Dhidhiyo yemhepo inzvimbo yezvigadzirwa zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kwauri kushandisa kombiyuta yako. Izvo zvikamu zvezvinzvimbo zvepakombiyuta zvinosanganisira zvimwe kana zvimwe zvose zvinotevera:
- Window manager
- Panels
- Menus
- Widgets
- File Manager
- Browser
- Office Suite
- Text Editor
- Terminal
- Display Manager
Mutariri wewindo anotora maitiro ekushandiswa kwemawindo. Pane mapepa anowanzoonekwa pamiganhu kana muhwindo uye ane tray system, menyu, uye zviratidzo zvekudzidzira nokukurumidza.
Zvikwereti zvinoshandiswa kuratidza ruzivo rwakakosha sakafanana nemamiriro okunze, nhepfenyuro dzemashoko kana ruzivo rwehurongwa.
Iyo maneja wefaira inokubvumira kuti uende kuburikidza nemafolda pane kombiyuta yako. A browser anoshandisa iwe kutarisa internet.
Ihofisi inoita kuti iwe ugadzire magwaro, mahwendefa, uye mharidzo. A text editor inokubvumira kuti ugadzire mafaira emafaira ari nyore uye sarudza mafaira ekugadzirisa. The terminal inopa ruzivo rwemashoko emutambo wemirairo uye maneja wekuratidzira anoshandiswa pakupinda mumakombiyuta yako.
Iri gwaro rinopa mazita ezvinyorwa zvinowanzoshandiswa pakombiyuta.
01 yegumi
Cinnamon
The Cinnamon desktop desktop ndiyo yemazuva ano uye inofadza. Izvo zvinoshandiswa zvichave zvakajairika kuvanhu vakashandisa chero shanduro ye Windows pamberi pevhesi 8.
Cinnamon isipo desktop desktop ye Linux Mint uye ndeimwe yezvikonzero zvikonzero nei Mint yakakurumbira.
Kune rimwe divi rimwe chete pasi uye mhando yemasikirwo nemashizha ekutanga ekutanga uye system tray muzasi kwekona yekona.
Kune mararamiro ezvitsva zvebhokisi zvinogona kushandiswa uye pakombiyuta yakave nezvakawanda zvekuonekwa.
Cinnamon inogona kugadzirwa uye yakagadzirwa kuti ishande nenzira yaunoda nayo . Iwe unogona kuchinja mapepa, kuwedzera uye kuisa mapaneti, kuwedzera applets kune mapurisa, Desklets inogonawo kuwedzerwa kudesktop iyo inopa nhau, mamiriro okunze uye mamwe mashoko makuru.
Kuyeuka Kushandura:
Panenge 175 megabytes
Pros:
- Instant unozivikanwa kune ani zvake akashandisa Windows.
- Zvinotarisa zvikuru
- Zvizhinji zvezvinhu
- Mazana madhara madhara
- Keyboard shortcuts
- Inogona kuenzaniswa
Cons:
- Inoshandisa yakawanda yekuyeuka kana ichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvinyorwa
- Hakusi zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoshandiswa sezvinongoita mamwe madhinda
02 yegumi
Kubatana
Kubatana ndiyo yakashata desktop environment ye Ubuntu. Inopa kutarisa kwemazuva ano uye kunzwa, kugovera nemitambo yakatarisa uye pane kupa bhari ine zviratidzo zvekudzidzira nokukurumidza uye chiratidziro chemavara chekutsvaga maitiro, mafaira, media, uye mafoto.
Mutambi wacho anopa kuwanikwa kwechinguva kune zvaunofarira. Simba chaiyo reUbuntu ndiro dash pamwe nekutsvaga kwayo kwakasimba uye kufuta.
Kubatana kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekibhokisi dzinoita kuti kufamba kwetsika kunoshamisa zvikuru.
Mifananidzo, mimhanzi, mavhidhiyo, maitiro, uye faira yose inobatanidza zvakananga kuDash kukuchengetedza dambudziko rekuvhura mapurogiramu ega ega ekuona uye kutamba mhizha.
Iwe unogona kuisa Unity kune imwe nzvimbo kunyange zvazvo isina kufanana neCinnamon, XFCE, LXDE, uye Chiedza. Kunyanya ikozvino kunyange iwe unogona kutamisa mutambi kana iwe uchida kuita saizvozvo.
