The Domain Name System (DNS) inochengetedza mazita neateresi dzemaseva eIndaneti. Sezvo IWebhu yakakura, DNS yakakurumidza kuwedzera masimba ayo kuenzanisa, zvichikonzera kugoverwa kwenyika yose yezviuru zvemakombiyuta nhasi. Fadza shamwari dzako dzechikoro kuburikidza nekudzidza uye kugovera zviitiko izvi zvinonakidza pamusoro peDNS.
Anopfuura Makore 30 Makore Akare
Mapepa maviri naPauro Mockapetris akabudiswa munaNovember 1983 - akadana RFC 882 uye RFC 883 - akaratidza kutanga kweDNS. Pamberi peDNS, hurumende yehurumende inogona kuzivikanwa chete nemazita ayo, uye mazita avo ose aya ane mazita akachengetwa mune imwe faira huru (inonzi "hosts.txt") yakazova yakaoma zvikuru kutarisira semakombiyuta emakombiyuta akakura muma1970 uye 1980. DNS yakakura iyi imwechete-yezita zita rekutaura kune imwe-yezinga imwechete nekuwedzera masangano ekutsigira - rimwe kana mamwe mazita anowedzera akaendeswa kune zita reimba, rimwe nerimwe rakaparadzana ne dot (.).
Iko 6 Chekutanga TLDs
Zvinopfuura 700 domains-level (TLDs) zvino yavapo paInternet (kusanganisira mamwe mazita asinganzwisisiki se .rocks and .soy). Dare risina purogiramu rinodzora Internet Corporation Corporation reMazita akanyorwa uye Nhamba (ICANN) inodzora kugoverwa kwadzo - ona urongwa hwe ICANN hwemashure epamusoro-soro.
Pakutanga kushandiswa muma1980, zvisinei, DNS inotsanangurwa chete maTLD matanhatu - .com, .edu, .gov, .net, .net uye .org. Kuwedzera kukuru kwemashoko ezita remasimita kwakatanga muna 2011 nechinangwa chekunatsa zviri nani maIndaneti maererano nechinangwa chavo.
Zvimwe: Inzvimbo Dzakakwirira dzeInternet (TLDs) Dzinotsanangurwa
Zvinopfuura 100 Million Registered Domains
Mamwe mazita eIndaneti mazita akaita se "about.com" uye "mit.edu" anoshamwaridzana nezvikoro kana mabhizinesi, asi vanhu vanyoresa vamwe kune zvinangwa zvavo. Zvose zvinodarika mamiriyoni zana emadhorobha akanyoreswa aripo pasi peGregory chete. Aya uye mamwe anofadza DNS statistics anogona kuwanikwa pa DomainTools Internet Statistics.
Inoshanda muZviri Pamberi uye Inoshandura
Zvizhinji zvikumbiro kune DNS zvinosanganisira kuchinja mazita emasiti eWebhu uye mamwe mavhareji eIndaneti kuIndaneti , iyo inodanwa mberi DNS lookups. DNS inoshandawo mumutungamiri wakatarisa, kushandura mazita kune mazita. Nepo reverse DNS lookups zvishoma zvisinganyanyi kushandiswa, dzinobatsira vatungamiri vematambudziko vane matambudziko. Zvishandiso zvakadai seping uye traceroute zvinoshandura zvitsva, semuenzaniso.
Zvimwe: Tungamira uye Dzokorora Zero Lookups IP
Ane 13 Midzi
IDNS inoronga mazita ayo semaseva muchibvumirano chekubatsira kugadzirisa kukurukurirana kwepakati pakati pemaseva uyewo kuita kuti kushandiswa kwemamiriro ezvinhu kuve nyore. Zvose zvirongwa zvemazuva ano seDNS inogadzira nhamba yepamusoro (inonzi "mudzi") kubva kunzvimbo dzakadzika dzinogona kubuda. Nokuda kwezvikonzero, nhasi DNS inotsigira 13 mazita emaseva mazita kwete pane imwe chete. Imwe yemidzi iyi, inofadza, inodanwa nezita rimwe chete - kutanga ne 'A' uye richienderera kune tsamba 'M'. (Cherechedza kuti maitiro aya ndeaya kumudzi-servers.net Internet domain, achiita mazita avo akazara-akakodzera se "a.root-servers.net," somuenzaniso.)
Zvimwe: D 13 DNS Root Name Vashumiri
A Target Target for Hacking Web Sites
Nhau dzeDNS kukwikwidza zviitiko zvinowanikwa munhau dzakawanda kakawanda. Kubhadhara kunobatanidza muchengeti anowana ruzivo rweDNS server zvinyorwa zvepaIndaneti yakatarwa uye achivashandura kuti vadzokerezve kune imwe nzvimbo kune imwe nzvimbo panzvimbo iyo, Kana munhu weIndaneti achishanyira nzvimbo yakatorwa, DNS inorayira musikana wavo kuti akumbire data kubva nzvimbo yakashata. Cherechedza kuti vatambudzi kazhinji havakwanisi kupinda muDNS pachavo asi vanogona kutyisidzira basa rekugadzirisa kwemasimba nekuzvienzanisa sevanotarisira Webhu.