Kushandisa Matanho Emari Kuti Afanise Kururamisa kweAic Asset
Kururamisa hutano huri hutano hunokosha kune ani zvake anoshanda mu teknolojia. Nepo huzhinji huri hutungamiri huri hutungamiri huchaitwa nehutungamiri mune sangano reTIT, kazhinji zvigadziro zvezvinhu zvitsva kana mabasa zvichabva kune vashandi ve IT. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa izwi uye maitiro ekutanga ekugadzira nyaya yekuisa mari mune imwe chigadzirwa chemidziyo. Icho chinhu chimwe chete chokukumbira kuti utore nzvimbo yako yekubatsira dawati software. Iwe ungangodaro uchinzwa, "tichatarisa mukati maro-blah blah blah". Zvimwewo, taura chimwe chinhu chakadai se "kuchinja maidikiti edu emahofisi ezvinyorwa zvichachengetedza IT $ 35,000 pagore uye ichabhadhara pachayo mumakore matatu", iwe uchawana mhinduro yakawanda yakawanda kubva kutonga kwako IT. Ndinogona kukuvimbisai izvozvo.
Ichi chinyorwa chichakupa unyanzvi hunokosha hunodiwa kuti uongorore nekugadzira kukosha kwekutsvaga kwekutsvaga kweIt. Iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa zvinonamatira usati watora kubhururuka kwakadzika mumatongerwo aya emari. Tarisa nyaya dzenguva yemberi apo ini ndichapa maitiro akawedzerwa ekuongorora maitiro ekururamisa iI Investment muzvigadzirwa kana kushanda.
Chaizvo IT Inoshandiswa Kuchengetedza Terminology
Capital Expenditure (CAPEX): Guta ndiro izwi rinoshandiswa kusiyanisa kutenga kunobatsira upenyu hunopfuura kwegore. Somuenzaniso, apo kambani inotenga laptop pamushandi, zvinotarisirwa kuti laptop yacho ichagara kwemakore matatu kana mana. Vabvunzi vanoda kuti rudzi urwu rwekutsvaga kweHIV ruzobhadharwa panguva iyoyo panzvimbo yekubhadharwa gore raakazvitenga. Imwe kambani inowanzo ine mazano pamusoro pehupenyu hunobatsira hwezvigadzirwa uye pamwe nehuwandu hwemadhora emari nokuda kwemari inoshandiswa. Semuenzaniso, bhibhodi inodhura $ 50 ingadai isingatarisirwi semari.
Kuora mwoyo: Kuwedzereka ndiyo nzira inoshandiswa kuparadzira zvinodhura zvehuwandu hwekutsvaga kweI IT pamusoro pehupenyu hunobatsira hwekutenga. Semuenzaniso, funga kuti nheyo yekuverenga mabhizimusi yemashandisi inoshandisa kukanganisa kwenzira yakarurama. Izvi zvinongoreva kuti kuderera kunenge kwakafanana mugore rimwe nerimwe. Ngatiti iwe unotenga server itsva ye $ 3,000 neupenyu hunotarisirwa hwemakore matatu. Kuwedzeresa pane iyo iyo inotengeswa iyo ichava $ 1 000 gore negore kwemakore matatu. Izvozvo zvakaderera.
Cash Flow: Mari inoyerera ndiyo kufamba kwemari mukati uye kunze kwebhizimisi. Iwe unoda kunzwisisa mutsauko pakati pemari nezvinhu zvisiri-mari. Kazhinji, mari inoshandiswa kana kuverenga kukosha kwekutsvaga kweI IT. Kuwedzerwa kwekushaya mari mari isiri iyo inoreva kuti pfuma inenge yakatobhadhara asi iwe uri kuparadzira zvinodhura pamusoro pehupenyu hwefa. Kutenga kwepakutanga kweI IT kushandiswa kwaizofungidzirwa kubuda kwemari apo kuongorora mari.
Discount Rate: Ichi chiyero chinoshandiswa mukutsvaga kuongororwa kwekuti dhora nhasi rinokosha kupfuura imwe dollar mumakore mashanu kana gumi. Kushandisa kubhadharwa kwekutsvaga muIkutsvaga kwekutsvaga kwekutsvaga inzira inzira yekuratidza madhora emangwana maererano nemadhora emazuva ano. Izvo zvinotapudza purogiramu pachayo ndiyo nyaya yemabhuku akawanda emagwaro. Kana iwe uchida yakarurama yakanatswa purogiramu yekambani yako, taura neyo account accounting. Kana zvisina kudaro tichashandisa chimwe chinhu chakafanana ne10% chinomiririra kutengesa uye chiyero kambani inogona kukwanisa kuwana mari isingabhadharwi muchikamu chako cheTI. Izvo zvakaita mutengo wemukana.
ICHI Nzira dzekutsvaga mari yekutsvaga
Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekubatsira pakuongororwa kwekutsvaga kweII (mari). Zvinonyatsoenderana nemhando yekutsvaga kwekutsvaga iwe urikuita uye kukura kweSangano reTI mukuongorora kushandiswa kwemari. Uhu hwesangano hunogonawo kuita basa. Asi ramba uchiyeuka ichi chinhu chisina kutora nguva yakawanda uye kunyange kana ukashandira sangano duku kusvika pakati pepakati, basa iri richakosheswa.
Muchikamu chino, tichatarisa maitiro maviri ari nyore ekutsvaga kwekuita. Ndinokukurudzira kuti ushandise zvose zviri zviviri pamwe chete zvinoudza mufananidzo wakazara wehuwandu hwekutsvaga kwekutsvaga kweI IT.
- Net Present Value
- Payback Period
Net Present Value (NPV)
Net Present Value ndiyo nzira yezvemari inokonzera kukwana kwemari inoyerera kupfuura nguva uye inodhura imwe neimwe kusvika panguva ino. Net Present Value inotora nguva yekukosha kwemari. Izvo zvinowanzoita kutarisa mari inowanikwa uye mari inobuda mumakore matatu kusvika kune mashanu uye inoderedza kubhururuka kwemambure pasi pemusana unobuda muhumwe chete. Kana nhamba yacho yakanaka, ipapo chirongwa chacho chingawedzera kukosha kune sangano uye kana NPV isisina kunaka, inoderedza kukosha kwesangano. Simba rechokwadi reNPV tsananguro ndeyekuenzanisa dzimwe shanduko dzeIt. NPV inopa kukosha kwehuwandu hwekuita kwekutsvaga kweI IT uye imwe ine NPV yakakwirira inotorwa pane dzimwe nzira.
Chikamu chakaoma cheNet Present Value chiverengero ndiyo nhamba chaiyo inoshandiswa pakuongorora. Pamuganhu wekubuda kwey equation, unogona kushandisa mari yose yekutsvaga pamwe chete nekugadzirisa mari uye kushandiswa kwemari. Rutivi runowedzera runogona kuva rakaoma kuwana. Kana iyo inotengeswa kwekuita IT inowedzera kuwedzera kwemari, izvi zvakanyatsofamba mberi uye unogona kushandisa nhamba idzi mukuongorora kwako. Apo iyo inowanikwa (kana kuti inobatsira) iri kune rumwe rutivi rwakareruka zvinoreva kuti ivo vanonyanya kuzviisa pasi sekuchengetedza munguva, zvakaoma zvikuru kuenzanisa.
Zvakanakisisa zvaunogona kuita ndezvokunyora mafungiro uye enda nemvura yako. Ngatitorei muenzaniso apo iwe unogadzira IT iwekutsvaga mubhuku rekushandisa daik software software. Kubatsirwa kwekutsvaga kwakadaro nguva yakachengetedzwa nevashandi ve IT uye zvichida kugutsikana kwakanyanya kubva munharaunda yevashandisi. Kana iwe uchitsiva imwe yemaidiki dawati software purogiramu, iwe unogonawo kuchengetedza mari mukugadzirisa kubva kune iyo system. Iwe unofanirwa kuputsa pasi zvinyorwa uye zvipfeko kuitira kuti uone kuongorora kweNet Present Value (NPV) yeIt investment investment proposition.
Inopinza: Inopera kana zvikomborero zvinokonzerwa neI IT utsinhanho zvinogona kuzviisa pasi uye zvisinganyatsozivikanwa. Kakawanda nguva, kubatsirwa kweI IT kushandiswa kugadzirisa munguva, kugutsikana kwekambani kana dzimwe nhamba dze "soft". Heano mienzaniso mishomanana yezvikamu.
- Kuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedza mari kubva kumapuraneti ekurega
- Nguva yakachengetedzwa neHIT mashizha nekuda kwekuwedzera kwehutano
- Kuwedzera mari
Zvimbudiro: Zvipfeko zvinowanzo nyore nyore kuverenga asi vamwe vanogona kuzviisa pasi zvakare. Heano mienzaniso mishomanana yezvakabuda.
- Mutengo we software (reisense mari, nezvimwewo)
- Maintenance
- Kunze kwekutengesa mari
Ichi chifananidzo chikuru chinoratidza kushandiswa kwekutsvaga kwekutsvaga kwekushandiswa kwekushandisa IT kushandisa Net Present Value (NPV) kuongororwa. Excel inoita kuti rudzi urwu rwekuongorora ruve nyore nyore. Iyo inewo basa yekuverenga NPV. Sezvaunogona kuona kubva pamufananidzo, ndakaisa zviyero nemafashamo egore uye ndakatarisa NPV kubva pane zvishoma zvishoma zve 10%.
