The 6 Phases of 3D Production
Pano pane nhepfenyuro inenge hupenyu hwose hwefirimu paanoona chimwe chinhu mufirimu uye zvishamiso, "zvino sei pasi pano vakaita izvozvo?"
Mimwe yemifananidzo yakasikwa yechinyorwa chesirivha inoshamisa, kubva pasi-inodedha hondo muThe Lord of the Rings trilogy kusvika kumasikirwo emamerica emamiriro ezvinhu akabudiswa kune Avatar , Tron: Legacy , uye 2010 maziso ekubudirira, Inception .
Paunotarisa zvakadzika pasi pe hood, kune huwandu hwakawandisa hwemasvomhu nesayenzi inopinda mumashini yekombiyuta yanhasi. Asi kune nyanzvi yezvemakombiyuta inoshanda mushure memawindo, kune vatatu kana vana vedhidhiyo vhidhiyo vanoshanda zvakaoma kuti vauye zvisikwa, vanhu, uye nzvimbo dzemagariro avo kuhupenyu.
The Computer Graphics Pipeline
Nzira iyo inopinda mukugadzirwa kwemifananidzo yakazara ya 3D movie kana nzvimbo inozivikanwa nemabhizimisi anozivikanwa se "computer graphics pipeline." Kunyange zvazvo chirongwa ichi chakaoma kwazvo kubva pakufunga kwekodzero, zviri nyore chaizvo kunzwisisa kana zvakafananidzirwa sequentially .
Chimbofunga nezvehudiwa wako we 3D movie movie. Inogona kunge iri Wall-E kana Buzz Lightyear, kana kuti zvimwe iwe uri fan of Po muKung Fu Panda . Kunyangwe zvazvo vanhu vatatu ava vakatarisa zvakasiyana kwazvo, zvinyorwa zvavo zvekugadzirwa zvakafanana zvakafanana.
Kuti utore hupenyu hwemagariro evanhu kubva pane imwe pfungwa kana nyaya yemifananidzo yakashandurwa kusvika pakushandurwa kwakazara kwe 3D , chimiro chinopfuura nematanho matanhatu makuru:
- Pre-production
- 3D Modeling
- Shading & Texturing
- Lighting
- Mifananidzo
- Kupa & Post-production
01 of 07
Pre-Production
Pakutanga-kushandiswa, kutarisa kwese kweunhu kana nzvimbo yakagadzirirwa. Pakuguma kwekugadzirwa kwekutanga, kugadziriswa kwemashizha mapepa kuchaendeswa kumusangano wekuenzanisa kuti uite.
- Mhedziso Yese Inotarisana: Zvizhinji, kana kunyange mazana emifananidzo nemifananidzo yakavezwa uye inorongedzwa zuva rega rega nemutungamiriri, vatori, uye unyanzvi unotungamirira.
- Mucherechedzo Palette: Chimiro chemuvara wemunhu, kana palette, inokurudzirwa muchikamu ichi, asi kazhinji hachina kugadziriswa kusvikira gare gare.
- Concept Artists vanogona kushanda nemagetsi ezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi kuti vatange kugadzira predicminary digital mock-ups yezvivimbiso zvinogadzirwa.
- Nhamba dzezvenhoroondo dzakagadziriswa, uye zvinetso zvakakosha (kufanana nenguvo nemucheka) zvinotumirwa kunotsvakurudza uye kubudirira.
02 of 07
3D Modeling
Nekutaridzika kwechimiro chakapedzwa, purojekiti ikozvino yakapfuurira mumaoko ema 3D modelers. Basa remufananisi nderokutora chidimbu chechimiro chechimiro chechimiro uye kuchishandura mu 3D model iyo inogona kupiwa kuvamisiki gare gare mumugwagwa.
Mumapayipi emazuva ano anogadzirwa, pane maitiro maviri makuru mufodhi yekufananidzira : polygonal modeling & digital sculpting.
- Chimwe nechimwe chine simba rawo rakasiyana nehutera, uye pasinei nekuve zvakasiyana zvakasiyana, nzira mbiri idzi dzinowirirana.
- Kunyora kunokweretesa zvakanyanya kuhupenyu (hunhu) mhando, nepo polygonal modeling inonyanya kukodzera kumagetsi / mapurani ekugadzira.
Nyaya ye 3D modeling yakazara zvakanyanya kuvhara mumatatu matatu kana mana, asi chimwe chinhu chatinoramba tichipfekedza zvakadzika muMaya Training series .
03 of 07
Shading & Texturing
Nhanho inotevera muzvioni zvinoonekwa pipeline inozivikanwa se shading nekunyora. Muchikamu chino, zvinhu, mavara, uye mavara zvinowanikwa ku 3D model.
- Chimwe chikamu chemufananidzo chinogamuchira zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuita kuti zvionekwe zvakakodzera.
- Zvigadzirwa zvechokwadi: Kana chinhu chacho chakagadzirwa nepurasitiki, ichapiwa kugadzirisa, kusvibiswa kwakasviba. Kana yakagadzirwa negirazi, iyo nyaya ichave yakanyatsojeka uye inopikisa chiedza seganda regirazi rechokwadi.
