Gara router (inonziwo kugadzirisa tafura) inoshandiswa dhesi rinoshandiswa neTCP / IP network routers kuverenga nzvimbo dzemashoko ivo vane mhosva yekuendesa mberi. Itafura yebruti isinganyanya ku-inotora database yakachengetedzwa ne router yakavakwa mune hardware uye software.
Router Dhafura Dhaini uye Masikisi
Matafura e Router ane urongwa hweIndaneti . Kero imwe neimwe iri mumutsetse inozivisa router kure (kana imwe nhepfenyuro gedhi ) iyo routa yemo yakagadzirirwa kuti ione.
Kune imwe kero kero yeP, tafura yekuwedzera inowedzera musikisi masikisi uye nedzimwe dhesi inotsanangura nzvimbo yekuenda kwepakero yepa IP iyo chikwata chiri kure chichabvuma.
Home network routers dzinoshandisa tafura shoma pfufura nokuti inongotumira motokari dzese dzisingabvumirwi kuenda kuIndaneti Service Provider (ISP) gateway iyo inotarisira mamwe mamwe matanho ekugadzirisa. Home router matafura ane zvinyorwa gumi kana zvishomanana. Nokuenzanisa, mairaira makuru pane ose eInternet backbone anofanira kuchengetedza yakazara Internet routing tafura ine mazana mazana ezvinyorwa zvinopinda. (Ona Mharidzo yeCIDR yezvinobudiswa zveInternet routing statistics.)
Dynamic vs. Static Routing
Veji routers vanogadzira mararamiro avo pamatafura paanenge achibatana neInternet provider, imwe nzira inonzi inoshandiswa kugadzirisa . Zvinogadzira mumwe muchero wekutsvaga girasi kune umwe neumwe wevashandi veDNS wepurogiramu (primary, secondary and secondary if it is available) uye imwe inopinda mukugadzirisa pakati pemakombiyuta ese epamba.
Vanogonawo kugadzira nzira shomanana dzokuwedzera kune dzimwe nhau dzakakosha dzinosanganisira nzira dzakasiyana-siyana uye dzinoparadzirwa .
Dzimwe nzvimbo dzekugara mahara routers dzinokudzivirira kuti urege kukunda kana kuchinja tafura router. Zvisinei, mabhizimisi emabhizimisi anobvumira vatungamiri vehutaneti kuti vagadzirise manyore kana kushandisa nzira dzekugadzira.
Izvi zvinonzi " static routing" zvinogona kubatsira kana uchigadzirisa maitiro ekugadzira uye kuvimbika. Pamuzinda weimba, kushandiswa kwemigwagwa yekutengesa hakudi kunzi kunze kwekusava nemamiriro ezvinhu asina kukodzera (akadai apo pawakagadzira multiple subnetworks uye wechipiri router).
Kuona Zviri Mukati reRouting Tables
Pamagareta emisha epamba, kushandiswa kwetafura yezvinyorwa zvinowanzoonekwa pane chinyorwa mukati memutambo wekutungamirira. Mumwe muenzaniso IPv4 tafura inoratidzwa pasi apa.
| Enda kune LAN IP | Subnet Mask | Gateway | Interface |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.0.0.0 | 0.0.0.0 | xx.yyy.86.1 | WAN (Internet) |
| xx.yyy.86.1 | 255.255.255.255 | xx.yyy.86.1 | WAN (Internet) |
| xx.yyy.86.134 | 255.255.255.255 | xx.yy.86.134 | WAN (Internet) |
| 192.168.1.0 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.1.101 | LAN & Wireless |
Mumuenzaniso uyu, zvinyorwa zviviri zvokutanga zvinomiririra nzira kumusikana weInternet's gateway address ('xx' uye 'yyy' inomiririra chaiyo IP address maitiro anovanzwa nokuda kwechikamu chino). Ikoko yechitatu inomiririra nzira inoenda kumusangano wevashandi vemusha inotarisana neIndaneti yakapiwa nemupiriri. Ikupedzisira inopindira inomirira nzira ye makombiyuta ose mukati memutambo wemusha kuenda kumusha wemusha, uko router ine kero ye IP 192.168.1.101.
PaWindows uye Unix / Linux makombiyuta, mutemo we- netstat -r unoratidzawo zviri mukati mefuraji router yakagadzirirwa pamakombiyuta epamba.