- NPV Analysis: IT inowanikwa muScott (yakakura mufananidzo)
Payback Period
Chigumisiro chePayback Period tsananguro inoratidza kuti nguva yakareba sei iyo IT inotora inotora kubhadhara mari yekutsvaga. Inowanzotaurwa mumakore asi izvi zvinoenderana nekuongorora nguva nguva. Nguva yekubhadhara Nguva inogona kunge iri nyore kuverenga asi chete nechero rakanyanya nyore yekutora. Heino chirevo chekuverenga Period Period paI IT kukohwa. Muzhinji, shorter Period Period haisi panjodzi yakawanda iyo IT inotengeswa.
[Mari yeI IT Investment] / [Mari Yegore Yese Yakabudiswa kubva IT Investment]
Ngatitarise mamiriro ezvinhu mauri kutenga chikamu che e-commerce software ye $ 100,000. Funga kuti chikamu chepurogiramu chinowedzera mari ne $ 35,000 gore negore. Iyo Payback Period kuverenga yaizova $ 100,000 / $ 35,000 = 2.86 makore. Saka, iyi inotora chikwereti ichizobhadhara pachayo mumakore maviri nemwedzi gumi.
Pane chirevo chakakosha chekuverenga Period Payback uchishandisa sarudzo yakajeka yezvifungidziro. Hazvikwanisiki kuti mari inobva kuI Investment inenge ichinyatsojeka kwenguva yakareba. Zvakanyanya kunyanya kukosha kuti ruzivo rwemari ruve rusina kukwana. Munyaya iyi, unofanira kutarisa kuwedzera kwegore negore mumari kusvikira mari yekutanga yeIt investment "yakabhadharwa".
Chimbofunga muenzaniso wakafanana kubva kumusoro. Ngatitii mugore rekutanga, kuwedzera kwematare emari kubva kuI Investment iri $ 17,000. Mumakore 2, 3, 4 uye 5 iri $ 29,000, $ 45,000, $ 51,000 uye $ 33,000, zvichienderana. Kunyange zvazvo iyi inowedzera kuwedzera kwegore mumari ye $ 35,000, iyo Payback Period yakasiyana nekuda kwemari isina kufanira inowanikwa kubva kune iyi inotengeswa. Nguva yekubhadhara mumuenzaniso inonyanya kuwedzerwa ipapo makore matatu iyo yakareba kudarika mavambo ekutanga achishandisa muyero. Tichitarisa kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwemari, iwe unogona kuona kana mari yepakutanga yakavharwa. Mumuenzaniso uyu, ingoona kuti mari yeI IT inotengeswa ($ 100,000) yakavharwa. Iwe unogona kuzviona zvichiitika pakati pegore 3 negore 4.
Kuwedzerwa Kuwedzerwa Mutsva:
- Gore 1 - $ 17,000
- Gore 2 - $ 46,000
- Gore 3 - $ 91,000
- Gore 4 - $ 142,000
- Gore 5 - $ 175,000
Tarisa mufananidzo weTS Investment Excel spreadsheet yefomu yakazara yekuverenga Period Period.
IT Investment Proposal
Kunyange zvazvo kuverenga kuri kukosha mune imwe sangano rekutsvaga kwekuita, hazvisi zvose. Ndinokurudzira zvakasimba kuti iwe uise pamwe chete chinangwa pane kungobudisa pepanhesi yako kana kuti kutumira email kuwanikwa. Funga nezveCFO yako sevateereri paunoungana pamwe chete. Pakupedzisira, kana zvingaguma pa dawati rake chero zvakadaro.
Ndinoda kukurudzira kuti iwe utange sarudzo nekfupi muchidimbu chekutsvaga kweI IT (mari) yaunenge uchikumbira ichiteverwa nhepfenyuro muchidimbu mumashoko emigumisiro yekuongorora kwako (pamwe nekuverenga muchidimbu). Pakupedzisira, shandisa tsananguro yepadhesi yepamusoro uye iwe une unyanzvi hupi hupi hunofanirwa nebasa rako.
Iko YAKO yekutsvaga kwekutsvaga purogiramu yako inogona kusanganisira
- Nhaurirano: ndima kana mbiri inopfupikisa iyo IT inoshandiswa iwe urikuripira.
- Kururamisira: ndima kana mbiri inopfupisa mhinduro dzekuongorora kwako pamwechete nemashandisirwo awakashandisa (sanganisira pfupiso yetafura)
- Kudhindwa: kubudiswa kwakachena kweExpcel spreadsheet kuratidza kuongorora kwakadzama
Sample Excel Spreadsheet
Semuenzaniso Excel spreadsheet ine mavara matatu anosanganisira:
- Summary
- Net Present Value (NPV) Kuverenga
- Payback Calculation
- IT Kuongorora Kwekutsvaga - Excel 97-2003 Version
Kana iwe uine mibvunzo ine chokuita nekururamisa kwekutsvaga kweI IT, ndirasire ini email kana zvinyorwa muNew Tech Forum.