- Mavara nemirau zvinowanikwa nekufungidzira mufananidzo wemaviri-dimension pane mufananidzo kana nekupenda zvakananga pamusoro pemuenzaniso sekunge yaiva chando. Izvi zvinoitwa nehuwandu hwemapurogiramu (kufanana neZBrush) uye piritsi yakajeka.
04 of 07
Lighting
Kuti zviratidzo zveD 3D zvivepo, magetsi ejjidhi anofanira kuiswa munzvimbo kuti ajekese mitero, chaizvoizvo sezvo magetsi ekugadzirwa kwemafirimu angavhenekera vatambi uye maitiro. Ichi ndicho chiitiko chechipiri chekambani yekugadzira pipeline (mushure mokushandura), asi kuchine humwe hutano hwakawanda hwekugadzira hunobatanidzwa.
- Chiedza chakanaka chinofanira kunge chakanyatsogoneka kuti chive chekutenda, asi chinoshamisa zvakakwana kuti chiratidze mutungamiri wechinangwa chakanaka.
- Nyaya dzeMafungiro: Tenda kana kwete, nyanzvi dzekudzivirira dzine zvakawanda, kana kunyanya kudzora kudarika zvinyorwa zvemavara kana zvichisvika pfuti yemuvara, mavara, uye nzvimbo yose.
- Dzoka-uye-Forth: Pane huwandu hukuru hwekukurukurirana pakati pekujekesa nekugadzirwa kwevatambi. Masangano maviri anoshanda pamwe chete kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti zvinhu uye magetsi zvinokodzera pamwe chete uye kuti mumvuri nemafungiro zvinotarisa sezvinogutsa sezvinobvira.
05 of 07
Mifananidzo
Mifananidzo, sekuwanda kweiyo mava kutoziva, ndiyo nharaunda yekugadzira apo artists vanofema upenyu uye vanofambira mumunhu wavo. Nzira yehupenyu hwemafirimu e-3D yakasiyana zvakasiyana nemasikirwo emaoko akabudiswa mafirimu, kugovera nzvimbo yakawanda yakawanda neyemagetsi ekufamba:
- Rigged for Motion : Mifananidzo ye 3D inodzorwa nenzira yemasaga kana "rig" iyo inobvumira mutevedzeri kuti atungamirire maoko emuenzaniso, makumbo, maziso, uye maitiro.
- Kushandisa-Ku-Pose: Zvipikicha zvinowanzopedzwa pose-pose-pose. Mune mamwe mazwi, mutevedzeri achaisa "kiyi-firimu" yekutanga kutanga nekugumisa kwechiito chekuita, uye zvino tora zvose zviri pakati kuitira kuti kufamba kunenge kuchiratidza uye kwakakodzera nguva.
Dzokera kune imwe nzvimbo yekombiyuta yedu yehupenyu sangano rekugovera zvakanyanya nyaya yacho.
06 of 07
Kupa & Post-Production
Chikamu chokupedzisira chekugadzira nzvimbo ye 3D chichizivikanwa sekushandura, iyo inonyanya kureva kushandurwa kwechiitiko che 3D kuchigadzirisa mufananidzo wechidimbu. Kubhadhara kunyanzvi, saka handichapedzi nguva yakawanda pamusoro payo pano. Muchikamu chekushandura, mishonga yose isingagoni kuitwa nekombiyuta yako munguva chaiyo-inofanira kuitwa.
Izvi zvinosanganisira, asi hazvirevi kune zvinotevera:
- Kugumisa Kupenya : Shadows uye mafungiro anofanira kuverengwa.
- Migumisiro Inokosha : Izvi zvinowanzoitika apo zvinenge zvakafanana nekudzika-kwe-munda kusvibiswa, bhuni, utsi, uye kuputika zvingangosanganiswa munzvimbo.
- Post-processing: Kana kujeka, marara, kana kuti kusiyana kunofanira kudimbiswa, kuchinja uku kwaizopedzwa mumifananidzo yekushandura software zvichienderana nekupa nguva.
Tine tsanangudzo yakadzama yekushandura pano : Kubatsira: Kuzadzisa Chimiro
07 of 07
Unoda kudzidza zvakawanda here?
Kunyange zvazvo kakombiyuta ine pikisi yemapikisi inonyanya kuoma, nhanho dzinokosha dziri nyore kuti chero munhu anzwisise. Ichi chinyorwa hachirevi kuti chive chakakwana, asi kungoita sumo kune zvishandiso uye unyanzvi hunoita kuti 3D makombiyuta mafirimu aoneke.
Tarisiro yakakwana yakapiwa pano kuti ikurudzire zviri nani basa nebasa rinoenda mukugadzira zvimwe zvekugadzirisa kwezvinhu zvinotaridzika zvatakawira zvose murudo nemakore.
Ramba uchifunga, chinyorwa ichi chiri kungobuda-tinokurukura nyaya dzose dzakasimudzwa pano nemamwe mashoko mune zvimwe zvikamu. Mukuwedzera kune About.com, mabhuku ezvinyorwa zvemafirimu chaiwo anogona kuzarura maziso, uye kune misha yakawanda yeInternet munzvimbo dzakadai se 3D Total uye CG Society. Ndinokurudzira chero munhu ane ruzivo rwakawanda kuti aongorore, kana kana iwe unofarira mukugadzira humwe hutano hwako, tarisa pane zvidzidzo zvedu: