Tsanangudzo & Mienzaniso ye URL
Yakapfupiswa se URL , uniform Resource Locator inzira yekuziva nzvimbo yefaira paIndaneti. Izvo zvatinoshandisa kuzarura kwete webhusaiti chete, asiwo kutora mifananidzo, mavhidhiyo, mapurogiramu e-software, uye mamwe marudzi emafaira akachengetwa pane seva.
Kuzarura faira yemunharaunda pakombiyuta yako kwakajeka sekudzivirirwa kaviri, asi kuti uzarure mafaira pamakombiyuta ari kure , semaseva ewebhu, tinofanira kushandisa URL kuitira kuti web browser yedu ione kuti inotarisa kupi. Somuenzaniso, kuvhura HTML faira inomiririra peji yewebhu yakatsanangurwa pasi apa, inoitwa nekuipinda iyo yebar navigation pamusoro pekushandura kwaunoshandisa.
Uniform Resource Locators inowanzosvibiswa se URL asi ivo vanonziwo webhusaiti pavanotaura maURS anoshandisa HTTP kana HTTPS protocol .
URL inowanzotaurwa nemagwaro ose anotaurwa mumwechete (kureva u-r-l , kwete earl ). Yakanga yakashandiswa kuva chirevo che Universal Resource Locator isati yashandurwa kuva Uniform Resource Locator.
Mienzaniso ye URL
Iwe unogona kunge uchida kupinda mu URL, yakafanana neyiyi yekutsvaga website yeGoogle:
https://www.google.comYese kero inonzi URL. Imwe muenzaniso ndeyebhundaneti (yekutanga) uye yeMicrosoft (yechipiri):
https: // https://www.microsoft.comIwe unogona kutora zvakanakisisa uye unozarura URL yakananga kune chifananidzo, saiyo yakareba iyo inotarisa kuGoogle logo pawebsite ye Wikipedia. Kana iwe ukazarura chibatanidza iwe unogona kuona kuti inotanga ne https: // uye ine URL yakatarisa yakafanana nemuenzaniso uri pamusoro apa, asi zvino ine dzakawanda zvimwe zvinyorwa uye zvinosungirirwa kuitira kukutsanangurira zvakananga faira uye faira apo mufananidzo anogara pane webasaiti resaiti.
Izwi rimwechete rinoshanda kana iwe uri kuwana peji rougin yekutsvaga ; IP address ye router inoshandiswa se URL kuitira kuti uzarure peji yekugadzirisa. Ona iyi NETGEAR Purogiramu yeNyika yeNyika yeNyika yega yega kuti uone zvandinoreva.
Vazhinji vedu tinoziva nemhando idzi dze URL dzatinoshandisa mumusikana webwebhuki seFirefox kana Chrome, asi iyo haisi yega mamiriro ezvinhu aunoda URL.
Mune mienzaniso yose iyi, uri kushandisa protocol yeHTTP kuti uzarure webhusaiti, iyo inogona kunge ndiyo chete inowanzosangana nevanhu, asi kune mamwe maitiro aunogona kushandisawo, saFTP, TELNET , MAILTO, uye RDP. A URL inogona kutotaurira mafaira eunharaunda yako pane dhirairi . Purogiramu yoga yoga inogona kunge yakasarudzwa nemitemo ye syntax kuitira kuti isvike kune imwe nzvimbo.
Maitiro e URL
A URL inogona kuputsika muzvikamu zvakasiyana, chidimbu chimwe nechimwe chinoshumira chinangwa chairo kana uchiwana faira iri kure.
HTTP neFTP URL dzakarongeka zvakafanana, se protocol: // hostname / fileinfo . Somuenzaniso, kupinda muFTP faira neIndaneti kunogona kutarisa chimwe chinhu chakadai:
FTP: //servername/folder/otherfolder/programdetails.docx... iyo, kunze kwekuva neFTP panzvimbo yeHTTP , inoita seimwe ye URL iwe ungasangana kunze uko pawebhu.
Ngatishandise URL inotevera, iyo kuziviswa kwaGoogle kwePUPU kukanganisa , semuenzaniso wekero reHTTP uye kuziva chikamu chimwe nechimwe:
https://security.googleblog.com/2018/01/todays-cpu-vulnerability-what-you-need.html- https ndiyo protocol (kufanana neFTP ndiyo protocol) iyo inotsanangura rudzi rwe server iyo uri kutaurirana nayo.
- kuchengetedzwa ndiro zita reimba rinoshandiswa kuwana iyi webhusaiti.
- googleblog isiti yezita renyika .
- com ndiyo inonzi inzvimbo yepamusoro-level (TDL) , dzimwe dzeyo dzinosanganisira .net, .org, .co.uk, nezvimwe.
- / 2018/01 / inomirira zvinyorwa zvinoshandiswa kugadzirisa webpage kana faira. Pane web server iyo yakabata mafaira ewebsite, idzi dzaizova mahwendefa chaiwo aunofanidza kuburikidza kuti uwane faira iyo iyi URL iri kujekesa.
- nhasis-cpu-kushungurudzika-chii-iwe-inoda.html ndiyo faira chaiyo iyo URL iri kutaridzira. Kana iwe uri kuedza kutakura chifananidzo, faira rehurukuro, kana imwe faira yefaira panzvimbo ye HTML file, ipapo URL inoguma mune iyo faira yezera ( sePNG kana MP3 ).
- security.googleblog.com seboka rinonzi Zita Rakakodzera Zita Rekodzero (FQDN) .
URL Syntax Mitemo
Nhamba chete, tsamba, uye vanhu vanotevera vanobvumirwa mu URL: ()! $ -'_ * +.
