, haasi chinhu chakafanana. Aya mazwi matatu ayo mumwe nomumwe ari Izwi pamusoro pe IP, IP Telephony neInternet Telephony. Vose vanotaura nezvekufambisa kwemazwi uye izwi rezwi kuburikidza neIndaneti , iyo LAN s uye Indaneti. Nenzira iyi, zvivako zviriko uye zvigadzirwa zvatove zvakashandiswa pakuparadzira kwedhina zvinosungirwa, nokudaro zvichibvisa mari yekutsvaga kwemitengo yakadhura sezvinoitika nePSTN. Inonyanya kukosha iyo VoIP inounza kuvashandi inodhura mari yekucheka. Nhamba dzinowanzosunungurwa.
Izvi pamwe chete nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana iyo VoIP inounza yakaita kuti iyi yekupedzisira ive chinhu chakakura chekombiki iyo yakawana mukurumbira munyika yose uye ichiti chikamu cheshumba chekambani ye telefony. Izwi rinonzi Computer Telephony rakabuda nekuuya kwefolfoni , izvo zviyero zvinowanikwa pamakombiyuta, kutevedzera foni, vachishandisa masangano eVoIP paInternet. Computer telephony yakave yakakurumbira zvikuru nokuti vanhu vakawanda vanoshandisa iyo pasina.
Mobile Telephony
Ndiani asingatakuri telefony muhomwe dzavo nhasi? Nhare dzemafoni nemaokose zvinowanzoshandisa masiterefoni efoni achishandisa teknolojia ye GSM (cellular) kukubvumira kuita foni kufamba. Kutumira GSM kune mari inodhura, asi VoIP yakapindawo mafoni, mafoni, maPC pocket nezvimwe zvifoni, zvichibvumira vashandi vemafambisi kuti vasvike uye dzimwe nguva vasingabhadhara nharaunda uye munyika dzese. Nefoni yeVoIP, Wi-Fi uye 3G teknolojia inobvumira vashandisi kugadzira nhare dzese dzisingabhadhari, kunyange kune dzimwe nyika mazita.
Telephony Equipment uye Zvaidiwa
Chii chinotarisirwa kuti telefony ione pakati pezvinhu zvisiri nyore kusvika kumidziyo yakaoma. Ngatitangei kumativi ekutsigira (munharaunda yako semutengi) kuitira kuti usapinda zvinetso zvePBXs nemaseva uye kugoverana.
Pamusoro pePSTN, iwe unongoda chete foni uye shanduro jack. NaVoIP, iyo inoda kudikanwa kuti ienderane neI IP network (eg seEthernet kana Wi-Fi connection yeLAN ), webbandaneti yakawanda yebandaneti uye, mune nyaya yefoni yefoni, wireless network connection se Wi-Fi, 3G uye mune dzimwe nguva GSM. Iyo midziyo inogona kuve yakajeka seheadset (yekombiyuta telephony). Kune avo vanoda kutengesa foni yepamusha pasina kombiyuta, vanoda ATA (inonziwo foni yefaira) uye foni yemazuva ano. An IP foni iyi foni inosanganisira kushanda kweATA nezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda uye naizvozvo inogona kushanda kunze zvichienderana nedzimwewo hardware.
Kwete Izwi Chete
Sezvo mimwe mizhinji yakavhiringidzwa pane imwe nzira, faxing uye video conferencing zvakare inowira pasi pe telephony banner. Faxing tsika inoshandisa nhare dzefoni uye nhare dzefoni kuti dzitumidze fomu (yakapfupiswa kune fax). IP Faxing inoshandisa IP mitambo uye Indaneti kutumira uye kugamuchira fax messages. Izvi zvinopa mikana yakawanda, asi zvichiri kusangana nemamwe matambudziko. Video conferencing inoshanda zvakafanana nezwi pamusoro pe IP uye yakawedzera real-time video.