Sezvo neCinnamon, Kubatana kwakakosha kumakombiyuta emazuva ano.
Kuyeuka Kushandura:
Inenge 300 megabytes
Pros:
- Mazuva ano
- Inobatanidza mapurogiramu mukati memashandireji akadai sekuteerera, mapikicha uye mavhidhiyo
- Mafuro emakwikwi ebhokisi
- Tsvakurudzo huru yekutsvaga uye kufuta
Cons:
- Kuyeuka kwepamusoro kushandiswa
- Yakasimba zvakasimba uye isina kunyatsogadzirisa
03 wegumi
GNOME
Iyo GNOME desktop mazingira yakafanana neUnited desktop environment.
Mhedzisiro huru ndeyokuti dhidhiyo nekutadza inenge iine jeri rimwe chete. Kuunza GNOME dashbhodhi unoda kudzvinyirira kona huru pane keyboard iyo pamakombiyuta akawanda anoratidza Windows logo.
GNOME ine gadziriro yezvidzidzo zvinovakwa sechikamu chayo asi kune nhamba yakawanda yezvimwe zvikumbiro zvakanyorwa zvakananga kune GTK3.
Maitiro makuru anotevera:
- Graphical shell
- Control Center (bit like Windows control panel)
- Tweak tool (pakusarudza GNOME)
- Taura
- Vatengi
- IRC
- Files
- Documents
- Mifananidzo
- Music
- Vhidhiyo
- Kuchinja
- Mabhokisi (mishonga chaiyo)
- Credentials
- Disk Utility
- Disk Usage Analyzer
- Software (pakareja maneja)
- Clock
- Mepu
- Weather
- Webhu (Web browser)
- Calculator
- Calendar
- Duramazwi
- Notes
- Gitg (kumabvazuva kweGIT)
- Gedit (text editor)
Sezvo neUkubatana GNOME haisi kukwanisa kuenzaniswa asi huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvinobatsira hunoita hukuru hwehutachiona ruzivo.
Pane mitsara yezvitsvaga zvishoma zvishoma zvinogona kushandiswa kufamba nenzira.
Mukuru kune makombiyuta emazuva ano
Kuyeuka Kushandura:
Kunenge 250 megabytes
Pros:
- Mazuva ano
- Une nhamba yakawanda yezvidzidzo zvepamusoro uye chikwata chekugadzira chinoita kuti zvive nyore kune vakugadziri kuti vape zvikwereti zvakanaka
- Mafuro emakwikwi ebhokisi
- Tsvakurudzo huru yekutsvaga uye kufuta
Cons:
- Kuyeuka kwepamusoro kushandiswa
- Yakasimba zvakasimba uye isina kunyatsogadzirisa
04 yegumi
KDE Plasma
Kune yega yega kune yang uye KDE inonyanya ye yang kuGNOME.
KDE Plasma inopa desktop yakafanana yakafanana neCinnamon asi ine zvishoma zvishoma mukufungidzira kweMabasa.
Kazhinji inotevera inotevera nzira yepamutemo yakawanda ine rimwe jira riri pasi, menus, mabheji ekudzidzira nokukurumidza uye zviratidzo zvetray system.
Iwe unogona kuwedzera widgets kudesktop kuitira kupa ruzivo rwakadai semashoko uye mamiriro okunze.
KDE inouya nemhando yakawanda yezvikwereti nekutadza. Pane zvakawanda zvakawandisa kutarisa pano saka pano pane mamwe mazano anokosha
- Akonadi - Mutungamiri weBhuku reMunhu
- Areka - Kunyanya kushandiswa
- Dolphin - Faira maneja
- Gwenview - Image viewer
- KAccounts - Accounts
- kCalc - Calculator
- Kdenlive - Video editor
- Kontact - Bata mutungamiri
- kMail - Mail
- Akregator - RSS reader
- Kopete - Instant Messenger
- Kate - Text editor
- Konqueror - Web browser
Maonero uye manzwiro e KDE applications zvose zvakangofanana uye vose vane zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvinhu uye zvinonyanya kushandiswa.
KDE yakakura kumakombiyuta emazuva ano.
