Nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekushandisa makombiyuta matsva ekuchengetedza dhaka dzakabuda mumakore achangopfuura. Imwe nzira yakakurumbira, Network Attached Storage (NAS), inobvumira dzimba nemabhizimisi kuchengetedza nekuwana yakawanda dheta zvakanyanya kudhura kupfuura kare.
Background
Nhoroondo yekuti, floppy drives yakave yakashandiswa zvakanyanya kugovana deta mafaira, asi nhasi kuchengetedza zvinodiwa kwemuwandu wevanhu zvakanyanya kudarika simba rezviputi. Mabhizimisi iye zvino anoramba nhamba yakawanda yakawanda yemagwaro ehuponi uye mharidzo inosanganisira mavhidhiyo evhidhiyo. Vashandi vemakombiyuta epamba, nekusvika kwema MP3 music files uye JPEG mifananidzo yakatsvaga kubva pamifananidzo, inodawo kukura nekuwedzerwa kwakanyanya.
Central server servers vanoshandisa zvidzidzo zvekambani / server sekutengesa mitambo yekugadzirisa matambudziko aya ekuchengetedza dambudziko. Nenzira yaro iri nyore, faira yefaira ine ma PC kana hardware yemashandi inoshandisa network network system (NOS) iyo inotsigira kutarisa faira kugovana (yakadai saNovell NetWare, UNIX® kana Microsoft Windows). Dhiyabhorosi yakaoma inowanikwa muvhavha inopa gigabytes yedenga pa disk, uye mhando dzematepi dzakabatanidzwa kumaseva aya dzinogona kuwedzera iyo simba rinowedzera.
Purogiramu dzepafaira dzinozvirumbidza nhoroondo yakareba yekubudirira, asi misha yakawanda, mapoka emagariro nemabhizimisi maduku haagoni kupa mhosva yekutsvaga kombiyuta yakazara-chinangwa kuti zvive nyore nyore kuchengetedza dhiyabasa. Pinda NAS.
Chii Chinonzi NAS?
NAS inopesana nemasikirwo emapurogiramu emapuraneti ekugadzira nekugadzira hurongwa hwakagadzirirwa zvakanakira kuchengetedza deta Panzvimbo pokutanga nekombiyuta-chinangwa-chinangwa nekugadzirisa kana kubvisa zvinhu kubva pachigadziro ichocho, NAS yakaronga inotanga nemasina-mapfupa zvinhu zvakakosha kutsigira mafaira ekufambisa uye kuwedzera zvinhu "kubva pasi kumusoro."
Kufanana nemasereji emafaira, NAS inotevera muchengeti / sevha design. Imwe chipfeti chekushandisa, iyo inowanzonzi NAS bhokisi kana kuti NAS musoro , inoshanda sechinyakare pakati peNAS uye nhare dzevatengi. Aya madivayiri eNAS anoda kusarudzwa, keyboard kana mouse. Vanowanzoshandisa purogiramu yakashandiswa yakashandurwa panzvimbo peNOS yakazara. Rimwe kana kupfuura disk (uye zvichida tepi) zvinotya zvinogona kuiswa kune dzimwe nzira dzeNAS kuti dziwedzere huwandu hune simba. Vatengi vanowanzobatana ne musoro weNAS, zvisinei, panzvimbo pekushandisa zviyero zvekuchengetedza.
Vatengi vanowanzowana NAS pamusoro pekubatana kweEthernet . Iyo NAS inowanikwa pamatareti se "node" imwechete iyo iyo IP kero yemutambo mukuru.
A NAS inogona kuchengeta chero dhiyabhorosi iyo inowanikwa nenzira yefaira, dzakadai semamabhokisi mabhokisi, Web content, ma-backups ari kure, nezvimwe zvakadaro. Pasi pose, kushandiswa kweNAS kwakafanana neyemasipiresi emafaira.
NAS maitiro anoedza kuita basa rakavimbika uye nyore kutungamirirwa. Vanowanzobatanidza akavakwa-muzvinhu zvakadai se disk space quotas, kuvimbiswa kwakachengeteka, kana kutumirwa kwekutumirwa kwemasayeri e-email kana kukanganisa kuonekwa.
NAS Mitemo
Kukurukurirana nemusoro weNAS kunoitika pane TCP / IP. Kunyanya zvakanyanya, vatengi vanoshandisa chero humwe hutano hwepamusoro-soro ( kushandiswa kana kuisa zvirongwa zvinomwe mumutambo weOSI ) wakavakirwa pamusoro peTCP / IP.
Izvo zvirevo zviviri zvekushandiswa zvinowanzobatanidzwa neNAS ndeye Sun Network File System (NFS) uye Common Internet File System (CIFS). Zvose zviviri NFS neCIFS zvinoshanda muchengeti / server sefashoni. Zvose zviri mberi kweNAS yemazuva ano nemakore mazhinji; Basa rekutanga pamitemo iyi rakaitika muma1980.
NFS yakagadziridzwa pakutanga yekugovana mafaira pakati penheyo dzeUNIX kudarika LAN . Kutsigira kweNFS kwakakurumidza kuwedzerwa kunosanganisira kusina UNIX systems; zvisinei, vakawanda veNFS vatengesi nhasi makombiyuta vari kuita zvimwe zvinovhiringidza zveUNIX system.
ICIFS yaimbozivikanwa seSeva Message Block (SMB). SMB yakagadzirwa neBM neMicrosoft kutsigira faira kugoverana muDOS. Sezvo protocol yakava yakashandiswa zvikuru muWindows, zita rakashandurwa kuva CIFS. Iyi iyo protocol inooneka nhasi muUNIX systems sechikamu cheSamba package.
Nzira dzakawanda dzeNAS dzinotsigirawo Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Vatengi vanogona kutora mafaira muWeb browser yavo kubva kuNAS inotsigira HTTP. NAS maitiro anowanzoshandisa HTTP senzira yekutambira yeWeb-based administrative user interfaces.