Malicious Software Akave Akangoita Sezvakare Makombiyuta
Purogiramu ine malicious ( malware ) chirongwa chero chekushandisa chinenge chinangwa chakaipa. Kunyange zvazvo mapurogiramu akawanda aunoshandisa, kana kuti akakanda mafaira, iwe hauna zvachose mavharusi, vamwe vane magendas akavanzika anotsvaka kuparadza mafaira, achiba mashoko kubva kwauri, kana kunyange kungokugumbura.
Izvi zvave zvichiitika kwenguva refu. Iko yekombiyuta yekutanga yakanzi Elk Cloner uye yakawanikwa paMac muna 1982. January we2011 yakaona yekutanga PC-based malware yakaita 25 - inonzi Brian. Nekutsanangura, PC yekutanga yekutengeswa (iyo HP 9100A) yakabuda muna 1968.
Zvinyorwa zvekare muna 1900 & # 39; s
Muna 1986, zvirwere zvakawanda zvakawanikwa mumayunivhesiti uye kupararira kwakanyanya kunokonzerwa nekutapukisa diski. Inonzi malware yaisanganisira Brain (1986), Lehigh, Matombo, Jerusarema (1987), honye ye Morris (1988), uye Michelangelo (1991).
Pakazosvika makore makumi mapfumbamwe, mabhizimisi akafananidzwa zvakaenzana, izvo zvaive zvakakosha muzvikamu zvakawanda kune ma virus akawanda. Izvi zvaireva kuti kupararira kwainge kwatamira kune mambure.
Inonzi malware panguva ino inosanganisira DMV, kutanga kweuchapupu hwekufunga macro virusi, muna 1994. Paivawo neA Cap.A muna 1997, iyo yakava ndiyo yekutanga mahara macro virus, uye CIH (aka Chernobyl) muna 1998, chirwere chekutanga chekukuvadza hardware.
Nekupedzisira kwema 90, mavairusi ainge atanga kushanda nevashandisi vekumbawo zvakare, nehuwandu hwemashoko kupararira. Inonzi malware muna 1999 yaisanganisira Melissa, yekutanga yakawanda yehonyosi yehonyosi, uye Kak, yekutanga uye imwe yevadzidzi vashoma vemaily emaily.
21st Century Malware
Pakutanga kwemireniyumu itsva, internet nehurumusi nyoka dzakanga dzichiita zvinyorwa pasi rose.
- May 2000: Chikwereti chekutanga chikamu chekutanga chikwata-chinokurudzira malware
- February 2001: The Anna Kournikova email worm
- March 2001: Magistr, kufanana neCIH isati yasvika, yakagadzirisawo hardware
- Mbudzi 2001: Sircam email mhondi yakakohwa mafaira kubva kuWed Documents folder
- August 2001: Code CodeRed worm
- Nyamavhuvhu 2001: Nimda, web, email, uye network worm.
Sezvo makore gumi achifambira mberi, malware anenge achingova purogiramu yakashandiswa. Munyika yose ya2002 na2003, vashandi vepawebhu vakagumburwa nekunze kwekudzora mapups uye mamwe maJabascript mabhomba.
ShamwariGreetings yakazara mumhomvu inogadziriswa neyemagariro munaOctober 2002 uye SoBig yakatanga kuisa zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvepamu pamakombiyuta akaurayiwa. Phishing nezvimwe zvikwereti zvekadhi rechikwereti zvakabvisawo panguva iyi, pamwe chete neyemhando yevhesi yakanzi Blaster uye Slammer.
- January 2004: An email worm hondo yakavapo pakati pevanyori veMyDoom, Bagle naNetsky. Zvinoshamisa kuti izvi zvakakonzera kuvandudzwa kwekunyorwa kweiyo email nekuwedzerwa kwekugamuchira vana kwekutsvaga kweEndaneti, izvo zvakaguma zvichinyora kuparara kwemahombe e-email.
- November 2005: Kuwana nekuzarurirwa kwemuchina wekushungurudzwa kweStot root kwaita kuti pakupedzisira kuve kwevazukits mumazuva ano ezuva ranhasi malware.