Kuyeuka Kushandura:
Inenge 300 megabytes
Pros:
- Rinotaridzika pakarepo kune vanhu vanoshandiswa kuWindows operating systems
- Inopa sarudzo yakawanda yezvidzidzo zvinoshandiswa kusanganisira web browsers uye mail maklayi
- Mahotera akawanda
- Inogona kunge yakagadzirwa zvikuru
Cons:
- Kuyeuka kwepamusoro kushandiswa
05 of 10
XFCE
XFCE inoratidzikisa madhigiriji emamiriro ezvinhu ayo anotaridzika zvakanaka kumakombiyuta akare uye makombiyuta emazuva ano.
Chikamu chakanakisisa pamusoro pe XFCE ndechekuti inonyanya kushandiswa. Zvechokwadi zvinhu zvose zvinogona kugadziriswa kuitira kuti zvitarise uye inonzwa nenzira yaunoda nayo.
Nokutadza, kune rimwe jenesi rine menyu uye mashizha ematayiri ehurongwa asi iwe unogona kuwedzera docker style panels kana kuisa mamwe mapeji kumusoro, pasi kana mapande echokuvhara.
Pane huwandu hwemajenya anokwanisa kuwedzerwa pane mapeji.
XFCE inouya neine window manager, desktop manager, Thunar file maneja, Midori web browser, Xfburn DVD burner, mufananidzo wemufananidzo, mutariri wekupedzisira uye kalendari.
Kuyeuka Kushandura:
Munenge ma100 megabytes
Pros:
- Zvisinganzwisisiki zvakaenzaniswa nemamiriro akawanda edesktop
- Zvose zvinogona kugadzirwa
- Zvizhinji zvemajaya akanaka
Cons:
- Nokutarisa inotarisa rekare kuenzaniswa nedzimwe madheksi (kunyange zvingave zvakagadzirwa kuti zvioneke zvakanaka)
- Haisi maitiro akawanda akadai seGNOME kana KDE
06 of 10
LXDE
Dhidhiyo yemirasi yeLXDE yakanaka kune makombiyuta akare.
Sezvo neXFCE desktop environment, inonyanya kugadziriswa nekwanisi yekuwedzera mapapiro mune chero nzvimbo uye inoita kuti vaite sezvikwata.
Izvo zvinotevera zvinoumba nzvimbo yeLXDE yedhidhiyo:
- PCManFM - File Manager
- Panels
- Mutungamiri weSession
- Musoro Chishanduri
- Window Manager
- GPicView Image Viewer
- Leafpad Text Editor
Iyi pakombiyuta inonyanya kukosha mumamiriro ayo uye saka yakakurudzirwa zvakawanda kune yakwegura hardware. Nokuti itsva hardware XFCE ingadai iri yakanakisisa sarudzo.
Kuyeuka Kushandura:
Kunenge 85 megabytes
Pros:
- Yakareruka uye yakakura kune yakwegura uye yakadzika makombiyuta
- Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogadziriswa
Cons:
- Inoona yekare (kunyange ingaita kuti itarise zviri nani)
- Menyu yehutano haisi yakanaka sezvinoitwa yeWhisker menu iyo chikamu cheXFCE
- Haasi maitiro akawanda asina kushandiswa uye aya anowanikwa haasi akaenzana neakasiyana nedzimwe nzvimbo dzepakombiyuta
07 pa10
MATE
MATE anotarisa uye anoita seGNOME desktop environment pamberi pevhesi 3
Zvakanaka kune hardware yakwegura uye yemazuva ano uye ine mapepa nemamina mune zvakawanda zvakafanana neXFCE.
MATE inopiwa seimwe nzira yeCinnamon sechikamu cheLinux Mint distribution.
MATEI desktop desktop inonyanya kukwanisika uye iwe unogona kuwedzera pane mapepa, shandura desktop desktop uye kazhinji kuita kuti ione uye iite nenzira yaunoda nayo.
Izvo zvikamu zveMATE desktop zvinotevera:
- Caja - Meneja weFaira
- Pluma - Text Editor
- Atril - Document Viewer
- Engrampa - Archive Manager
- MATE terminal - Terminal Manager
- Marco - Meneja Wemenje
- Mozo - Menu Item Editor
Kuyeuka Kushandura:
Panenge 125 megabytes
Pros:
- Iyo yakanaka pakati pebasa rekodzero yemamiriro ezvinhu maererano nemashandisiro ekuyeuka
- Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogadziriswa
- Chigadzirwa chekugadzirisa chinowanikwa kune vateereri kuti vanyore zvikwereti zvakanaka
- Une nhoroondo yakasimba sezvo yakabva kune yekare GNOME 2
Cons:
- Haisi kutarisa sezvakanaka semasikirini emazuva ano akadai seCinnamon
- Kwete sechiremerera seCXFCE kana LXDE
08 yegumi
Chiedza
Chiedza ndechimwe chezvinyorwa zvekare kudengesa uye zvakanyanya kwazvo.
