IPv6 / IPng Explained
IPv6 is a new and improved version of the IP protocol. Muchikamu chino, iwe uchadzidza kuti IP ndechei, chii chayo chiripo, uye kuti izvi zvakaita sei pakasikwa IPv6. Panewo tsanangudzo pfupi ye IPv6.
I IP Protocol
IP (Internet Protocol) ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvigadzirwa zvemasetere, kusanganisira Indaneti. Icho chinokonzera kugadzirisa mishoni imwe neimwe pane network kuburikidza nekero yakasiyana ( IP address ) uye kuendesa dhaka mapetetsi kubva pane zvinyorwa kuenda kumichina yavo yekuenda kuburikidza nekutaura. Iko chaiyo yeiyo IP protocol inoshandiswa ndeye IPv4 (IP version 4).
Zvinokonzerwa nePv4
Chimiro chepanhasi re IP (IPv4) kero nhamba ina dziri pakati pe 0 ne525, imwe neimwe yakaparadzana ne dot. Muenzaniso ndewe 192.168.66.1; sezvo nhamba imwe neimwe inomiririrwa mubhinari nemashoko 8-bit, IPv4 address inoumbwa ne 32 mabhinari mazita (bits). Nhamba yepamusoro yaunogona kuita ne 32 bits ndeye 4.3 bhiriyoni (2 yakasimudzwa kune simba 32).
Mushini mumwe nomumwe paInternet unofanira kuva nekombiki yeIndaneti yakasiyana-siyana - hapana mairi maviri anogona kuva nekero imwechete. Izvi zvinoreva kuti Indaneti inogona kunyanya kubata mamiriyoni 4.3 mabhiriyoni, iyo yakawanda kwazvo. Asi mumazuva ekutanga eP, nekuda kwekushaiwa kwemaonero uye zvimwe zvebhizimisi flair, dzakawanda dze IP dzakaderedzwa. Vakatengeswa kumakambani, ayo anovashandura. Havagoni kudzingwa zvakare. Zvimwe zvekare zvakarongedzwa kune zvinangwa kunze kwekushandiswa kwevanhu, sekutsvakurudza, kushandiswa kwekambaniki-shandu. Nhamba dzekutsvaga dziri kuderera uye, tichifunga nezvehuwandu hwemakombiyuta emashandisi, masimba uye mamwe majaira anowanikwa paInternet, tichakurumidza kuronga kunze kwePI kero!
Verenga zvakawanda: Internet Protocol , IP Addresses , Packet , IP Routing
Pinda IPv6
Izvi zvakaita kuti kuve nekushandurwa kweshanduro itsva ye IP inonzi IPv6 (IP version 6), inonziwo IPng (IP itsva generation). Iwe uchabvunza kuti chii chakaitika kune chinyorwa 5. Zvakanaka, chakagadziridzwa, asi chakasara mune dongo rekutsvakurudza. IPv6 ishanduro iyo yakagadzirira kuendeswa pamusoro peInternet yose uye inogamuchirwa nevanhu vose (uye chero zvisikwa) vachishandisa Indaneti uye mitambo. IPv6 inounza matanho akawanda, kunyanya muwanda yemichina inogona kugadziriswa paInternet.
IPv6 Described
An IPv6 kero inosvika 128 bits, saka ichibvumira nhamba yezvinyorwa zvemichina. Izvi zvakaenzana nekukosha kwe 2 kwakasimudzwa kune simba re 128, nhamba inenge inenge 40 inotevera zeros.
Iwe unofanirwa kunge uchiri kufunga nezvekukanganisa kwemaawa akawanda. Izvi zvakataurirwawo zvakare - IPv6 kero ine mitemo yekuvamanikidza. Chokutanga, nhamba idzi dzinomiririrwa mune hexadecimal panzvimbo yemadhora ekupedzisira. Nhamba dzakatemesa nhamba kubva ku 0 kusvika ku 9. Nhamba dzeHexadecimal dzinokonzerwa nekubatanidzwa kwezvikwereti mu 4, zvichipa vanhu vanotevera: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C , D, E, F. An IPv6 kero yakagadzirwa nemunhu uyu. Sezvo bits iri yakagadzirwa muna 4, uye IPv6 kero ichava nemhando 32. Yakareba, he? Zvakanaka, izvo hazvisi zvakakomba, kunyanya sezvo pane magungano anobatsira kuderedza kureba kwe IPv6 kero nekunyora mavara ekudzokorora, semuenzaniso.
Muenzaniso we IPV6 address is fe80 :: 240: d0ff: fe48: 4672 . Uyu unongova nemhando 19 chete - pane kuve nokugadzirisa, chimwe chinhu chinopfuurira mberi kwehuwandu hwechinyorwa ichi. Cherechedza kuti muparadzanisi achinje kubva padhesi kusvika kumakoroni.
IPv6 haisi kungogadzirisa dambudziko rekuderedza kero, asi rinounzawo dzimwe shanduko ye IP protocol, kufanana nekuzvidzivirira pa routers nekuvandudza kuchengeteka, pakati pevamwe.
Kuchinja Kubva IPv4 kusvika IPv6
Zuva iro IPv4 risingazogoni kuve rakabudirira iri kuuya, uye iyezvino kuti IPv6 iri pedo, chinetso chikuru ndechekuita kuchinja kubva IPv4 kusvika IPv6. Fungidzira uchivandudza bhitumini yemugwagwa uri pasi pemotokari yakaoma. Kune hurukuro dzakawanda, mabhuku uye basa rekutsvakurudza rinoenderera mberi uye tinotarisira kuti kana nguva yasvika, shanduko ichashanda zvakanaka.
Ndiani Anoita PaIndaneti?
Uyu mubvunzo vanhu vazhinji vanocherechedza, sezvo zvose zvinotorwa pasina. Ndiani anovandudza mitemo yakadai sePv6 uye izvi zvose zvinotariswa sei?
Sangano rinotungamirira kukurudzirwa kwemitemo uye mamwe maInternet technologies inonzi IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). Inoumbwa nenhengo dzepasi rose dzinosangana mumasangano akawanda kakawanda pagore kuti dzikurukure magetsi, kubva kupi matsva emichina kana zvinyorwa zvinotangira. Kana rimwe zuva iwe unotanga imwe keseti yekombiyuta, iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yaunofanira kuenda.
Sangano rinodzora kugoverwa nekugoverwa kwekero nemazita (semazita edzimbairi) paInternet inonzi ICANN.