- 2006: Pump & Dump nemari mule basa scams yakabatana nemanhamba ari kuwedzera eNigeria 419 scams, phishing, uye lottery scams muna 2006. Kunyange zvazvo zvisingabvumirane nehutachiona, zvakadai sekuenderera mberi kwechinyorwa chebasa rinokurudzira rinotungamirirwa nenzira internet.
- 2007: Website inokanganisa yakawedzera mugore ra2007 nekuda kwechikamu chikuru pakuwanikwa nekuzarurirwa kwePadack, kitambo chemhosva chinoshandiswa kuburitsa zvinhu kuburikidza newebhu. Kubatana kunosanganisira nzvimbo yeMiami Dolphins site, Tom Hardware, The Sun, MySpace, Bebo, Photobucket, uye TheInternet website.
- Pakupera kwa2007, SQL kujowa kwejojo yakanga yatanga kukura, kushungurudzwa kwevanhu vanoita nzvimbo dzakadai semamwe mazita eWorld Overload uye IKEA.
- January 2008: Panguva ino, vashandisi vewebhu vakashandisa zvibvumirwe zveba FTP uye vakashandura maitiro asina simba ekuvhiringidza IFrames pamakumi ezviuru emawebhusayithi emasita uye pop, mazita anonzi misi mirefu yewebhu.
- Muna June 2008, botnet Asprox yakabatsira maitiro ekugadzirisa SQL kujowa, vachida kuti Walmart seimwe yevanotambudzwa. Kutyisidzira kwakaramba kuripo kwakapararira panguva iyichete apo vashori vakatanga kuparadzanisa makombiyuta akabatwa uye vachiendesa mafaira ekugadzirisa maitiro kune avo vanofarira zvikuru.
- 2009: Mukutanga kwa2009, Gumblar, wekutanga mabhodhoro maviri, akabuda. Gumblar haasi kungosiya chikwata chekamberi pamapikisi ane hutachiona uye yakashandisa iyo kubata zvinyorwa zveFTP, yakashandisa zvikwangwani izvozvo kuti zvivanze mushure mekuchengetedzwa kwewebsite zvakare. Izvi zvakakurumidza kugamuchirwa nevamwe vanorwisa.
- Mugumisiro: webhusaiti yemazuva ano inokanganisa haisati yadzokera kumashure mashomanana emagariro echizinda. Pane kudaro, chimwe chezviuru zvezvikwata zvinokanganisa zvinogona kutamba zvakajeka basa rekushaya malware.
- 2010: Indaneti zvemakombiyuta maitirwo eExxnet worm. Iri shinje rakaipa rinotarisirwa kugadziriswa kwemagetsi ekugadzirisa magetsi kuitira kuti ishandise mitambo pamiganhu yemagetsi yefekitari. Zvakanga zvakashata zvakanyanya zvokuti zvinofungidzirwa kuti ndizvo zvakakonzera kuparadzwa kwemakumi emakumi ezana eIrish erianium enriching centrifuges.
- 2011: Bhiza reTojan rinonzi Microsoft rinonzi ZeroAccess rekushandisa malware pamakombiyuta kuburikidza ne botnets. Inonyanya kuvanzwa kubva ku OS kushandisa rootkits, uye inoparadzirwa ne bitcoin mining tools.
Malware Volume uye Antivirus Vendor Revenues
Izwi rejekiti rinongova chibereko chekugovera uye chinangwa. Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa zvakanakisisa nekutsvaga nhamba yezviwero zvakazivikanwa zvichienderana nenguva iyo yakaitika.
Semuenzaniso, panguva yekupera kwema80s mapurogiramu akaipa akanga ari nyore boot sector uye mafaira epakadzika akaparadzirwa ne floppy disk. Nekugoverwa kuduku uye chinangwa chisina kunyanya kumira, sarudzo dzisina kukodzera dzemallware dzakanyorwa muna 1990 neAV-TEST dzakanyorwa 9 944 chete.
