X.25 yaiva yekutengesa protocol yakawanda yekusarudza muma1980
X.25 yaiva yepamusoro yezvinyorwa zvezvirevo zvinoshandiswa pakutaurirana kwepaket-switch pane nzvimbo yakawanda yenzvimbo- WAN . A protocol inobvumirana-pamusoro pegadziriro yemitemo nemitemo. Zvirongwa zviviri zvinotevera mitemo imwechete zvinogona kunzwisisana uye kushandura dhidha.
Nhoroondo ye X.25
X.25 yakagadzirwa mumakore ekuma1970 kutakura izwi pamusoro pematare efoni analogo- dial-up network-uye imwe yekare kare-switch services. Zvimwe zviitiko zve X.25 zvaisanganisira mhepo inoshandiswa mumhepo mitambo uye mitambo yekuongorora kadhi rechikwereti. X.25 yakatsigirawo zvakasiyana-siyana zvemasitemu ekupedzisira uye sevharesi. Muma1980 maitirwo enyika ye X-25 teknolojia apo yaishandiswa nehuwandu hwemashoko ehurumende Compuserve , Tymnet, Telenet, nevamwe. Mumakore ekutanga '90s, akawanda X.25 mamanzura akadzorerwa ne Frame Framework muU.S. Dzimwe hurumende dzekare dzevanhu kunze kweU.S. dzakaramba dzichishandisa X.25 kusvika munguva ichangopfuura. Yakawanda mitambo yakamboda X.25 ikozvino inoshandisa yakaoma yakaoma Internet Protocol. X-25 ichiri kushandiswa mune mamwe ma ATM uye mitambo yekuchengetedza kadhi rechikwereti.
X-25 Urongwa
Chimwe chepukisi X.25 chaiva ne128 data ye data. Iyo X.25 mitambo yakabata musangano wepakiti pajecha rekushandisa, kubhadhara, uye reassembly pane imwe nzvimbo. X.25 mapikiti ekutengeserana kwekombiki yakasanganisira kwete kungoshandura uye kushandiswa kwemagadzirirwo asiwo kukanganisa kukanganisa nekudzoka kwemashoko kunofanira kunge kusakonzera kutadza kunoitika. X.25 yakatsigira kukurukurirana kwakafanana panguva imwechete ne multiplexing mapepa uye kushandisa michina yekukurukurirana.
X-25 yakapa zvikamu zvitatu zvezvirevo zvezvirevo:
- Physical layer
- Dhiyabhorosi link link
- Packet layer
X-25 inotangira OSI Reference Model , asi zvidimbu X-25 zvakafananidza nehutachiona hwemashoko, dhizinesi rekuchengetedzwa kwemashoko uye nhepfenyuro yehutano hwehutano hweOSI .
Nekugamuchirwa kweInternet Protocol (IP) kwakapararira semuenzaniso wemakambani emakambani, X.25 mishandisirwo inotamira kune zvinodhura zvinogadzirishandisa uchishandisa IP se network network protocol uye kutora nzvimbo dzezasi dze X.25 neEthernet kana nehurumende itsva yeATM .