Zvechokwadi chikamu chimwe nechimwe cheChiedza chekudenga chekudenga chinogona kugadziriswa uye kune zvipo zvezvose zvacho zvinoreva kuti iwe unogona kuita kuti zviite kuti iwe unoda sei.
Iyi ihurukuro yedhizimusi yemhepo inoshandiswa kushandiswa pamakombiyuta akare uye ndeyekufunga pamusoro peLXDE.
Desktops Virtual inonyanya kuzivikanwa sechikamu cheKujekesa desktop uye iwe unogona nyore nyore kugadzira girasi huru yevashandi.
Chiedza hachiuye nezvizhinji zvekushandura zvisizvo sezvazvakatanga semafanisi ewindo.
Kuyeuka Kushandura:
Kunenge 85 megabytes
Pros:
- Zvishoma zvishoma. Makuru kumakombiyuta akwegura uye akaderera pasi
- Zvose zvinogona kugadzirwa
Cons:
- Zvizhinji zvezvinhu zvacho hazvina kunyorwa zvinyorwa kunyanya kana zvichisvika pakusarudza pakombiyuta
- Inoona ekare uye yakanyorwa
- Unogona kunzwa zvishoma kana uchienzaniswa nedzimwe madheksi
09 yegumi
Pantheon
The Pantheon Desktop Environment yakagadzirwa nokuda kweElementary OS project.
Izwi rokuti pixel rakakwana rinokonzera mupfungwa pandinofunga nezvePenheon. Zvinhu zvose muElementary zvakagadzirirwa kutarisa zvikuru uye saka Pantheon desktop inotarisa uye inoita zvakanaka.
Pane pane mapurisa kumusoro uye zviratidzo zvetray system nemenyu.
Pasi pane panhotera yepaji yepaji yekutengesa zvidzidzo zvako zvaunoda.
Menyu inotaridzika inoshamisa.
Kana pakombiyuta nzvimbo dzakagadzirwa basa rekugadzira ipapo Pantheon yaizove inyanzvi.
Kushanda-huchenjeri hahuna zvinhu zvinogadziriswa zve XFCE uye Chiedza uye haina maitiro anowanikwa neGNOME kana KDE asi kana ruzivo rwekodhidhi yako chiri kungotanga kushanda semushanduri webhubhu saka izvi zvinotofanira kushandiswa.
Kuyeuka Kushandura:
Inenge 120 megabytes
Pros:
- Chinononoka asi chichitaridzika zvakanaka
- Smooth animations
Cons:
- Haisi kunyatsogadziriswa kupfuura zvinyorwa
10 pa10
Utatu
Utatu iforikisi ye KDE pamberi KDE yakapinda mune imwe nzira. Izvo zvinoshamisa zvisinganzwisisiki.
Utatu inouya nehuwandu hwezvishandiso zvinosanganiswa ne KDE pasinei nemakore akare kana akafukidzirwa mazviri.
Utatu hwakakosha zvikuru uye mirairo ye XPQ4 yakagadzira matanho akawanda anoita kuti Utatu ione seWindows XP, Vista uye Windows 7.
Yakanaka kune makombiyuta akwegura.
Kuyeuka Kushandura:
Kunenge 130 megabytes
Pros:
- Zvishoma
- Inopa maitiro akajairika uye manzwiro evashandisi veWindows
Cons:
- Inotarisa zvikuru
- Hapana zviitiko zvemazuva ano zvakadai semahwindo asina kunaka
Kana kuti, Ita Yenyu Yemahofisi Pakombiyuta
Kana iwe usingafadzi mamiriro ese edeskodha anowanikwa iwe unogona kugara uine wako.
Iwe unogona kuumba yako pakombiyuta zvisikwa nekubatanidza chisarudzo chako chemeja wewindo, davi redesktop, terminal, menu system, panels uye mamwe maitiro.