13 seva mazita isimba re IPv4
DNS mizu zita remaseva anoshandura URLs muIndaneti. Aya mavhareti midzi ndiwo masangano emazana emaseva munyika dzakapoteredza. Zvisinei, pamwe chete vanozivikanwa sevashumiri gumi nematanhatu vakanzi maDNS.
Pane zvikonzero zviviri zveIndaneti Domain Name System inoshandisa chaizvo 13 DNS servers pamudzi wehurongwa hwayo: Nhamba 13 yakasarudzwa sekubatanidza pakati pekuchengetedzwa kwenethiwekhi nekushanda, uye 13 inobva pakadzikama kweInternet Protocol (IP) version 4 (IPv4).
Kunyange zvazvo 13 chete yakasarudzwa DNS root server mazita aripo nokuda kwe IPv4, chaizvoizvo, rimwe nerimwe remazita aya rinomiririra kwete kombiyuta imwe chete asi pane svondo re server rinosanganisira akawanda makombiyuta. Uku kushandiswa kwekugadzirisa kunowedzera kuvimbika kweDNS pasina chero chakaipa pamigumisiro yaro.
Nokuti iyo inowanzobuda IP version 6 yakawanda haina mamiriyoni akaderera pamusoro pehukuru hwemunhu wega datamrams, tinogona kutarisira kuti DNS inouya, munguva yakareba, inowedzera mamwe mavhavhari ekutsigira IPv6.
DNS IP Packets
Nokuti DNS chirongwa chinotsigira kune zvingava mamiriyoni eimwe sevavhareji ye-internet kuwana mavhareti emidzi panguva ipi zvayo, mareta emadziro emidzi anofanira kugoverwa pamusoro pePI zvakanyatsonaka sezvinobvira. Zvakakodzera, dzose idzi idzi dzeIndaneti dzinofanirwa kunge dzakapinda mune imwe bhokisi ( datagram ) kuitira kuti usanyanya kutumira mashoko akawanda pakati pemaseva.
MuIvv4 mune zvakapararira kushandiswa mazuva ano, DNS data iyo inogona kukodzera mukati pepakiti imwe chete yakaderera se 512 bytes mushure mokubvisa zvimwe zvese zvinotsigira ruzivo rwakachengetwa riri mumapakiti. Pepa imwe neimwe ye IPv4 inoda 32 byte. Saizvozvowo, varimi veDNS vakasarudza 13 se nhamba yemaseji e IPv4, vachitora 416 bytes yepakiti uye vachisiya kusvika kusvika 96 nemaoko kune mamwe mashoko ekutsigira uye kushanduka kwekuwedzera kuwedzera mamwe maDNS midzi midzi mune ramangwana kana zvichidikanwa. A
Zvinoshanda DNS Shandisa
Iyo DNS mizu zita remaseva haisi yose inokosha kune inowanikwa mumashandisi emakombiyuta. Nhamba 13 hainawo kumanikidzira mavhavharipu eDNS waunogona kushandisa kumapurisa ako. Zvechokwadi, pane zvakawanda zvepaIndaneti zvinowanikwa pachena kune DNS iyo chero munhu angashandisa kushandura mavhareji eDNS ayo chero ipi zvayo yemashandisi avo anoshandisa.
Semuenzaniso, unogona kuita tablet yako kushandisa Cloudfare DNS server kuitira kuti zvikumbiro zvako zvekutsvaga zvipinde kuburikidza neDNS server pane imwe yakasiyana neGoogle. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kana server yeGoogle iri pasi kana kuti iwe unowana kuti iwe unogona kutarisa webhu nekukurumidza uchishandisa Cloudfare DNS server.