Transmission of Data pane an IP Network
Kuendesa mberi ndiyo nzira iyo iyo data packets inotumirwa kubva kune imwe yemashini kana chigadzirwa (technically inonzi node) kune imwe mumambure kusvikira vasvika panzvimbo dzavo.
Apo dhesi inotamiswa kubva kune imwe chigadzirwa kune imwe kune imwe yeIndaneti , seInternet, data inoputsika muzvikamu zviduku zvinonzi mapetet. Izvi zvinotakura, pamwe chete nedheta, musoro waine ruzivo rwakanyanya runobatsira parwendo rwavo kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo, zvakangofanana nezvamunazvo mune envelopu. Aya mashoko anosanganisira maIndaneti eIndaneti uye zvigadzirwa zvayo, nhamba dzepakiti dzichakubatsirazve kuvashanyira kuitira kuti vasvike kune imwe nzvimbo, uye zvimwe humwe ruzivo rwehuchenjeri.
Kuendesa mberi kwakafanana nekushandura (nezvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana, izvo zvandinokuchengetedza kubva). IP routing inoshandisa IP mazita kuenderera mberi IP packets kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo. IP inotora packet switching , kusiyana ne circuit switching.
Kushandiswa Kwakaitwa Sei
Ngationgororei mamiriro ezvinhu apo Li anotumira shoko kubva kombiyuta yake muChina inotumira shoko kuna Jo machine in New York. TCP nedzimwe nhepfenyuro dzinoita basa razvo nedhidhiyo pamusoro peMin machine; ipapo inotumirwa kumudziyo we IP protocol, apo data packets inosungirwa muPP packets uye inotumirwa pamusoro pewetaneti (Indaneti).
Iyi data data packets inofanira kuyambuka nemigwagwa yakawanda kuti inosvika kune iyo inopinda hafu yepasi rose. Basa iro routers iri kuita rinonzi kunongedza. Patikiti imwe neimwe inotakura IP mazita ekutenga uye nzvimbo yekuenda.
Mumwe nomumwe wevatori vepakati anotarisa IP address yepaji rimwe rakagamuchirwa. Kubva pane izvi, mumwe nomumwe achanyatsoziva kuti ndeapi nzira yekuendesa pakiti. Kazhinji, router imwe neimwe ine tafura yekugadzirisa, uko dhepfenyuro pamusoro pedharairi dzinopoteredza inochengetwa. Iyi dheta inosanganisira mari inoshandiswa pakuendesa pakiti pakatarisana node inopoteredza. Mari inowanikwa mumagariro ekutengeswa kwezvinhu uye zvishoma nezvishoma. Dhiyabhorosi kubva petafura iyi inofungidzirwa uye inoshandiswa kugadzirisa nzira yakanakisisa yokutora, kana nhamba yakanyatsoshanda yekutumira pakiti kuenda nenzira yayo kuenda kunzvimbo yayo.
Mapaketi anoenda mumwe nomumwe nenzira yake, uye anogona kufamba nenzira dzakasiyana siyana uye anotora nzira dzakasiyana. Vose vanozopedzisira vaendeswa kune imwe chete mishoni yekuenda.
Paunosvika pamakina aJo, kero yekuenda uye kero yemakirani ichaenderana. Mipakiti ichapedzwa nemakina, apo IP module pairi ichavadzosa zvakare uye inotumira data inoguma pamusoro peTCP service kuti iwedzere kushandiswa.
TCP / IP
IP inoshanda pamwe chete neTCP protocol kuti ione kuti kutapurika kwakatendeka, zvokuti hakuna data packet yakarasika, kuti inenge yakarongeka uye kuti hapana kunonoka kunonoka.
Mune mamwe mabasa, TCP inotsiviwa neDP (unified datagram packet) iyo isingatenderi kutendeseka mukuparidzirwa uye inotumira mapepa pamusoro. Semuenzaniso, dzimwe sangano reVoIP rinoshandisa UDP yefoni. Purotete dzakarashika dzingasaita hutano hwehutano hwakawanda.