Sezvo makombiyuta ekugamuchirwa kwekombiyuta uye kuwedzerwa kwakapfuurira kuburikidza nehafu yekutanga yemakore 90, kuparadzirwa kwemarware kwakava nyore, saka kuwedzera kwakawedzera. Makore mana chete gare gare, muna 1994, AV-TEST yakashuma kuwedzera kwe 300%, kuisa sarudzo dzakasiyana-siyana dzemarware pa 28 613 (yakabva MD5 ).
Sezvo unyanzvi hwemagetsi huripo, mamwe marudzi e-malware akakwanisa kuwana pasi. Zvirwere zveMacro zvakashandisa michina yeMicrosoft Office hazvina kungogadziriswa zvakanyanya kuburikidza ne email, ivo vakawana kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kuburikidza nekuwedzerwa kwekugamuchira ma email. Muna 1999, AV-TEST yakanyorwa 98,428 yega malware samples, iyo yaiva 344% bump kubva makore mashanu apfuura.
Sezvo shanduro yebroadband yakagadziriswa yakawedzera, minye yakava yakawanda. Kuparadzirwa kwakakurumidza kuwedzerwa nekuwedzerwa kushandiswa kwewebhu uye kubvumidzwa kwezvinonzi teknolojia yeWeb 2.0 , iyo yakasimudzira nzvimbo yakanakisisa yemarware. Muna 2005, 333 425 sarudzo dzakasiyana-siyana dze malware dzakanyorwa neAV-TEST. Ndiyo 338% kupfuura 1999.
Kuwedzera kuzivikanwa mumatokisi akashandiswa webhutaneti kwakabatisa kuputika kwewebhu-yakagadzirirwa malware munzvimbo yose yekupedzisira yemakore ane chiuru chemireniyamu. Muna 2006, gore reMPACK rakawanikwa, AV-TEST yakanyorwa 972 606 sarudzo dzakasiyana-siyana dze malware, iyo 291% yakakwirira kudarika makore manomwe apfuura.
Sokudzivirira SQL injection uye mamwe maitiro e-mass webhusaiti yakavhiringidza kuwedzera kukwaniswa muna 2007, yakawanda yemarware yakagadzira kushamisa kwayo, uye 5,490 960 samples yakasiyana yakanyorwa neAV-TEST mugore iroro. Ndiko kuwedzera kukwana 564% mugore rimwechete chete.
Kubva muna 2007, nhamba yeiyo yega malware yakaenderera mberi kukura kwekuwedzera, kupetwa kaviri kana kupfuura gore negore kubvira. Pari zvino, vatengesi vanofungidzirwa nezvemashandisi matsva e-malware vanobva kubva ku 30k kusvika kupfuura 50k pazuva. Isa imwe nzira, iyo ikozvino mwedzi yevhesi yemasikiramu matsva e-malware akawandisa kupfuura yehuwandu hwemaware ese kubva muna 2006 nemakore apfuura.
Antivirus / Security Revenue
Munguva ye "sneakernet" nguva munguva yekupera kwema80s uye yekutanga kwema90s, maitiro antivirus mutengesi wemari akanga ari pamwe chete pasi pe $ 1B USD. Pakazosvika 2000, mari yehutachiona yakawedzera kusvika kune $ 1.5B.
- 2001 - $ 1.8
- 2002 - $ 2.06B
- 2003 - $ 2.7B
- 2004 - $ 3.5B
- 2005 - $ 7.4B
- 2006 - $ 8.6B
- 2007- $ 11.3B
- 2008 - $ 13.5B
- 2009 $ 14.8B
- 2010 - $ 16.5B
Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vangave vachitaura kune antivirus inowedzera uye kuchengetedza vatengesi vemari se "uchapupu" hwekuti antivirus vatengesi vanobatsirwa kubva (uye nokudaro vanoita) malware, masvomhu pachayo haatauri rondedzero iyi yerangano.
Muna 2007, somuenzaniso, mari yevantivirus yakakwira ne 131% asi mamiriyoni emadhora akawedzera 564% gore iroro. Uyezve, kuwedzera kwemishonga inorwisa antivirusi inokonzerwa nemakambani matsva uye kuwedzera hutaneti, sekuchengetedza midziyo nemakore-based based security.