Mamwe mavara anofanirwa kuiswa nekodhi (yakashandurwa ku code code) kuitira kuti agamuchirwe mu URL.
Mamwe ma URL ane maparamendi anokamura URL kubva kune zvimwe zvinoshandiswa. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe ukaita Google kutsvaga :
https://www.google.com/search?q=... mubvunzo wekuti iwe unoona urikuudza imwe script, yakagadzirirwa paGoogle seva, kuti iwe unoda kutumira murairo chaiwo kwayo kuitira kuti uwane zvigadziro zvayo.
Nyaya yakanyorwa iyo Google inoshandisa kuita tsvakiridzo inoziva kuti chero chii chinotevera ? Q = chikamu che URL chinofanira kuonekwa seyo nguva yekutsvaga, saka zvose zvinowanikwa panguva iyoyo mu URL zvinoshandiswa kutsvaga paGoogle yekutsvaga injini.
Iwe unogona kuona maitiro akafanana mu URL mune iyi kutsvaga kweYeYvideo yepamakwikidzi mavheti echeki :
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=best +cat +videosCherechedza: Kunyange zvazvo nzvimbo dzisingabvumirwi mu URL, mamwe mawebhusayithi anoshandisa chiratidzo, chaunogona kuona mumifananidzo miviri yeGoogle uye yeYouTube. Vamwe vanoshandisa kodhi yakaenzana nenzvimbo, iyo iri % 20 .
URL dzinoshandura zvinoshandiswa zvakasiyana siyana dzinoshandisa imwe kana mamwe ampersands mushure mokunge mubvunzo wemibvunzo. Unogona kuona muenzaniso pano we Amazon.com kutsvaga Windows 10:
https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss_2?url=search-alias%3Daps&field-keywords=windows+10The variable variable, url , inotangira nemubvunzo chiratidzo asi inotevera inoshandiswa, masikati-keywords , anotangira ne ampersand. Zvimwe zvinoshandiswa zvinogonawo kutungamirirwa ne ampersand.
Zvikamu zve URL ndezvenhau - kunyanya, zvose mushure mezita rezita re (zita rekodzero uye zita refaira). Iwe unogona kuzviona iwe pachako kana iwe uchisimbisa izwi rokuti "zvishandiso" mune muenzaniso URL kubva pawebsite yangu yatakagadziridza pamusoro, zvichiita kuguma kwe URL kuverenga /free-driver-updater-Tools.htm . Edza kuzarura peji iro pano uye unogona kuona kuti harina kukanda nokuti iyo faira chaiyo haipo pane seva.
Mamwe Mashoko pamusoro peZV
Kana URL ikakuudza iwe faira iyo web browser yako inogona kuratidza, sechifananidzo cheJPG , saka iwe haufaniri kutora faira pakombiyuta yako kuitira kuti uione. Zvisinei, nokuda kwefaira dzisina kufanirwa kuratidzwa mudhivhisi, sepa PDF neDOCX mafaira, uye kunyanya mafaira EXE (uye mamwe akawanda mafaira mafaira), iwe uchakurudzirwa kutora faira ku kombiyuta yako kuitira kuti uishandise.
Ma URL anopa nzira iri nyore yokuti isu tive nekero ye IP yevhareji tisingadi kuziva kuti ingiro chaiyo ndeyei. Vakaita sezita-nyore-yekuyeuka mazita emadiresi atinoda. Iyi shanduro inobva ku URL kuenda kuIndaneti ndeye zvinoshandiswa DNS sevhisi .
Dzimwe URL dziri kure uye dzakaoma chaizvo uye dzinoshandiswa zvakanakisisa kana iwe uchichitsinhanisa sechibvumirano kana kukopa / kuisa mubhuro retaiti ye browser. Kukanganisa mu URL kungakonzera kukanganiswa kwekode yeHTTP ye 400-series, iyo yakanyanya kunyanya kuva 404 kukanganisa .
Mumwe muenzaniso unogona kuonekwa pa1and1.com . Kana iwe uchiedza kuwana peji risingawani pane seva yavo (yakafanana iyi), uchawana 404 kukanganisa. Izvozvi mapoka ezvakaipa zvakanyanya zvokuti iwe unowanzowana tsika, kazhinji inoseka, zvinyorwa zvadzo kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzewebhu. Ona yangu 20 Yakanakisisa 404 Mhosva dzeMapepanhau Zvose zvinotaridzika pane zvimwe zvandinoda.
Kana uri nechinetso chekuwana webhusaiti kana yepaIndaneti faira iwe waunofunga kuti inofanira kutakura nguva dzose, ona Maitiro Okutarisana Nenzira Mukuronga kweimwe mazano anobatsira pane zvaunotevera.
Mazhinji URL haadi kuti zita rekufambisa ripiwe. Kuzarura google.com , somuenzaniso, kunogona kuitwa nekutsanangura nhamba yechiteshi pakupedzisira se http://www.google.com:80 asi hazvidiwi. Kana iyo webhusaiti iyo iri kushanda pane chifambiso 8080 panzvimbo, iwe unogona kutora chikwangwani uye upinde peji nenzira iyo.
Nekusavapo, FTP nzvimbo dzinoshandisa chikwata 21, asi vamwe vanogona kunge vakagadzika pachiteshi 22 kana chimwe chinhu chakasiyana. Kana nzvimbo yeFTP isingashandisi chiteshi chemasuo 21, unofanirwa kutsanangura kuti chii chiri kushandisa kuitira kuti usvike sevha zvakanaka. Izwi rimwechete rinoshanda kune chero URL iyo inoshandisa gedhi rakasiyana pane iyo purogiramu inoshandiswa kugona inotora nekusakwana iyo iri kushandisa.