ZITA
mugwagwa - kuratidza / kutarisa IP routing table
SYNOPSIS
nzira [ -CFvnee ]
nzira
[ -v ] [ -Mhuri ] ywedzera [ -net | -host ] chinangwa [ netmask Nm] [ gw Gw] [ metric N] [ mss M] [ window W] [ irtt I] [ reject ] [ mod ] [ dyn ] [ reinstate ] [[ dev ] Kana]
nzira
[ -v ] [ -Mhuri ] del [ -net | -host ] chinangwa [ gw Gw] [ netmask Nm] [ metric N] [[ dev ] Kana]
nzira
[ -V ] [ --version ] [ -h ] [ --help ]
DESCRIPTION
Nzira inoshandisa kernel's IP routing tables. Kushandiswa kwayo kwekutanga ndiko kugadzirisa nzira dzepamusoro kune dzimwe nzvimbo kana mawetaneti kuburikidza nehutachiona mushure mekunge yakagadzirirwa ne program ifconfig (8).
Apo chinowedzera kana kuti zvigadziro zvekushandisa zvinoshandiswa, nzira inoshandura maitiro ekugadzirisa. Pasina idzi zvingasarudzwa, nzira inoratidza mazviri ikozvino maitiro ekugadzirisa tafura.
MASHOKO
-Mhuri
shandisa iyo inonzi adresi yemhuri (saiyo `inet '; shandisa' nzira --help 'yezera rakakwana).
-F
inoshanda paFER's FIB (Forwarding Information Base). Ichi ndicho chakashata.
-C
inoshanda pane kernel's routing cache .
-v
sarudza verbose operation.
-n
kuratidza nhamba dzematare panzvimbo yekuedza kutsvaga mazita ekufananidzira mazita. Izvi zvinobatsira kana uri kuedza kutsanangura kuti nei nzira yezita rako rejw.org yaparara.
-e
shandisa netstat (8) -muitiro wokuratidza tafura yekugadzira. -iyo ichaita mutsara wakareba zvikuru nemararamiro kubva patafura yekugadzira.
del
sora nzira.
onai
wedzera nzira itsva.
chinangwa
iyo inoshandiswa kunyoresa kana kugadzirisa. Iwe unogona kupa ma kero yePI mumatsetseti makumi matanhatu kana mauto / network mazita .
-net
icho chinangwa ndechekubatanidza.
-host
chinangwa ndechokukoka.
netmask NM
apo paunowedzera nzira yemagetsi, iyo netmask inoshandiswa.
gw GW
nzira dzepakati nepagedhi. Cherechedzai: Gedhi rakatarwa rinofanira kutanga rakwanisika. Izvi zvinowanzoreva kuti iwe unofanirwa kuisa nzira yakananga kuenda kune gedhi kare. Kana iwe uchitaura kero yeimwe nzvimbo yako yemahara, inoshandiswa kugadzirisa pamusoro pehutano huripo iyo mapepa inofanira kuendeswa kune imwe. Ichi ndicho chibvumirano cheBSSDism hack.
metric M
sarudza munda wemataundi mumutambo wekugadzira (uchishandiswa nekugadzira dhiemoni) kuna M
mss M
chengetedza TCP Maximum Segment Size (MSS) yekubatanidza pamusoro pemugwagwa unoenda kuM bytes. Izvo zvisiri izvo ndeyekushandisa MTU minus headers, kana pasi reMTU apo nzira yawanikwa munhu. Izvi zvinogona kushandiswa kumanikidza mapoka maduku maduku eTCP pane imwe mugumo apo nzira yawanikwa munhu isingashandisi (kazhinji nekuda kwekusaziva moto dzinodzivirira dzinovhara ICMP Kupatsanurwa Kunodiwa)
window W
sarudza firiji yeTCP yehutano hwekubatanidza pamusoro penzira iyi kuenda kuW. Izvi zvinowanzoshandiswa paAX.25 mitambo uye nevatyairi vasingakwanisi kubata kumashure ekudzokera.
irtt I
Ita yekutanga rwendo rwekufamba nguva (irtt) yeTCP kuwirirana pamusoro peyi nzira kuenda kune milliseconds (1-12000). Izvi zvinowanzoshandiswa chete paAX.25 mitambo. Kana kusiya RFC 1122 kusina 300ms kushandiswa.
rega
kuisa nzira inodzivirira, iyo inomanikidza nzira yekutsvaga kusakundikana. Izvi ndezviyeuchidzo zvinoshandiswa kuvhara masaneni asati ashandisa nzira isina kuitika. Ichi HASI chekudzima moto.
mod, dyn, kudzorerazve
kuisa nzira yakasimba kana yakashandurwa. Aya majejeti ndeaya ekutsvaga zvirwere, uye kazhinji anongogadziriswa nekugadzirisa dhemoni.
dev If
kumanikidza nzira yekubatanidzwa nedhiyo yakarongedzerwa, sezvo kernel ichatsvaga kuti iongorore chigadziro pachayo (kuburikidza nokutarisa nzira dziripo kare uye zvigadziridzo zvese, uye iyo nzira inowedzera ku). Munzvimbo dzakawanda dzinowanzoitika iwe haufaniri kuida izvi.
