Makombiyuta mapurogiramu anonyangadza software maitiro ekugadzirwa kuparadzirwa nemakombiyuta. Makombiyuta mapiritsi ndeimwe nzira yevirware pamwe chete nemavirusi uye trojans .
Iyo Computer Worms Inoshanda Sei?
Munhu anowanzoisa mhonye nokusazarura kusungirirwa kwe email kana mharidzo ine zvinyorwa zvinogadzirisa. Imwe yakagadzirirwa pamakombiyuta, honye zvinowanzoita mimwe mimwe mamiririri e-mail ane makopi ehonye. Vanogonawo kuzarura TCP ports kuti vagadzire mitambo yekuchengetedza mabheji kune mamwe maitiro, uye vanogona kuedza kuwedzera LAN nekunyangadza kukanganisa kwebasa (DoS) data transmissions.
Nzvimbo dzeIndaneti Dzinokurumbira
Nyeredzi yaMorris yakaonekwa muna 1988 apo mudzidzi ainzi Robert Morris akasika honye uye akaisunungura paInternet kubva kwunivhesiti yeyunivhesiti. Kunyange zvazvo pakutanga zvisingakuvadzi, honye yacho yakakurumidza kuparadzanisa makopi ayo pachawo kumaseva eIndaneti emusi iwoyo (kutanga kweWebsite Wese ), pakupedzisira achiita kuti varege kushanda nemhaka yekupera kwezvinhu.
Izvo zvakanzwisisika zvinokonzerwa nekurwisa uku zvakakurukurwa zvikuru nekuda kwekombiyuta mhondi kuva nhaurwa yeruzivo kuvanhu vose. Mushure mokunge varangwa zvakajeka nemutemo weUnited States, Robert Morris akazopedzisira avaka basa rake ndokuva purofesa pachikoro chimwechete (MIT) kubva kwaakatangira kurwisa.
Code Red yakaonekwa muna 2001. Yakapindira mazana ezviuru zvehurongwa paInternet iyo inoshandisa Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) seSeva yeWebhu, ichichinja mapeji avo emisha kusinganzwisisiki kumutsara unonyadzisa
MHORO! Kugamuchirwa ku http://www.worm.com! Hacked By Chinese!
Iyi honye yakatumidzwa zita rekunyanya kunyorerwa.
Nyeredzi yeNimda (inonzi inoshandura mabhii ezwi rokuti "admin") yakaonekwawo muna 2001. Yakatakura maWindows makombiyuta anogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza neIndaneti, yakakonzerwa nokuzarura mamwe maeyili kana maWebhu, uye zvakakonzera kushungurudzika kupfuura Code Red pakutanga kuti gore.
Stuxnet yakarwisa zvivako zvenyukireya mukati meIrani, inotarisa matongerwo ehurongwa ehurumende ari kushandiswa mumashandisirwo ayo emabhizimisi kwete panzvimbo dzepaIndaneti dzakawanda. Yakagadzirirwa mune zvitsva zvenyika dzepasi pose uye dzepachivande, teknolojia yeStuxnet inoratidzika zvikuru yakanyanyisa asi zvese zvakakwana zvisingambogadziriswa zvizere.
Kuchengetedza Mavhinga
Kuiswa mukati mukati mezuva rese network software, makombiyuta anotora nyore nyore kupinda mumagetsi ekudzivirira moto uye dzimwe nzira dzekuchengetedza mitambo. Antivirus software inoshandiswa kuedza kurwisa minye pamwe chete nemavirusi; kumhanya iyi software pamakombiyuta uye kuwanika paInternet inokurudzirwa.
Microsoft nevamwe vashandi vekushanda kwepurogiramu vanowanzobvisa zvigadziriswa zvechigadzirwa nemagadzirirwo akachengetedzwa kuti adzivirirwe nehonye uye zvimwe zvingangodaro zvinogona kudzivirirwa. Vashandi vanofanira kugara vachigadzirisa masangano avo nezvikwata izvi kuti vavandudze huwandu hwekudzivirira.
Mhonye dzakawanda dzinopararira kuburikidza nemafuta anonyangadza akabatanidzwa emaimeri. Dzivisa kuzarura zvinyorwa zvema email zvakatumirwa nemasangano asingazivikanwi: Kana usina mubvunzo, usasvinudza zvigadziriswe - varwi vanovanyengedza nokuchenjera kuti vazvione sevasina maturo sezvinobvira.