Zvese zvaunoda kuziva pamusoro pevamwe IP mazita
Inzvimbo yepaI yega yega yeIndaneti iyo yakachengetedzwa kushandiswa mukati mukati me router kana imwe kero Network Network Translation (NAT), kunze kwevanhu vose.
Pamwe pikombi yepa IP zvakasiyana nemasangano epachena ePI , ayo ari evanhu uye haagoni kushandiswa mukati memusha kana bhizinesi rebhizimisi.
Dzimwe nguva peji yePI yega yega inonziwo kero ye IP .
Ndeapi IP Mazita Ari Pamwe?
IInternet Yakapiwa Numeri Authority (IANA) inochengetedza mazita evhareji e IP anotevera ekushandiswa sevhangeri dzepachena IP:
- 10.0.0.0 kusvika 10.255.255.255
- 172.16.0.0 kusvika 172.31.255.255
- 192.168.0.0 kusvika 192.168.255.255
Iti yekutanga yeIndaneti mazita kubva kumusoro inobvumidza mamiriyoni emamiriyoni gumi nematanhatu, yechipiri kune mamiriyoni anopfuura, uye vanopfuura 65,000 pamusara wekupedzisira.
Imwe mhando yevadzivisi yepachena IP ndeye 169.254.0.0 kusvika 169.254.255.255 asi ndeye Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) inoshandisa chete.
Muna 2012, IANA yakapa madhiyoni emamiriyoni mana e100.64.0.0/10 kuti ishandiswe mumamiriro ekutakura-grade NAT.
Chikonzero Nei Private Address Ade Inoshandiswa
Panzvimbo yekuva nemidziyo mukati meimba kana bhizinesi rebhizimisi rimwe nerimwe rinoshandisa kero yepachena yepachena, iyo ine zvishoma zvayo, mazita eIndaneti ega ega anopa sangano rakasiyana rakasiyana reatari iro richiri kubvumira kushandiswa kune mambure asi pasina kutora nzvimbo yepachena yekero yepad .
Somuenzaniso, ngationgororei router standard pamusha wekutengesa. Vakawanda vanoenda mumisha nemabhizimisi munyika yose, zvichida iwe uye iwe muvakidzani wemuvakidzani wako, vose vane IP ye192.168.1.1, uye vanopa 192.168.1.2, 192.168.1.3, ... kune zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosangana nazvo ( kuburikidza nechimwe chinhu chinonzi DHCP ).
Hazvina basa kuti vangani vanoshandisa mabhii 192.168.1.1, kana kuti mazana mangani kana mazana emashandisi mukati memusangano wekugoverana IP mapikisi nevashandisi vemamwe mitambo, nokuti havataurirane .
Pane kudaro, zviyero zviri mumutambo zvinoshandisa router kuti ichishandure zvikumbiro zvavo kuburikidza nekombiyuta yePI yevanhu, iyo inogona kutaurirana nedzimwe kero dzepaI yepachena uye pakupedzisira kune mamwe masangano emunharaunda.
Zano: Handizivi kuti router yako kana imwe pagedhi yepadhi yePI yerutivi yega? Onai Ndingawana Sei Nzira Yangu Yakashata yeIndaneti IP Address? .
Iyo hardware mune imwe nzvimbo yakashandiswa iri pamba yepaIndaneti inogona kutaura kune imwe neimwe hardware mukati mechirongwa cheyo network , asi inoda router kuti ikurukure nemichina kunze kwenhare, mushure mokunge kero yepachena ye IP ichashandiswa kutaura.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvose zvigadzirwa (laptops, desktops, mafoni, mahwendefa , nezvimwewo) zviri mumakanzura ega ega pasi pose zvinogona kushandisa kero yepachena yePI pasina chairo, izvo zvisingagoni kutaurwa kuvanhu veIndaneti.
Pamwe IP keroti inopawo nzira yezvigadziri zvisingadi kushamwaridzana neIndaneti, sevhareji yefaira, makadhinda, nezvimwewo, kuti irambe ichitaurirana nemamwe madivayiri pane network asi isingatauri pachena kuvanhu.
Vakachengetedzwa IP Address
Chimwe chendaneti yePI kero dzisingabvumirwi zvakadanwa dzinonzi dzakachengetedzwa IP mazita. Izvozvi zvakafanana nevanoshandisa pikisi yePI mupfungwa yokuti havagoni kushandiswa mukukurukurirana pane internet yakawanda, asi ivo vanonyanya kudzivirira kupfuura izvozvo.
Inonyanya kuzivikanwa IP yakadzama 127.0.0.1 . Iyi kero inonzi idiopback address uye inoshandiswa kuedza iyo network network kana chipiniti chakabatanidzwa. Hapana nharaunda yakataurirwa 127.0.0.1 inotumirwa pamusoro pematarenda emunharaunda kana yevhidhiyo yevanhu.
Nenzira, yose yakabva 127.0.0.0 kusvika 127.255.255.255 yakachengeterwa zvinangwa zveloopback asi iwe unenge usingazooni chero chinhu kunze kwe 127.0.0.1 chakashandiswa munyika chaiyo.
Mazita ari munharaunda kubva ku 0.0.0.0 kusvika ku 0.255.255.255 akachengeterwa asi haaiti chero zvachose. Kana iwe uchikwanisika kugovera chigadziri nekero yePI mumutambo uyu, haikwanise kushanda zvakanaka pasinei nokuti pane paine network yakaiswa sei.
Zvimwe Zvinyorwa paMaIndaneti EpaIpa Pamwe
Apo chigadzirwa chakafanana ne router chinowedzerwa mukati, inogamuchira kero yepachena ye IP kubva kune ISP . Ndiyo maikirwo ayo anobva asangana ne router inopiwa pachedu IP mazita.
Sezvandambotaura pamusoro apa, pikombi yepaI yega yega haigone kutaurirana zvakananga nekero yepaIndaneti. Izvi zvinoreva kana chikwata chine pamba yepache yePI yakabatanidzwa zvakananga kuIndaneti, uye naizvozvo inenge isingagadziriki, chigadzirwa hachizove nehutano hwehutano kusvikira kero inoshandurirwa kuva kero yebasa kuburikidza neNAT, kana kusvikira iyo ichikumbira kutumira kunotumirwa kuburikidza nechigadzirwa chinenge chaine kero yakakodzera yepaIndaneti.
Zvose zvekutengesa kubva paIndaneti zvinogona kuwirirana ne router. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kune zvose kubva pakugara kweHTTP kuenda kune zvinhu zvakadai seFTP neRDP. Zvisinei, nokuti pachake peji IP mazita akavanzwa mushure me router, router inofanira kuziva iyo IP address iyo inofanira kutumira mashoko kana iwe uchida chimwe chinhu seFTP server kuti igadzike paimba yeimba.
Kuti izvi zvishande zvakafanira kune pachepu yepaI IP, kutumira kwemafisi kunofanira kuiswa.