Kana dev Kana iri sarudzo yekupedzisira pamutsetse wemirairo, izwi dev rinogona kuregererwa, sezvo iri risipo. Kana zvisina kudaro mutemo we modi modiers (metric - netmask - gw - dev) hauna basa.
EXAMPLES
nzira add -net 127.0.0.0
anowedzera mutambo wekunyoreswa wekodhi, kushandisa netmask 255.0.0.0 (kirasi A net, yakatarwa kubva pakero yekuenda) uye inosanganiswa ne "lo" device (achifunga kuti chigadzirwa ichi chakanga chakajeka kuiswa zvakanaka neifconfig (8)).
nzira add -net 192.56.76.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0
inowedzera nzira kuenda kunhare 192.56.76.x kuburikidza ne "eth0". Chikoro C netmask modifier hachisi chaiko chaiko pano nokuti 192. * Chikoro C IP kero. Izwi rokuti "dev" rinobviswa pano.
Gw mango-gw
inowedzera nzira isina kuwanikwa (iyo inoshandiswa kana pasina imwe nzira inofanirwa). Zvose zvikwata zvinoshandisa nzira iyi zvinotungamirirwa ne "mango-gw". Chigadzirwa chinonyatsoshandiswa nenzira iyoyo chinoenderana nekuti tingasvika sei kune "mango-gw" - nzira yakananga ku "mango-gw" inofanira kuiswa pamberi.
nzira inowedzera ipx4 sl0
Inowedzera nzira kuenda kune "ipx4" musangano kuburikidza neS SLIP interface (kufunga kuti "ipx4" ndiyo SLIP mutambi).
nzira add -net 192.57.66.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw ipx4
Uyu murairo unowedzera mumbure "192.57.66.x" kuti iendeswe nemugwagwa wekare kuenda kuSLIP interface.
nzira add -net 224.0.0.0 netmask 240.0.0.0 dev eth0
Ichi chisina kujeka chakanyorwa kuitira kuti vanhu vazive kuzviita. Izvi zvinogadzirisa zvose zvekirasi D (maitiro akawanda) IP maitiro kuenda ne "eth0". Iyi ndiyo yakakodzera yakasarudzwa mutsara wekodzero ine kristel yakawanda.
nzira add -net 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 rega
Izvi zvinogadzira nzira inoramba kugadzirisa purogiramu yega yega "10.xxx"
MUTAURO
Izvo zvinokonzerwa nekernel routing tafura zvakarongeka mumakoroni anotevera
Enda
Iyo nzvimbo inoshandiswa kunyoresa kana kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo inopinda
Gateway
Inzvimbo yesuo kana kuti * * 'kana pasina akaiswa.
Genmask
The netmask for the net destination; '255.255.255.255' nekuda kwekuenda kune imwe nzvimbo uye '0.0.0.0' yemugwagwa usingagoneki .
Flags
Mabhogi anowanikwa anosanganisira
U (nzira iri kumusoro )
H (chinangwa ndecheji )
G (shandisa gateway )
R ( dzokerazve nzira yekuronga nzira)
D ( dynamically yakaiswa daemon kana kutamisazve)
M ( yakashandurwa kubva mumugwagwa daemon kana kuti kuendesa mberi)
A (yakaiswa ne addrconf )
C ( cache entry)
! (rega nzira)
Metric
Icho 'kureva' kune chinangwa (kazhinji chinowanikwa muhombodo). Haisati yashandiswa nemaoko matsva, asi inogona kudiwa nekugadzirisa dhemoni.
Ref
Nhamba yezvinyorwa zvayo mumugwagwa. (Haisashandisi mu Linux kernel.)
Shandisa
Count of lookups for the route. Zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwe -F uye -C iyi inenge iri nzira yekusiya cache (-F) kana kushaya (-C).
Iface
Interface pamapakete emugwagwa uyu achatumirwa.
MSS
Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekugadzirisa ukuru hwekubatanidza kweTCP pamusoro pemugwagwa.
Window
Dhigirii hwemahwindo yeTVP kuwirirana pamusoro peyi nzira.
irtt
Pakutanga RTT (Round Trip Time). Iyo kernel inoshandisa izvi kufungidzira nezvekanakisisa TCP protocol parameters pasina kumirira (zvichida kunonoka) mhinduro.
HH (yakachengetwa chete)
Nhamba yezvinyorwa zveArp uye migwagwa yakavharidzirwa inoreva hardware header cache yemugwagwa wakachengetwa. Izvi zvichava-1 kana kero ye hardware isingadikanwi nehutano hwemigwagwa yakachengetedzwa (eg lo).
Arp (yakachengetwa chete)
Ingave kana kwete iyo hardware kero yemugwagwa wakavharidzirwa yava kuda kusvika.
ONA DZIMWE
Zvinonyanya kukosha: Shandisa mutemo wevanhu ( % munhu ) kuti uone kuti murairo unoshandiswa sei pane imwe kombiyuta.